The URL can be used to link to this page

2013-10-29 Work Session Kodiak Island Borough Assembly Work Session Tuesday, October 29, 2013, 7:30 p.m., Borough Conference Room Work Sessions are informal meetings of the Assembly where Assembly members review the upcoming regular meeting agenda packet and seek or receive information from staff. Although additional items not listed on the work session agenda are discussed when introduced by the Mayor, Assembly, or staff, no formal action is taken at work sessions and items that require formal Assembly action are placed on regular Assembly meeting agenda. Citizen's comments at work sessions are NOT considered part of the official record. Citizen's comments intended for the"official record"should be made at a regular Assembly meeting. CITIZENS' COMMENTS (Limited to Three Minutes per Speaker) ITEMS FOR DISCUSSION 1. Direction From the Assembly on the Chiniak Tract Disposal 2. Update on the Audio System in the Assembly Chambers 3. Strategic Planning — General Administration and Finance 4. Appointment of Assembly Representatives to Boards and Committees Process PACKET REVIEW PUBLIC HEARING Ordinance No. FY2014-09 Rezoning Lot 12, Block 16, Tract A Larsen Bay Subdivision From R1- Single Family Residential To B-Business Zoning District (Case No. 14-002). Resolution No. FY2014-18 Renaming the Bayside Fire Training Center to Earl Smith, Jr. Memorial Fire Training Center. UNFINISHED BUSINESS— None. NEW BUSINESS REORGANIZATION OF THE KODIAK ISLAND BOROUGH ASSEMBLY Election of Deputy Presiding Officer. CONTRACTS Approval of Change Order No. 3 Amending Contract No. FY2014-13 Architectural and Engineering Services Term Contract for Pre-design Work for the Anton Larsen Dock Replacement Project. Approval of Change Order No. 4 Amending Contract No. FY2014-13 Architectural and Engineering Services Term Contract for Pre-design Work for Installing New Electrical Generators at Old Harbor, Karluk, Port Lions, and North Star Elementary Schools. Approval of Change Order No. 5 Amending Contract No. FY2014-13 Architectural and Engineering Services Term Contract for Pre-design Work for the Borough Building Renovation. Approval of the Expenditure Request for Scheduled Baler Maintenance. RESOLUTIONS Resolution No. FY2014-19 Disposing of a Portion of Land Up To 27,720 Square Feet Located on Top of the Active Landfill at 1203 Monashka Bay Road by License Agreement to the City of Kodiak to Temporarily Produce Class B Compost Until November 15, 2015. Resolution No. FY2014-20 Authorizing the Kodiak Island Borough to Submit an Application for a Loan From the Alaska Clean Water Fund for the Landfill Lateral Expansion Project, Phase Ill. ORDINANCES FOR INTRODUCTION — None. OTHER ITEMS Mayoral Appointments to the Planning and Zoning Commission. Assembly Appointment to the Bay View Road Service Area Board (Peter Ivanoff). *Approval of the Kodiak Island Borough Assembly 2014 Meeting Schedule. MANAGER'S COMMENTS CLERK'S COMMENTS MAYOR'S COMMENTS ASSEMBLY MEMBERS COMMENTS Kodiak Island Borough itt ?�f OFFICE of the MANAGER y' / µt /� 113. 710 Mill Bay Road * ` ' Kodiak, Alaska 99615 8161 7 Phone (907) 486-9304 Fax (907) 486-9374 * Q ";: .v Email:rschalze @kodiakak.us MEMORANDUM To: Kodiak Island Borough Assembly From: Bob Scholze, Resource Management Officer Through: Bud Cassidy, Borough Manager Date: Oct. 24, 2013 Re: Chiniak Timber Sale Proposal In letters to the Borough Manager in 2011, A-1 Timber Consultants, Inc. expressed interest in purchasing timber from Borough land within Sections 5 and 6 of T30S, R18W in Chiniak. The total area within Sections 5 and 6 equals 800 acres. The Timber Cruise and Market Evaluation undertaken by Parsons and Associates, Inc. for the Borough in 1998 estimated that the designated timber tract consisted of 650 acres and contained 21,302 mbf (million board feet) of harvestable timber with a value (gross value less marketing costs) of $3.73 million under then prevailing market conditions. In response the letters of interest, the Assembly gave staff direction to first explore what interest Leisnoi, Inc. might have in an acquiring the timber tract in exchange for properties owned by Leisnoi along the Chiniak Highway that have historically provided public access to beaches, rivers and lakes for boating, fishing, camping, hunting and other recreational uses. Following multiple discussions over eighteen months, including two public meetings, the Borough was notified in August, 2013 that the Leisnoi Inc. Board of Directors had decided not to pursue further a land exchange at this time. A-I Timber has now expressed a renewed interest in bringing its proposal for purchase of the timber back to the Assembly, scheduled for the October 29 work session. Recognizing the strong interest the timber sale proposal would generate in the Chiniak community, measures have been taken to post Public Meeting Notices in public places in Chiniak, as well as notify local residents electronically and by word of mouth. Steps that would need to be taken should the Assembly decide to pursue this proposal include completion of a boundary survey for final conveyance of Sections 5 (ptn.) and 6 (ADL 59078). Memo: Chiniak Timber Sale Proposal Assembly Work Session, 10/29/13 While the State had previously granted the Borough consent to execute conditional leases and make conditional sales on these lands, sale of the timber resource would require full conveyance by patent. What has been discovered recently by the State in reviewing the Borough's application for survey instructions is that the State has never received patent for Section 6 from the Federal Government. ADNR estimates that issuance of the patent from the Feds to the State could take five months if no third party interests are involved, and potential considerably longer if third party interests are discovered. Chapter 18.70 of Borough Code addresses the Sale of Timber. KIBC 18.70.050.A requires that timber be sold at not less than appraisal value. That will entail obtaining a current valuation incorporating a timber cruise and market analysis. If the Assembly determines to go forward with further investigation into the proposed timber sale, it will ultimately be scheduled for a regular meeting engaging the public hearing process. Memo: Chiniak Timber Sale Proposal Assembly Work Session, 10/29/13 i fi •Y O M 4 t .s PUBLIC MEETING NOTICE A-1 Timber Consultants, Inc. has expressed interest in applying for a timber sale on Kodiak Island Borough land in Chiniak. The timber tract is approximately 800 acres and is located generally behind the Chiniak School and Chiniak Alaska Subdivision. The Assembly originally gave direction to staff to negotiate with Leisnoi, Inc. an exchange of this timber tract for Leisnoi-owned properties along the road system that have traditionally seen intense recreational use by the public. The Borough was notified in August, 2013 that the Leisnoi, Inc. Board of Directors had decided to not pursue further a land exchange at this time. The Borough Assembly will hold a work session on Tuesday, October 29 at 7:30 pm in the Borough Conference Room (downstairs). A-I Timber will be giving a presentation regarding its proposal, and the Assembly will direct staff how to proceed in response to the proposal. Public comments are allowed during the work session under citizens' comments. Questions can be directed to Bob Scholze, Resource Management Officer, at 486-9304. 1 jqqj�� att /� yr ,,``yy''JJ� L(( ((q�yr 4 tt ` j k v Q „....a S .., „?,°‘/,veLNI.,-h,.(47,04010A---- (C.‘3:0Sgtenwryciii a g.&IV-1.4.,4- 4-j,...,i ale. rt., ,... „...10.$4,,,,,,,,,, ,iir• 5 .,,,, ..4%,...,_24*e.43°::- Chola Araska Su bC1v01011 , , IV., : (,Pp 90 AC eloPdei r- , -9:4-.x , 9t Y A [ C x, , e 'a+vim- n ax�aralBJ�. " �? �• -,r 7± S Su F:; A te, 4' Pastel+�..- +2 rI a r KODIAK ISLAN "" . A'-. .. i`&, 7- o ..,,i yc BOR,,}OUGH rim,-- . 6. -, o-°" '` a #! t erg r. t Poteox 83 acres tles ` i't�!" > " z a } h^4"'""tt (ppProx.690 acres m[al. '} 4 ' y4 F f r t ''' s - +a approz.213 million board ft total) 3 ,1 lit;-7'341.1,��,....5^L`g�5y�N} `y�':�}� ♦ l :41r 12 y',ayCi .:, ,4%;.13:t:.:1- 3's+{yq,kre� } � 'v xf �fk+ 1t4= i . "4 J�t y L 4,5-4-1.74, t xG� q ! "- `""L " "{ ` 54,4 �s i'4 ,tit " :,kz r @ ' * , , 'f` R{ �Y'j a Y a , 4 KODIAK ISLAND BOROUGH AGENDA ITEM REQUEST FORM Desired date for the item to appear on an Assembly agenda: October 29th Work Session Name: Tom Loushin Organization: A-1 Timber Consultants Inc. Address: 7205 W Rezanof Drive, PO Box 825, Kodiak,AK. 99615 Phone #: 907-486-8733 Cell #: 360-880-3009 Email: tom @a1timber.net Please state the item you wish to have placed on the agenda and submit any applicable documents with this form. Presentation for Proposed Timber Sale on KIB property located near Cape Chiniak(map attached). Presentation will be a power point with a question and answer session. Presentation will be submitted to the Borough Clerk no later than close of business October 23rd, 2013. Please state the desired action of the Assembly: To consider moving forward with a Sale of Timber found on the identified Chiniak Tract. • Do you wish to p►esentthis to-the Assembly? _°-- -- -x Yes No Presentations are normally limited to 15 minutes. If more time is desired, please state how many minutes is requested: 30 to 45 minutes. Do you need to have access to equipment for this presentation such as a computer, projector, DVD player? If so, please state the equipment needed below: Computer and Projector RECEIVED • Please see additional information on the back of this form. OCT 1 7 2013 BOROUGH CLERICS OFFICE KODIAK,ALASKA KODIAK ISLAND BOROUGH AGENDA ITEM REQUEST FORM The Assembly meets on the first and third Thursdays of each month for their regular meetings and they normally meet a week before in work sessions before the regular meetings. If you have a specific topic that you would like the Borough Assembly to discuss at a future work session/meeting, OR if you wish to make a presentation to the Assembly, please complete this form and submit it to the Borough Clerk's Office. The item will possibly be scheduled for a future meeting or forwarded to-Borough Staff for appropriate action. - — - Please return this form to: Nova M. Javier, MMC, Borough Clerk Kodiak Island Borough 710 Mill Bay Road, Kodiak, AK 99615 Email: niavieroakodiakak.us Phone: (907) 486-9310 Fax: (907) 486-9391 For Staff Use Only: Received by the Clerk's Office on: Distributed to the Manager/Assembly on: Discussed at the agenda setting on: Approved for agenda item on: Work session date: Regular meeting date: _ --.. Informed requestor on: Notes: _ _ � _� r.,,, .„, , ;,,,, 3%a� reor ar-'__ ,... . r its• . S r" yet 4 m' a Y.5. -: d •7 "° _ a r, tam 1 8 yjy�.. e e x r7 }° - t ''s, �„� � ,-`" 5 e,`t ,,,, •� , e 0 �� KIB Chiniak A �"' ' e 4 � � ;>� f ce�?z �- c K c�. R.vy e Y e E 4 .-v .irks ?- �hs f°�' ir,... ka;f — :" M1 rt �' �,„ J ' s, / n ar vs'+ y4 70)-‘7,9 'jam � o v'q � � G r'tl 4 h, e 4�s ♦"f„+ �'E�i"e r? , Jy..;- _c4.74 f ' .+ i F b.x -. ss-8 w" .. .fix '_ � �°. '� \ N_ Legend ':Al)61537 ' -' -' LNC Ownership w Private Property `,__ ' Owner U� 1 ( y r—� KIB• �QV' Qe�`O -------_— o ,\0�7 Private 6a '�`yf --Streams � ■ c. � PG o--°= Power Line N„ J I1- -M3 J 4 '� yW Nk , 1 �\ 5)... . S f� IAZ ../ 11� f }r< , 1 0 412 k. r. ,.., 4, Jm. ti ` ,r<n-' :iV ,.o,rr'tit u ��ti , ti3rf ., C a rY u � ^ s x a k � �Sµ�` ' •� i ';`a �- \\ri C I ;t11::;../.):—,:.h1ilr & 3•Cap e < +1 .]L h^ate=mod: '�-n,! 8 ° I u 1 inch = 1,320 feet I October 17, 2013 This map was prepared by A-1 Timber Consultants Inc. (A-1) for the purpose of display only. A-1 does not warranty the accuracy of this map nor any of the information it contains. Permission is required before reproducing.Additionally, any and all ideas, concepts or designs are the sole property of the author. Peter T. & Eunice O. Hanley 36795 Chiniak Highway Kodiak, Alaska 99615 October 22, 2013 Kodiak Island Borough Assembly Members 710 Mill Bay Road Kodiak, Alaska 99615-6398 Re: A-1 Timber Consulting Inc. (A-1) — Request for Lease to Log the Kodiak Island Borough Chiniak Lands (800 acres) Dear Assembly Member: Please turn down A-1 Consulting Inc. (A-1) request for a license to log the Kodiak Island Borough's 800-acre parcel of land in Chiniak. The reasons for this are articulated below. My wife and I live at mile 35.5 of the Chiniak Highway. We have seen (and heard) first hand the impacts of logging in Chiniak. For over 3 years the residents of Chiniak have suffered the significant adverse impacts of logging on Lesnoi Corporation land in Chiniak through Lesnoi's contract with A-1 . Chiniak residents have seen clear cutting right up to their property lines. Logging trucks (4 or more an hour) starting at 4.00 a.m. travel the Chiniak Highway for 12 -15 hours a day six days a week. The Chiniak Highway has been torn up by this heavy industrial traffic. If these impacts occurred in the City of Kodiak there would likely have been uproar of public sentiment against logging irrespective of environmental concerns. The Sitka spruce forests along the shore of Chiniak Bay represent a unique ecosystem. Not only is this forest old growth and first growth but also characterized by pure stands of Sitka spruce rare elsewhere in Alaska including southeast Alaska. The first growth label refers to the fact that this is a recent growth of new trees (a century or so) because the tree line has changed as a result of changing climate and the infusion of nutrients from the Katmai volcanic eruption of 1912. This forest has been decimated and the KIB lands if logged will destroy what little will remains of this unique forest. The forest has already been clear cut by A-1 right up to the boundary of the Borough's property. Other residents of Chiniak have shared their photographs with you of these logging impacts, which you should look at closely. The adverse environmental impacts of Lesnoi/A-1 logging are significant not only to land mammals and birds but also to the water quality of salmon streams and Chiniak Bay. Lesnoi as a native corporation is fully entitled to earn revenues from its lands to benefit its members as intended by ANCSA. However, Lesnoi to my knowledge never evaluated other economic opportunities to provide income to its members while preserving the land. These options include conservation easements that would have saved the forest while allowing Lesnoi to hold title to the land with an agreement to such an organization as the Conservation Fund of Alaska. Once the logging is finished, the land will not yield revenues for many generations to come if at all. Rather than logging its lands in Chiniak (with continued adverse impacts to the environment and residents) the Kodiak Island Borough (KIB) should evaluate the significant revenue that could be realized from either creating conservation easements through such organizations as the above-noted Conservation Fund (while preserving land title) or sale for preservation to an organization such as the Nature Conservancy. This way what is left of the Sitka spruce forest of Chiniak could be preserved and create a win-win for all the residents of the KIB. After all these 800 acres are owned by the residents of Kodiak not Lesnoi or A-1 . Kodiak's desire to attract tourism and recreation is being undermined by the clear cut logging in Chiniak. A-1 would have every tree on Kodiak Island cut down if it could without consideration of the environmental or social consequences. Turn down this proposal. Sincerely, Peter T. Hanley Eunice O. Hanley t Testimony Peter T. & Eunice O. Hanley 36795 Chiniak Highway Kodiak, Alaska 99615 Re: A-1 Timber Consulting Proposal to Purchase Logging Rights to Kodiak Island Borough Chiniak Land (800 acres) • As detailed in our October 22, 2013 letter, we request that the Kodiak Island Borough (KIB) deny the request of A-1 Timber Consulting (A-1) to purchase the logging rights to the KIB's 800 acre tract of land in Chiniak for the following reasons. • The KIB Chiniak land will be the only remaining substantial acreage of pure Sitka spruce old growth/first growth forest in Chiniak after A-1 has clear-cut thousands of acres of this unique forest ecosystem on Lesnoi Corporation land. This KIB land needs to be preserved. • The residents of Chiniak have suffered over three years of clear cut logging right up to residential property lines and heavy industrial traffic 12- 15 hours a day (starting at 4.00 a.m.) six days a week. The Chiniak Highway has been torn up. • Despite A-1's rosy presentation of the merits and environmental consequences of their clear cut logging of thousands of acres in Chiniak, the environmental impacts have been significant as they have on Afognak. The assembly should also consider the failure of reforestation on the Lesnoi lands that were logged in the 1990's. • The presentation by A-1's consultant Jedro &Hart, LLC is misleading when it states that "Timber Management" (a euphemism for clear cut logging) of the Borough's Chiniak property meets all the objective of the Kodiak Island Borough Forest Land Management Objectives. This is irrelevant since a major goal and policy of the Chiniak Comprehensive Plan adopted by the KIB is to "Maintain important fish and wildlife habitat as a high priority". Clear-cut logging is clearly inconsistent with this adopted policy. • There has been no value added to my knowledge from the sale of Chiniak timber such as local or in state use and manufacture. The timber is simply shipped directly to China and Taiwan. • Logging in Chiniak along the road system is inconsistent with Kodiak's desire to attract tourists and sportsmen. Barren hills with a few spindly stumps and brown rivers and coastal waters after heavy rains are hardly an attraction. It is my understanding that logging will start above Roslyn Beach and River, a popular recreation area, this winter. • Ironically, to my knowledge Lesnoi never evaluated other economic opportunities to provide income to its members while preserving the forest. These options include creation of conservation easements allowing retention of its land ownership but now it is apparently too late. • Conservation options are, however, available to the Borough to produce revenue including easements or sale of lands to a conservation organization such as the Nature Conservancy_ • In summary, however, the potential revenues to the KIB when weighed against the significant environmental and community impacts of destroying the last remaining tract of Sitka spruce forest in Chiniak simply do not support sale of timber rights. There are also significant upfront costs (studies, surveys etc.) to the Borough to further evaluate A-1's proposal. Based on these considerations the Assembly should decide tonight that further evaluation of logging on its Chiniak lands is not warranted and so direct staff to cease further work on A-1's request. Chiniak Timber Tract Wet.4.% 0 dit0.Vratn •g`"�t \ .,LEISNOIx�y'-� �`✓ P• e o .+x, - - p ° ;. ' »'t,,sa� .4 te a. , ' T Y¢ E alt.; : x ' 4 - Vii` �'� `F.dr� f y tsl, Nt "rye„ '_"! "p r t " 2r ''' u. . " ,use .a+y" -'%). ..."..-. , J .� > tt p . s9` ,'7 S\ y,+..G r- ssy� .;,�r4.r.e .•i}ia' r . LEISNOI,INC p,, ,i". y k A t s a k l yr � �ir V , Y Chiniak Alaska Subdivlslon 44...# 1 ( y ' ' ' _ r KODIAK ISLAND BOR (Approx. 90 Developable Acres'.. ° =ki Px t y gp "t• H t .( F -'�` 11 hftil .W'':� . . p �} � t I �'.:`..sA B,n. ore, " ' 4 71/ a �, {a. 51# r '�L ^ Y+.. .y� e e t ,t Iteicr, ,�{* tx{'r \ ,e �, z, r "ma y 1 .,'k .'xs;"�.f t .} f LEIS-OI`INC Y- r t '�(rt�'J'�tf '-C,,' . ,,'0,, 4, yY r 1 . y r. - y. ,. •, n. ....E y a' 7!.t,,, y1��"' M Tm R s�,. ,}r,'4 m „y . p^1-ff i ,y‘"r •r *r ,. ?{'.' ,g via,2. tli � ° � 1 J Z x d Y 4 x r�^ 'H y�•s ^r h, t r F ,C:r..> x 1f > ' rys• g •`. at s: .flap �j. 1e * Y Y i y�} ,t ,ji r rre \ i l•. .A 't. 3 t 4. y ri}f" '}°s. / 4 +, Fb� f ,t,,, Y .„ Y r / x-. J, 'V '`^.}y+� rYf,,. ?' ( e �... T � �"✓f b,•t�}�� 5L j k�.n Y r r y,Y'F"a J�'r f. � �y. Y h✓ r + t. Y p.� .;+'y,&'"�'yr - � .-, r .5d a�«I d ca( 5L'�""r. '4� `".� t x 7'i .'v „� , r` +.� `4 liar 7' r 1 / ' T 3tf lr � ..--..;---.%.d t �r F r rah ✓ rr z e N i z9i,M, n S', r#- , .: s us' - 'ti ,,, r 4•e, _ A„,:. c5. 9 e f s,. ,,i; a ; \ ° ; p, ,. .< ' ', r - ,R. * ��{{' ;, „,„- cF yr , < aJ ''f ,i ' k r 1”. -1,144-7.--"e 10" r 'I '°x .-0.,,!.."."-y;,. 7 N"f.> e " : ,f.. >'P�"w..1•a ...o k tit it.."n ` 4rfi.A Saf t,.-. " y.} '' "s+, : ,�"'I ..'.' ,+5: 'T ' ', ✓` q . • e«4a• S"r ' ,∎06.04p°`!! ,r J rykFx > [ ��vy� ' „ n +e '4„$, -- rt x . R . 4, ep"'y9,W '' �r it,'s 41111/11;',"4 ,,, YFie7iy% ,+ Y ` Y� � !"' w,n, .1.4 04: ..df!St� �.,`S" +P �-:rsr n -i"} �'�`t { '} 1 =..t MFa qt m" ,.47 n v x4 .. k ' ;, ' rd '4.. , '^, 0/7 i r.E•..r � .-... ' `,�". � •3 . i° 4 ° b'.. Yf' :( +t `? .!.afr n" ,s } r. F�.-, . hr< ✓ , ...r t. �, 2 Aet' K-4,1`; rP� ", 0 irtZ . ;... '"YSi' 1-' rt ?"°"�` �� y ' " ." .r air, ` 4 t . 'K'v.:t% Kodiak Island Borough Property rt Chiniak Alaska ryh�{ AS' �tr`^ Fr' h ( .a 3 �]�e'' r� *r x` lCt�, mm°�sncs \Y [ i.'• rY �'S1 n.'.�kS..:%'!r �R.tm�i. .i 'Ni ni^° y r \ " RM. ....,,, im>•arry a':viarea:tram a•S f 'ir a "' : M a z4` C1\ a v a,: .. '.`..[.... .. �.;.a.,.,,...... iota ana zooaJaA' 1EE3' ° EYV d` }a ar� ., o—olze 025 05 ois tm,mx Bud Cassidy From: Marsha Galloway <marshagalloway @msn.com> Sent: Friday, October 25, 2013 11:13 AM To: jerrol.friend @kibassembly.org; carol.austerman @kibassembly.org; tuck.bonney @kibassembly.org; aaron.griffin @kibassembly.org; david.kaplan @kibassembly.org; chris.lynch @kibassembly.org; frankpeterson33 @gmail.com; mel.stephens @kibassembly.org; Bud Cassidy Subject: Proposed timber sale of Borough land at Chiniak Dear Borough Mayor, Manager, and Assembly, I am writing to register my opposition to the Borough selling the timber rights to the Borough owned 800 acres at Chiniak to A-1 Timber. I was born and raised on beautiful Kodiak and am a co-owner with my siblings of Lot 12 at approximately Mile 41. Over 50 years ago, my father became the first patented land owner in Chiniak. Soon after that, Spike and Hope Caruthers obtained the property now owned by Virginia Adams and family. Having known the Caruthers personally and knowing how much they loved Chiniak, I know how saddened both they and my now deceased father would be to see what has happened to their beautiful Chiniak. They never would have dreamed that their own Borough would consider selling timber rights to the last remaining old growth Sitka Spruce at Chiniak. It is unthinkable! We have watched in frustration as the Leisnoi Corporation has decimated their properties out at Chiniak, but never did we think the Borough of Kodiak would consider doing the same. This is public land to be enjoyed by all. Can you imagine driving out that beautiful stretch of road only to see barren landscapes instead of the "take your breath away" beauty that has always characterized Chiniak? I could continue writing about the destruction of habitat, environmental impact, selling of trees to China, adherence to the Chiniak comprehensive plan adapted by the Borough, loss of property value, questionable practices of A l Timber, etc, but I am sure that others, more knowledgeable and eloquent than me have expressed all of those things. I think this should be a simple open and shut case. To most of us, it is also very personal. My husband and I and our children have spent all of our family vacations at Chiniak for over 30 years. Together with them and our grandchildren this summer, we again spent a wonderful time at Chiniak. In spite of all the destruction we witnessed, we were happy to still see some of that beautiful rain forest between our cabin and the school. I said to our grown daughters one day, "So which do you think is prettier — a tropical paradise like Florida or here?" They were shocked I would even ask. There was no 1 From: Peter Hanley To: Dud Cassidy Subject: A-1 Consulting Proposal to Log KIB Chiniak Lands Date: Tuesday,October 22,2013 6:34:22 PM Attachments: 7(IB Loaning 1 tr,1014.11 ATT00001.hta1 Dear Mayor Cassidy: I urge you to deny the request by A-1 Consulting to log the KIB's 800 acres in Chiniak to be considered at your October 29, 2013 public meeting. As detailed in the attached letter to KIB Assembly Members (original signed and mailed to KIB Kodiak office)the significant environmental and community impacts from logging will continue and a significant part of what is left of Chiniak's unique Sitka spruce forest will be destroyed if you approve A-1's request. The KIB has other options, as noted in our,letter, to receive value from the 800 acres of KIB Chiniak lands while preserving this major part of the remaining Chiniak forest. I look forward to seeing you at the October 29, 2013 meeting. Bud Cassidy From: Robert Scholze Sent: Wednesday, October 23, 2013 12:19 PM To: Scott Bonney Cc: Bud Cassidy Subject: RE: Public meeting notice, KIB Timber Tract Hi, Scott: I'm glad that one of the 2 email addresses I had for you worked. As far as I'm aware,the Borough records do not include email addresses or phone numbers so they wouldn't be included on the website. In addition to newspaper notice, notification of public hearings is required by mail address to neighboring property owners. Since this is not a public hearing,there was no notification requirement. However,the Manager recognized the strong public interest the logging proposal would generate in the Chiniak community,therefore measures were taken to post the Public Meeting Notice in public places in Chiniak,as well as to notify electronically local residents we had an email contact for,who in turn might forward it to others. Hopefully,the word is out. Thanks for the reply. Bob Original Message From:Scott Bonney (mailto:stralaska@hotmail.com] Sent:Saturday, October 19, 2013 10:02 AM To: Robert Scholze Subject: RE: Public meeting notice, KIB Timber Tract Thanks Bob, The Borough's website is not updated. Can you provide updated email and phone numbers? Scott -----Original MessageFrom: Robert Scholze (mailto:rscholze@kodiakak.us] Sent: Friday, October 1B, 2013 4:03 PM To:Jon And Virginia (lowcapel@vahoa.com);e werbe(ahotmail.com; sbonnev(aalutiiq.com Cc:wallekoning @email.com;Scott Bonney(stralaska @hotmail.com); Bud Cassidy Subject: Public meeting notice, KIB Timber Tract Virginia, Elle,Scott: Since you have expressed interest recently, I am attaching the flyer which is being placed in the Chiniak library, Chinak post office and Chiniak school to give notice of the public meeting on Oct.29. Please feel free to forward this electronic version to other Chiniak residents who may be interested but might not see the posting in those public places. Thank you. 1 Bud Cassidy From: Marsha Galloway <marshagalloway @msn.com> Sent: Friday, October 25, 2013 11:13 AM To: jerrol.friend @kibassembly.org; carol.austerman @kibassembly.org; tuck.bonney @kibassembly.org; aaron.griffin @kibassembly.org; david.kaplan @kibassembly.org; chris.lynch @kibassembly.org; frankpeterson33 @gmail.com; mel.stephens @kibassembly.org; Bud Cassidy Subject: Proposed timber sale of Borough land at Chiniak Dear Borough Mayor, Manager, and Assembly, I am writing to register my opposition to the Borough selling the timber rights to the Borough owned 800 acres at Chiniak to A-1 Timber. I was born and raised on beautiful Kodiak and am a co-owner with my siblings of Lot 12 at approximately Mile 41 . Over 50 years ago, my father became the first patented land owner in Chiniak. Soon after that, Spike and Hope Caruthers obtained the property now owned by Virginia Adams and family. Having known the Caruthers personally and knowing how much they loved Chiniak, I know how saddened both they and my now deceased father would be to see what has happened to their beautiful Chiniak. They never would have dreamed that their own Borough would consider selling timber rights to the last remaining old growth Sitka Spruce at Chiniak. It is unthinkable! We have watched in frustration as the Leisnoi Corporation has decimated their properties out at Chiniak, but never did we think the Borough of Kodiak would consider doing the same. This is public land to be enjoyed by all. Can you imagine driving out that beautiful stretch of road only to see barren landscapes instead of the "take your breath away" beauty that has always characterized Chiniak? 1 could continue writing about the destruction of habitat, environmental impact, selling of trees to China, adherence to the Chiniak comprehensive plan adapted by the Borough, loss of property value, questionable practices of Al Timber, etc, but I am sure that others, more knowledgeable and eloquent than me have expressed all of those things. I think this should be a simple open and shut case. To most of us, it is also very personal. My husband and I and our children have spent all of our family vacations at Chiniak for over 30 years. Together with them and our grandchildren this summer, we again spent a wonderful time at Chiniak. In spite of all the destruction we witnessed, we were happy to still see some of that beautiful rain forest between our cabin and the school. I said to our grown daughters one day, "So which do you think is prettier — a tropical paradise like Florida or here?" They were shocked I would even ask. There was no comparison. This is God's country, this is real beauty not witnessed anywhere else in the world. In fact, they said "This is living!". Need I say more? Please, let's not destroy the people's land for a buck. Some things are just more important than money. Let's do everything in our power to preserve this for future generations. Thank you for your consideration. Marsha Weisser Galloway, Chiniak Property Owner 2 Nova Javier From: Bud Cassidy Sent: Thursday, October 24, 2013 10:54 AM To: Nova Javier Subject: FW: A-1 proposal to buy/log the Borough trees at Chiniak Attachments: Pages from Chiniak logging email.pdf From: Scott Bonney [mailto:stralaska @hotmail.com} Sent: Sunday, October 20, 2013 4:26 PM To: jerrol.friend @kibassembly.orq; carol.austerman @kibassembly.orq; tuck.bonney @kibassemblv.orq; aaron.griffin @kibassembly.orq; david.kaolan @kibassembly.orq; chris.lynch @kibassembly.orq; frankpeterson33 @gmail.com; mel.stephens @kibassembly.orq; Bud Cassidy Subject: A-1 proposal to buy/log the Borough trees at Chiniak Kodiak Island Mayor, Assembly and Borough Manager, During the Tuesday October 29 Borough Assembly work session A-1 is to propose purchase of the trees in the Borough forest at Chiniak. I urge you to consider the huge loss to Kodiak and Chiniak that logging of this remaining forest will result in . A couple of quick points: 1. The Borough Comprehensive Plan speaks clearly regarding Chiniak's economy: Retain residents and improve quality of life. Maintain important fish and wildlife habitat as a high priority 2. Ongoing logging has resulted in many properties for sale which have not sold and a good portion pulled off the market in frustration. There are presently 15 properties for sale in Chiniak out of 91 properties not including properties at Kalsin Bay; 16%when in the recent past one was challenged to find property available for sale. Logging is devaluing land values in Chiniak, absolutely and understandably. 3. Present Chiniak property value (excluding Kalsin Bay) is approximately 7.2 million. There is no doubt our properties have been devalued by an estimated 25%with higher end homes more. Property values will be challenged and decreased property tax received. Over the reverberations of 30 years a present worth of cumulative lost property taxes could easily reach in the $300,000 to $400,000 range. This will be dwarfed by lost Chiniak bed and breakfast, rental housing, restaurant and tourism value for Kodiak in general. 4. The Chinak forest will be the last remaining forest in Chinak on the road system. Left standing this forest will become highly treasured for the Chiniak economy and likewise improve the quality of life for Kodiak in general. Outdoorsmen, hunters, explorers, bird watchers, tourists, and Kodiak families will all profit. Chiniak Bed & Breakfast households who have taken a significant hit will see increased bookings. Roads End restaurant will have increased business. 5. Tress do not regrow in 10 years. Please come out to Chiniak and see what 15 years growth from the first logging achieved, trees that began early after cutting. Regrowth to anything close to a forest will take 50 or more years and even then the tress will be dwarfs to the present trees in the Borough Chiniak forest, of which many are hundreds of years old. I have several on my property estimated close to 300 years old based on rings I counted in one similar. 300 years old and looking towards its next 100 years. 6. The degradation of the Chiniak Highway is accelerating. State DOT has accomplished some work but will not rebuild our highway except for small sections at a time. Years more of heavy log trucks will leave us of Kodiak a much poorer highway. i 7. Last but not least, our community is suffering. The angst of seeing the Chiniak forest torn apart and disappear to China with each successive ship is heart wrenching. Give us of Chiniak and those that love Chiniak some hope. Let the Borough forest survive. Thank you for your consideration, Scott Bonney Whalebone Hill Chiniak, Alaska 907-301-8490 stralaska@hotmail.com 2 J,_ , PUBLIC MEETING NOTICE A-1 Timber Consultants, Inc. has expressed interest in applying for a timber sale on Kodiak Island Borough land in Chiniak. The timber tract is approximately 800 acres and is located generally behind the Chiniak School and Chiniak Alaska Subdivision. The Assembly originally gave direction to staff to negotiate with Leisnoi, Inc. an exchange of this timber tract for Leisnoi-owned properties along the road system that have traditionally seen intense recreational use by the public. The Borough was notified in August, 2013 that the Leisnoi. Inc. Board of Directors had decided to not pursue further a land exchange at this time. The Borough Assembly will hold a work session on Tuesday, October 29 at 7:30 pm in the Borough Conference Room (downstairs). A-1 Timber will be giving a presentation regarding its proposal, and the Assembly will direct staff how to proceed in response to the proposal. Public comments are allowed during the work session under citizens' comments. Questions can be directed to Bob Scholze, Resource Management Officer, at 486-9304. i-ws .. ,< t J p,i 'k `r yy ry..: +^9v a .. u "4,4:144. 'di;'* ya �3" tb 6,-0:19:::Q4 � �a} GA's' i"5�. ,3, s. s z 'a%'I _Ag•' °^ "Y . A t f s`LL' k , `F �2",a_ F mfr 14-&71-144`t•- ' •4�A ‘ r ["b�f =',-',��'a' M' asap��®®�Y�gS : %w f - < ® qry yea ti Chiniak Alaska SUbdvis;on lV (Appws 90 Acres dea'opaba) p$ _ • Y •ttiP T y . �t 7y ,' z @• Ve A - ye ' ;R t ip ODIAKISIAND O n h $ OUG{ Y e�tl kisi#v.-, q E: � Po[en[halTmber Sales� z- `4� 0 ¢*' ''st[`� X , -' (fiPPros.830 xres Iola', �, 4 j -4 S --- y�jK Apprae 2131201 boardR total) ' r '-n f ).� C v ' te- i� SffF �;,Fa r r e.°;� -N- z d"a y ? .- ) rte; ii- Ai > e 'y r s S i4.f /.rp Ij ' s °° . sa NOS ..--ri.1.,•• ; Lake- ,.. ....„' an s , tia-4.47,4,„-,;--;:i•,•,-;-1.5),-,tr',..**C.,"P-CPT whalebone _ ,,i,„-;;;;,,...., --, , , . - - it , ,-..;..--r ...% Rachaels ..‘.p,.....,, .-.24-4.,az/iii;•-•-': 4-4,...:rtr.-,s .4 Am* ,-,--.*.t.,-,-....: ,--; Approximate area . * /1,41",44.1-14.4lciarz„..0-**±,..1,,,:,:-.„..„.-,., -- i-7,-.` •nr. t.i 4rit iV- TirAy,PAtiLtifri; ..facji wriS 7.,; ttql r " 'CA k t:. ' '1. ' '. Ai ' ''''...'7./■' ,:ft1t4-i*,;:t.7-'44" 4 04,p...4 , '4 •;4" 'N A,--■. .- . 4 - .•,•• , of Borough land 7,, -"ta "' -- -alb:*Ai:CSC/744 ttL Vtitli .49-'9'!'W•9'stkt •• e ‘7,AVVQ4'4.rt4riZi. /rc\-"''',71;&.. -, ..- --,1/2....- rkm*,1:rlit P"-c■C 'a ''''-' 1-.le ..•''')'44',::45 ,4;t411i Roslyn .21-1•47aa,':-,-A-t.a*t'''ltY--?-4;i . , ,wi ;‘-, • -' 1Q---:---:- ig2.te••-"`t•tic...; ''.• • .-) "Y,'-.1.-:1„:::. . 'Th.;..-•-:kar, at•:"*etter-4 r ?.:■4;•ri--1,',.ittzt,i;,."h-1.7-/4.-- ,,-chrint.,.:-r'4 / ., L. Lk, ..‘ii,...' or'a,,,trn-L.,:..-21,,•.:,,,,;..„... . . , -:t -inti'lir-F.:, -.:1,±:t:f4-0.4c 4-- ,v4A,T, .•-,': n'7 4" 77" tte*W. ')' ft ' .•'lliii",.1*5-1.1a7,011/4',i, ., , ='s.serc?'''' Pl'''fr.IV''i-4' 4'''qita % . s'I'4:1:009* ''-.4#'4"."") -r. ' .:P :,,tr*.tr - -• e.• --Icit--410• C'Z'il -119e9tr'.. ' - S''&9:'-: • A •19fht.,044%er:.,fr:gitofe,sw • swa, -....t149-. •• ' • 4.0, ",-,49,4,W•;.41•9%*.;:444 • . ''CI . ...:44. ft. IrAl':47f.t ' . i .4:','-''..11..tri2:4.trAliftillek% ..creltta,le 4 -■ .fifr..154:a- 'r''''' ,Ilern\--.44.4rt-, fv ‘ '1,ii ..e .,-- e-00:;,c7a,-'i':, ' i i"...tat,:-;41:71?•.. 462i....3%-.72.52.,r.:eu.z...t.e. ttcie. tot.i4izo-va. . leha.,3'-'1.-4.•-.473 i 41 - "ra' t ,,,',,,.,74::;;;:.,;21^,1 , c-,`C7fir-net,„:":"Aite.tik4 k s' 4kfte,frftze.`4"." ..seli/I.) ,...m„..tteztfr„,%j gio.ia...7.:74c#2.siieitiPr 1.•.-.r. "4.• i rr"•A''''C'41$4.V - 4;41(„4 4Sprt 4,Z8,r"....4% 7 ci,MAIMA".'' ,i; Tr.:*is fiti ?lit,,WIt,varzy:,...:4741h="0,40?... cc,taw o.c.poreso sr,: 400. A I Cttftc,...„,...: „..,. ..,,a,.......,,..„:„........,m,,...,,,„,,, t,.., „.., r, %. ts.so e:,,..2.4.0. ,At'10■44.-fitertikkl:;4Meatn4 711.7,rditO !a. -? e -„;:e1' . .z. _„Ifa se',1WiraltVezdOse.r„.,, .. -:.. nr..„....,„„....... . , (.40 lit. rw-rir "Wft,'S-VP14.4r....0.1?'ti-1/4 kv- .,1.1..,,i. 4 nter74.: 4' 2_, ''• '41:54vord'ir'Ver. ' '4 c grAt.ffW / ;;"e,t.4{ii Pi '1.P.r1,7 ,re*41:42:1;.W.41?"4:I.PePir A. ... ,10-,'4,Ill.; : .,sicf.rstt.4.■ 'Cta"%. te:417:1,1 1/2 ..7-In't'll:',.*:-.. ',t,' It '4;44'741 I; :;.,:itri-.11:,:trialhi.•r,ty-.4...nots 1/4'4-0..," 441414 i,,,., ;,....- ",.4„,714.117.6.#,,,tifa's'•444t4"2"S--inh',,1/4<.61 44 7•,,,,11:49-'relti&J r- sw.r.??4,144.19' '',.?..tc‘4°11,•talittrie?"*.4., ;-?,ttr• 4.9. .„54 •141V.19-7,4..2,;_'',$' 499, 414; 9,s 10 14/fit•••mtnirpdrierfrk Li:,.. ' tatiltIrriringef." in• te1C91 •••inf-• C:, A 'it'''. ' ' t9 .4:44%7.•.cr:-."9-.9-9,44,9 7$1•10 t$94:14 913' cari"TASIeck'911,11.1tielf‘:;'-et r'9•A--.9flircfrel;941--,*?:;41,'.?•„f94.,?it?...W., :': .. . ` v•-..„79:9Atri 1W 4•ti:),, 9 it tdr .#1-,H0 li •14:41; . '-'1-pir,Wr. ,:i-r.04.4%. 0:9;*:/itt4iiithi;toreAtit:g lel.- 4,1P:Ce? -',. Ir. ,i-rergat -ii:tar4fl-L',09' i'Lrtfrtit,1“: aftilitidit'340.7rekelts- I"''e I.'S...5a ' W.:,t' :.' -,L.,,:o•-' ,.../y tr irtnir ',.trt4.4.,,r. re, a f.;t• de • -A- - agree .....1 z);:-;,.45.1...4-. . .-, . ....., -. "arii.1454,tzera,-,-t.n. et-A-,„., .. 4 =.„Cfirw-k.1/41/4-„,'R?"---' es:14,41/2., sil., .. ' At'Ar "-....ilic-- ,A.• ii- •,4„5„.„,41,kisen491/4.-44,14 ,S1:9911-Viga* `Inak•titettrW-"nkene• ' *110 * cl. li k'4g 0.- /9-- • - " 0--k.±...---,IVAT:epitv,:,-_,I;;,.`--c= ,e,orbat.:1,4.."-ett,,. ...: i ..., --fr,„-t.174:giiiesA3,--,ct,,wdz, . liCtia.4.,,-,ji ok,te 1 10 .‘1% " ,,,i4,6r keyed . 7=...tie"•iftrithri-2 4,a,,,&"‘ .m -",0 re....e.-s;-;44440*. . •.:'g'ct-444=n- 1- ,- . - : • ;' .w... ..0,-;nis, e . , eit :v- • .„re,t,,,,,;01,14. ,...rite.a.e./7.4,7t .w-- , --.,11-4t.-1--4,k;--ni,.: ixorfri- ' 0.1,.:.;yt WAS."AMW alfraSI: 'i Vititi Fr!.1 a it, A il,t.t.le 4.-7,-• ‘..-IrsgiteN.raetc.- ..,'42.4,4zeti° ,,. , ' -.., .1/41:?:10:•-traatleit eit,"5".'44 -.74440...icarrritin-go,,-.4 .14:lir . 4-c--•'-'- -'V- '• , . 0 ,,,,,,eretici.e.r.•.,?..v iv,43zt. „..4.tifitre..1„... 14g.s',cit4, 1-1; -4 dtait 4,:se„-zpleS'a r•-• -a.,— Irene,' c-- ,,, - ,,i?,.s.;,er ,.„......imer.a..„.ty,-a” .. .-...w..;:tb. :. .. ,, , /,. .).,.......,:.v ...,....... -,...,,.,th....t.m. , , ,*:..44.• AI 4C'4-74.rictth*,-4:72, rar,%,„4,ri; 'ACelArt4--1;11. - tr,r'•., •;„.`" ,.,4., : *, ..,fe4. -":„•'*i.r.tve.,-Y,Wrc'foi)4447.1.13frc.,fr- 7.2...Biraisic. --4-2- "..- _ - :car tettY...v...;:11-4)m.wzo.qr./.0:1 ,eattogiftfr-T.1 .2 1740,1,4:14;A'. t - .F. 4-.4.:0, -,..P hi... i's-'2*. 4vCr; . - Cit-t:silyacr!Otactiral.1, .1.-1914h.11ts:".^:1-.4.2. • ' z--k•h.s.,- art•i - '9.9 1:--994:1"1-4•11.: ''''f 44,44-P9 •77;,--* ,,..-47t: ,34-41K•.,,,icsfintei—,...,4',/liett.tz:(,1,„:4149V. i .540, .., 'Att-t" -iticiAt ;ele;-410,,,_-tro ..,t41. - '1/44114-4PiSC:laa 1',A17: k :I -V-Kilr'Ltie t.c. tr.40t- . ar „,,A, in,44%.\;" 4„.046.ratict.fr:44..s.„.:,: 5V:fr;■ V' OS:.ti,:.:VW 1;„...,. L 7111 I:; ' Rt." :."'c.e.rw,, „i„,-,, , 44:-„14,',?,:r.47,ir ‘.,;Wt"i,,are•t,,.',- ,.....4. , : . ,' tea 7 r -4- -"isitt,;...; - Novir-rny.,:dia '4, i. ' -tv- 4:r,d'.1/4'irat --. .,„ ......,.- ..o, , ---,,,.- „:-...v..-4,04-nw • , - ,-, ., ' --t-, , .f‘zors,,:ttz, .--to .). 1/4! '...I t',-,,,c,i,v, i.,..1/4.-.,,t4srati.)...-t„,kelt...40.4.4. t‘K-.,J _ ,,-.7,,r1/4 , , ti, ,•....,,L.1/41::,..,t___,,, t.,,, it:03-*.L.W.4,740,r,,cf c,, '..-le 414„,s' ....'70* ,-. ;:. -L -......-... • , ''' L't il .4' • .4..4"....-ad ...- ••• From Chiniak Comprehensive Plan adapted by the Borough Implementation Actions * Address the need for recreational boat harbor and/or other boating facilities. * Pay for services by usage. * Site future solid waste landfills or other facilities in locations that minimize impacts on or conflicts with adjacent uses. Do not site a landfill in Chiniak. lI -1,43 . * Reconsider plans for expanding the tsunami center. ir 'N n} '0113 t4`�F ♦ Provide law enforcement services, at least on weekends in the summer months. e^' _ . Goal: Maintain Existing facilities and levels of service. _ Policies • Advocate for Chiniak School to remain open and develop a response plan in the event that the school is denied funding. �„ i,os e4ult,knit is i�IkI�t4�6 lr 1 Implementation Actions 6e1.y=w+/ *-.r" k ' • Create a school closure response strategy, including methods of communication. :- y . ;i l: * Retain the school, as it is an important community asset ij'prd {r, IC Local Government of '' "I Policies _ f- J a" , t n A Continue to view Chiniak as a distinct entity, even while unincorporated. Continue Borough communication with the community. 0 ha L�P: d, J�A • Maintain and improve communication between the Borough and local governments, Native } $,s Sj l` Y organizations, and community groups. f � P Economy ,3 Goal: Retain residents and improve quality of life. Policies A Develop a comprehensive management framework to encourage economic development ''- "B while protecting coastal resources. A Maintain important fish and wildlife habitat as a high priority. A Ensure that timber harvesting is conducted in a manner that minimizes adverse environmental impacts and conflicts with adjacent land uses. •_° =i' � 3 Kodiaklsland Chapter Eleven IA Local Communities BOROUGH Page 83 cS January.2008 Comprehensive Plan Update Borough land west side. Picture taken from back of S Leisnoi land Bonney property looking SE before logging in the Silver creek 75' _ foreground. setback `b§t ° F k . ` ''' <1 E* � �'t ' iJC>�s' may: j�r rRh . a: s tim C t y r yy All trees gone now w �v.¢'y f`, e,L.'y'- s ais�dp,V,1Y�, +�&f� �., , W -?. ` is. 1 4' Fi"' �y-4, �� 3 '�d 'S5 '`rt..h h'f .R �'f t�"5^ a t J Y � ;a+,J 'v{ fit 1-k '-zr l ',, Tt'�7 r -; ;,v #°<.�E ,:wt xL§tI "fir JS � .' Yr{, "s� '', ' y` 1)" - v f A` " ' it. x # >r t Zt t3JQ6/1Q x c�� a�s �zy F[` s a, `ham� I;:carS.� §p} y 7i r r �} 6. ,� . : x.; Borough forest center portion looking south 1 �4 '�.,'1,£=1kH S ,* �. :En?'�Y 6 3 ` ,� 'a2` !-•».'i..sr- e• + r.. ti_i rty`. � ,'j: 7Y o✓ 'r` ,�a g' f>f ,� a '".s .titi:Lit a 1 Z �+y::* : s a :rte fit' �! *r' ,£+- nF ry " ` ,.. Y - H.T .` R1, e :V i.;S?., ,. � =`qtr , ri �� r .ate i' ' -•-- y�p�jt s • • t Sequel Point area ' �hh' !„ ,.,. ,..:��as f �t'.'i s T .Q rt4'Witt v !t' w"T t'+e1.e.k r _ �? -t c yr:c,.f, .) a,,,\F-1,,,v oc. ((t�;;yy 5 v,-fi �#y k; _R� nit 'e- a r."t`/ tt , y''Y°tr,S ? . „ ” ? .0 J 1` 6 a._vn Kn'" lr a� 4^ : d �a F �t�f x e _ ia') }��k ,.ate C ._.... ,y�*t.1 ' �,l - f `pll . !",""'-"'',',Ff •st � .—"'"-d la ._ 1, rtii.— , 4 F• " 4 .i. ... : ^"*i+� a \ ./ - _\f +7 k 1 .. • �/.P.t �y �� °�`C.tT° w,1-Si .. a. S n: C�{�. i I y try' i. }, .C � kx"' :40:,.µ ,.f 4?v: ,14..../',,?"t .y ,f 1yI aril. 1, }. t { f ]i ` ! x tf t e,, t *LT:�.f. �"Y "�- eif f'{7 i n, ' o-y .a Y � c 1 � , 1 v g ! z .1/. �"e< d� i<yb � ' tK £ '.� ii«µ 5F• a w * e .'sa i• n e. r x y-` K "' t .p 4`w.�--1'a f,�'..pi`tp^°. \$A �mss st+' Y x' y '4 w d e ..1,1 +ji.G'? �1s?14 s:x rb 4 t r!-ti c�rr i s Y` a - i "' i K & [r i to r x,r .5, r -ey y• a � :� 7':,-'71-:." c. f a r rP ` 1- -. � ,, t 'it b - > �. i -c 6 '+p -..�-n - Fg�+• ) x 'k" VR° `c ?%.:: • i Y ll.amp ,: a} a '"g j -, d Y'� t° Starting r , . ' -., ,' i' e —u.- � y,� i.1 new {° ' ' ` _' , r� ' logging s �` , I s xP,:t F j / . v 3 r". area p. ii .�€`rtt , ,`app1mc mile b t E) aess54.,..,,,,„7..m..,:,i_ritiy_tv4tozvar,artes?, ,r,..L.hrz.,,i:A.,,tvtz1/4„ .4.\.w tt.g.,1 ,,,,..,/ -_ . ..- it, 4.1\4 r t $ kizie044_,.0,ii,57*,..„.tiplcs:,,,,.@4;1,,,:wilirot.1,- titigiciaLA,r_____tiicik.;‘,74.1_,F.:4 it,r.. 1_,-;:.: ,4_;;_;_,=_. :-Arig-eiwateit...,0:7A 4:4,..“--t?ce,.,_.:5.:,! 4; ;17;:i. •,,;..1.;,,,,.,1 :c r .:0i; __.. _ ,-,..„_•,,, „ r,11,47estce:f2tsig.9.:p40,-.....„„)...„„?r4_ ft% i- c ' 44'4";,-...1:Alc -,..-iii .413-tf 4,0114 Al ,s. ,1t -- e. — ' 4 3 s .•^ 11 13'/,011.9 4. :z r ,IC'. M i �5FJ3 +' 3 ,., ):IL+ :I :Ill I I' .:1 s k 444'.,o,.," 1-: .4 .a. E3 ( �. r Y 3< Is. ;1,.x _ +3 — l+K `'�?}�' .`" .d '7.t 1 x'.,i. .. + xl.i y�h,."" {:si '1t '"a°��V.'y a ,may, r `^'i`... �' .4 z '',,.e n`+R. '.? o-` ' �-y .Fa ^ e+" < c Y a. \Sw • F e . uu w"s 4 a A J a'� "3. cl p3 r '1_w' t� i'baa q�.y`+},-p4�4y-. ,'�4 . • ,9 fi" t`31',,s-tic 0,.1's i`� f -• � '4 ,7 l \ St,$3g£ tea. � �tit.q ,"yeAT� y�-tr6`t, /.,n •41 "L gQt s l• f(#t },6`t5 S gtr,4 i "' �' F` t�� - K-. cra F' -4 v } p� ' v? ',4c\-.4%4. x v 4* 1lA r t' - �^r{ ¢ r "*" sr � t s ``^.T. i 3u t1•`ta 4 Y b $ 1:"--� `2 §'my,..1::+l' :ta" -1^ , ;a s r F., ,al¢ weft #t} P X14.t Y 4 / .!'x 4, 0;-t '1 m' rs^{ T+l-i.Z - k ',.::%lIZ72;7":".43kft.C..,..- '''''';‘a,_.,-4.. .71Vi::::: y p� * Y .T s _ s.. l et3 ,+ Logging to come w X. , 1.. ' s ' i v c.t n r M ,q rl 1. $I i + f l ' Y s x -. k v 44 • a r y 3 4E f1 1 ,.+ ti . It tht- '.• `-'t n N 1 a'4 `i ./ 2 „ k „I t wg A rx F R aj,t z. n c ff • 2 A_ w r te ... w r ,ti` �`w �- t�t'v {`a a .F.1-41 gry ya c ;7 _y R e {• ' ; s R M a .Y �3 r , v tt a kt � ��7-$ i e R -.4 at „� '3' ,....'« �.ays....=' t`sc ..?_' t.ti ;-`i��} '3r m� !: lrriy€ ?'-'-'+ h∎.rtV t 4 y. ' a'�`-9rn.+�'r � 'i a" gSraT 1' �.,.� '� x't '�.,.`"'*`, xf: -rly s fi '', rark 3°Y.¢ l d { F y♦F •) .a2al {� "��•��(,yam, , !g: 4.- John it Miller's property. > ,- { r x .`,,, l - _ �- ' A-1 logged right up to ,= t , . ..'mod'" � b 1'' 61„,,, , ..3196„.„/x10 -_ .A property line. ♦ q i 1. il 1`r Y� a 'p� l <f 1 i�� `M t .c.0,, x 'rr } ai. : ...5 a :f n� a ]]-Dt= ny�. 'V ,r�� i t 7 g' ' - i. :+:bL4 •=.t P. WI i.''YSi.iti 19'a Y2ti ,,,A4sSLCf ze.{ . .. • r .. ;R x. 9 tom� ", f prq$ .F � x tr.. '€6 , *.:' x, 5 4 X 72; r S} . W W W g� a r. `` mo z'*� ;`- +x, �F c t a� 4 „ 1 } i'{ E-;: ea r# ] . 9 .4 r • ✓ . > 0,• -.,,?4‘4'.:‘,,,,,t,: Oa rT-y :x ",r s '.3 a .t .sz) ' * " � s a ,, < g.:,.r Y cu 4:ja.» ". za�-"- „ t '._ di "� . - -t¢9 ¢ L Rf-- F L ," s �- �— F 'F eK n o s f �' , , _ i' r - ' ,..' _ - i,a t vs., lic4e470.117,0f1„ k;411., 'try Ati,A,tija 4mel-Vi3g1L44;b4k. = 1. 9 V } f F S ; N f i . .Y rt hS � G . r a #` $ . .;1 4 : ' ` . , T a-'' l :ti i� , ° . j' '? ' 4 '+iY f \ ".f..i ik 414 43.t x 1. .: , �`."tsk .yp k fy�Z�� a�,� rb da - " ?v � +;`: ;?. r sx - _{ - SY.. $ ' f _ N 1 • 3 1 ro ';,,t".4-,,,c c`' roe rA ` .rv' �` � 3 - a• r t z€r�,�s'* erx ¢ -e�ti a" ab '. ,y w ' } 44 `-Y -44 _g 3rd 1; ;- Pony Lake before ..4 ti " # logging spring 2013 �.> s if., : •w LA. R Y .;r; -....4.% ` r.0 rr . K ` ' v� i- "e .F 'tom<. ,g ��' ` .dl l ^. 1. fl. s ' �� ; �`` •,4..x ' S '�..�---,..41::::-.:---,i e. 3• Y*r`iR`� _ c t TS ��F� - S +f 1a��"" �.. . .i y • z •.t.*-4 g c **, .;;A: r t,,rat `a 3 r.!;.. "'t �'. 44,-4.C..-. 's' ° `'-' +rtk'g .yy,, w,.y" r "."•;•144.r.04"4/tor"m: - `^"s y� � � lyb 3t,� in � ti {, r„a �° � r�� ':• ;1.41'2.3 s` s .rt` its :! -v. 4;:t^x 14,, r txT «- 1 ,_.,.+ xf x� Y m' fv - ,,, liar ri .M1� ao3��0� x Pony Lake after logging �s `' rR .4• . , grJU. . �y ro Li Nova Javier From: Bud Cassidy Sent: Thursday, October 24, 2013 10:54 AM To: Nova Javier Subject: FW: A-1 proposal to log the Borough 800 Acres at Chiniak Original Message From:jroederer [mailto:jroederer @rochester.rr.com] Sent: Tuesday, October 22, 2013 4:45 PM To:jerrol.friend @kibassembly.org; carol.austerman @kibassembly.org; tuck.bonney @kibassembly.org; aaron.griffin @kibassemblv•org; david.kaplan @kibassembly.org; chris.lynch @kibassembly.org; frankpeterson33 @gmail.com; mel.stephens @kibassembly.org; Bud Cassidy Subject: Re: A-1 proposal to log the Borough 800 Acres at Chiniak Subject: A-1 proposal to log the Borough 800 Acres at Chiniak. To Whom It May Concern: We have recently been informed of the above mentioned proposal by our daughter and son-in-law who live in Chiniak. Several times over the past 10 years we have visited Chiniak and believe it to be an absolutely wonderful place. When we visited last summer we saw the ugly view from their living room window of the hills that had been denuded by the current logging operation. Presently we believe the hills behind the house are being logged so that once beautiful view will be ugly. If logging on a wider scale is to take place the Chiniak area will no longer be beautiful and green but brown and barren. It seems that it will not only harm the wildlife habitat but will also harm recreation and tourism. We live in a beautiful, hilly part of Western New York State and we can't imagine having logging in our area that would take out all of our trees for the sake of profit. It would be a fight. Please consider the people who live in Chiniak and the surrounding area before making your final decision to go ahead with the proposal. Sincerely, John and Sandy Roedere Houghton College Houghton, NY 14744 1 Nova Javier From: Bud Cassidy Sent: Thursday, October 24, 2013 10:55 AM To: Nova Javier Subject: FW: Borough property/Trees - Chiniak - Public Comment From: John Miller [mailto:rotaryrudy©vahoo.com] Sent: Sunday, October 20, 2013 2:02 PM To: ierrol.friend@kibassembly.orq; Bud Cassidy; chris.lynch©kibassembly.org; mel.stephens @kibassembly.orq Cc: rorv.s.bonnev @uscg.mil Subject: Borough property/Trees - Chiniak - Public Comment my understanding is: KIB will be considering logging their property in Chiniak (again). I'm a property owner in Chiniak - Mile 40.5 I can't be there in person to a make a statement: so here it is. • I think KIB was on the right path, attempting to negotiate property swaps, in lieu of timber sales, when the issue of timber on KIB property in Chiniak came up several years ago. That seemed to be the right path, though it would not necessarily preserve the tees. I think KIB should not be in the logging business. (And it shouldn't be in the gravel business either). If the land is "excess" then the land is excess, and should be sold or swapped. Not disposed in incremental units, with the trees being the first to go. Proceeds from the land sale should be cordoned off from the KIB operating budget, and, dedicated to providing public access/recreation facilities serving the entire Borough. It's bad policy to sell a long term investment - land (or trees) - to pay short term operating expenses. If KIB proceeds with selling timber, at minimum, it should, be a competitive process, not a negotiated deal with a single contractor. And, limitations should be in place to avoid the clear cut methods used on adjacent Lesnoi property, by the same contractor. Logging the timber surrounding Chiniak is a foregone conclusion. Questions are: how, how much, whom, and when. My preference, and likely the preference reflected in the in the KIB Comprehensive Plan for Chiniak, is to let undeveloped lands adjacent to the Chiniak community be developed responsibly for residential purposes. That is the community's wishes. To do something else seems in conflict with the Comprehensive Plan. The manner to comply with the community's wishes is to subdivide and sell individual lots, with the new owners making the development decisions. They are best capable of preserving the community's character. Clear cut will not be their approach. KIB planned the subdivision of this parcel years ago. Roy Eckland gave me the proposed plat. Selling the land in one large parcel, will simply facilitate a large owner to clear cut, and, leave Chiniak with yet another eyesore. So, that's not a good option. KIB was on the right path in regards to this excess parcel in Chiniak. Please stay on the path, even though you have reached an apparent need for course adjustment. thanks - John Miller 907 654 3044 2 Nova Javier • From: Bud Cassidy Sent: Thursday, October 24, 2013 10:56 AM To: Peter Hanley Cc: Nova Javier Subject: RE: A-1 Consulting Proposal to Log KIB Chiniak Lands Mr. Hanley Can you bring copies of your letter, I cannot open your attachment. Bud Cassidy, Borough Manager From: Peter Hanley [mailto:pthanley @gci.net] Sent: Tuesday, October 22, 2013 6:34 PM To: Bud Cassidy Subject: A-1 Consulting Proposal to Log KIB Chiniak Lands Dear Mayor Cassidy: I urge you to deny the request by A-1 Consulting to log the KIB's 800 acres in Chiniak to be considered at your October 29, 2013 public meeting. As detailed in the attached letter to KIB Assembly Members (original signed and mailed to KIB Kodiak office) the significant environmental and community impacts from logging will continue and a significant part of what is left of Chiniak's unique Sitka spruce forest will be destroyed if you approve A-1's request. The KIB has other options, as noted in our letter, to receive value from the 800 acres of KIB Chiniak lands while preserving this major part of the remaining Chiniak forest. I look forward to seeing you at the October 29, 2013 meeting. 1 From: Lukens,Mary To: Clerks;Dud Cassidy Subject: Al Timber sales Date: Monday,October 28, 2013 2:57:38 PM Hi, I just wanted to register comments regarding the proposed sale of timber on 800 acres of Borough land in Chiniak to A-1 Logging. I am opposed to this sale of public Borough property. Having just travelled out to Chiniak in the past month, I was shocked at the devastation created by the clear cutting that has already occurred. Chiniak has always been a place to go with friends and family to hike, picnic, fish, hunt and enjoy the many natural sites around the area. This kind of recreation will all but disappear if the clear cutting expands to include more land and the habitat around Chiniak will suffer for it. Not only will the public lose available recreational land but the animals and birds that have long since been part of this area will be hard pressed to find places to roam, roost and nest. Much of the habitat is already destroyed and there is very little area at present that can sustain these displaced creatures. It will take years for the planted trees to again provide shelter and beauty to this area. Again, I would like to voice my opposition to this sale. Thank you, Mary Lukens Kodiak Please forward these comments to all borough assembly members, the mayor and manager. Thank you. October 25, 2013 Dear Kodiak Island Borough members and Mayor, I write to you in regards to the proposed Borough Chiniak land timber sale to A-1 Logging, First of all, I have read other letters from Kodiak residents and my thoughts and opinions mirror those of the others. I would like to think that the Borough has the sensibility to not consider selling these trees but am happy to give my sincere input shared by my wife and son. I can also say any other person who has visited Chiniak with me would also agree with my sentiments, including many non Kodiak friends and extended family. I was born in Kodiak and largely raised out in Chiniak. Growing up between Silver and Twin Creeks beaches made every acre within 20 miles my home and playground. Those years of my life, along with the land, were precious and unforgettable. Never before have I witnessed such desecration of land and precious resources, all due to the recent logging of Lesnoi land by A-1. My wife and I currently own lots 9 and 10 of Us survey#3472 and our property value would surely decrease substantially if the trees in question were logged. Our land is currently recreational and being developed for a possible homestead. Who, including us, is going to want this property if all of Chiniak looks like a war zone?The current logging is already a huge problem for all Chiniak residents, The Borough land is, in a way, our last hope to save this environment which supports so, so much. Those who forget the past are doomed to repeat it. History is filled with people taking a short term"pay off"only to suffer or cause suffering for a long time after Please don't make that mistake. Every tree is part of a vast but very vulnerable habitat. Every one that is chopped down has a negative and non-reversible affect on the animals and people who would choose to use or enjoy that land.As an example, where have all the deer gone? How many eagles nests have fallen?You get the point.The very Sustainability of Chiniak, Kodiak and ALL of its inhabitants, especially on or near your property, is very much in jeopardy and in your control. Recently I took my wife and son out to Sequel Point to enjoy some of the greatest land God has to offer. My heart was simply crushed to see much of the area demolished. Worst of all, no buffer was given to the shoreline and the historic WW2 bunkers located there-Trees were felled that literally had root structures keeping these structures from falling to the rocks and water below. How so very sad it was to see.To me, these areas of dear cutting are like looking at the rubble of a once great building that took hundreds of years to build. Please remember we cant build new trees! I hope my words have helped inform you of the severity of this issue. The residents and environment of Kodiak are depending on your wisdom and integrity. Since -Iy, r , , t aron and Jennifer Bonney fr Oct. 28th, 2013 To: Kodiak Island Borough Mayor, Manager and Borough Assembly Members Re:A-1 Timber Proposal to purchase timber on 800 acres of KIB property To whom it may concern, Thank you for the opportunity to provide comments on the A-1 Timber proposal to purchase the timber on 800 acres of KIB property in Chiniak. I am making comments on behalf of the Kodiak Audubon Society, founded in 1982 and the oldest, most active conservation organization in Kodiak currently with about 100 members.Our mission is to conserve Kodiak's natural ecosystems focusing on birds,other wildlife,and their habitats for the benefit and enjoyment of current and future generations. We are opposed to the sale of timber on the 800 acres of public KIB property in Chiniak and have the following concerns: Public land:There is very little public land along our road system and much of that has been developed.Some public land should be conserved and left undeveloped for future generations.We are not opposed to sustainable uses of public land for low impact recreation and hunting but clear cutting is not a sustainable use. Even if trees are replanted,a human planted tree farm is not the same as a pristine forest that takes hundreds of years to establish. Habitat: The remaining Chiniak forest that has not been logged is an important refuge and habitat for displaced animals and birds from the surrounding deforested area.The 800 acres of KIB would be best left alone as a habitat reserve. A small seabird called a Marbled Murrelet builds its nests in old growth Sitka spruce trees and it is possible that hundreds of them have already been displaced by the clearcutting in the Chiniak area.This species prefers areas of coastal and near coastal old-growth forest.They avoid fragmented and partially developed forest landscapes.The Marbled Murrelet is considered globally endangered,with evidence of decline across its range over the last few decades.The populations in Washington, Oregon and California were listed as threatened in 1992 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service due to concerns about loss of nesting habitat, entanglement in fishing gear and oil spills.The Canadian population was declared, "nationally threatened" in 1990.The status of Alaskan populations is currently under review.This is a difficult task as the habitat of this species is remote,widely spread,and poses challenging and expensive work to assess.The species became a flagship species in efforts to prevent the logging of old-growth forests along the Pacific coast from California to Alaska. Please have some consideration for this imperiled species and others that have already been severely impacted by the clearcutting in Chiniak and the rest of our archipelago. Toxic Chemicals: We understand that A-1 Timber is using chemicals to suppress the regrowth of native plants on the private property they are logging and replanting. Even though this is occurring on private land, the water is a public resource and any contamination of such impacts human health, fish and wildlife.We have the right to know specifically what chemicals are being used,how they are used,where they are used and what permits were issued to use them. Thanks again for the opportunity to comment on this important issue. Sincerely, Stacy Studebaker Stacy Studebaker Kodiak Audubon Society Conservation Committee Chair From: • Bud Cassidy To: Nova Javier Subject: .: FW:A-1 Timber Proposal to the Kodiak Island Borough Date: Monday,October 28,2013 9:02:55 AM II From: John'Sweeney [mailto:JohnSweeney @gci.net] Sent: Monday, October 28, 2013 9:14 AM To: jerrol.friend @kibassembly.org; carol.austerman @kibassembly.org; tuck.bonney @kibassembly.org; aaron.grif In @kibassembly.org; david.kaplan @kibassembly.org; chris.lynch @kibassembly.org; frankpeterson33 @gmail.com; mel.stephens @kibassembly.org; Bud Cassidy Cc: Scott Bonney; 'Nancy B. Sweeney '; 'Tom &Nancy Sweeney' Subject: A-1 Timber Proposal to the Kodiak Island Borough Dear Mr. Mayor and Assembly members, My family owns property on the Chiniak road system located at 3473 Chiniak Drive. We are writing to you to voice our opposition to the proposal by A-1 Timber to the Kodiak Island Borough to purchase and harvest trees from 800 acres of borough land in Chiniak. • We completely respect the rights of property owners to do with their land as they please so long as it is lawful and follows all codes and regulation that may apply. This includes logging of property which you own. The land that is being discussed in not private land it is public land which we all own. Therefore we oppose any logging of this land. One only has to visit the Chiniak area and see firsthand the impact of the logging that is being done now has had on the community out there. You are our elected officials. If the Borough feels that the revenue made off this timber sale is essential then I urge you to find another means to that revenue that will not impact just the residents of Chiniak.` Thank you, John and Nancy Sweeney and Family ! I From: Bud Cassidy To: Nova Javier Subject: FW: Opposition to A-1 Timber Sale Date: Monday,October 28,2013 8:18:04 AM Original Message From:Janice and Norman [mailto:nibot mgci.net1 Sent: Sunday,October 27,2013 11:58 PM To:njbotz@gci.net gci.net Cc:<jerrol.friendcriIkibassembly.org>;<carol.austerman kkibassembly.org>:<tuck.bonney n kibassembly.org>_ <aaron.griffin n kibassembly.org>; <david.kaplan a kibassembly.org>; <chris.lynch n kibassemblv.org>: <frankpeterson33 r@gmail.com>;<mel.stephens@kibassembly.org>; Bud Cassidy Subject: Re: Opposition to A-1 Timber Sale Sent from my iPhone >Salmon and trees and bears.Not every year does Chiniak produce such a bumper crop and catch of salmon. How much effect this 800 acres and Lesnoi's clear cut has on salmon runs I don't know. I can tell you over half the salmon I caught this year were within one mile of the drainages of this 800 acres. Norman Holz. Mile 42 Chiniak F/V Silversword 907-486-0378 • From: Oud Cassidy To: Nova Javier Subject: FW: proposal logging 800 acres at Chiniak Date: Monday,October 28,2013 8:17:28 AM I have a number of these that I will forward to you. Bud Original Message From: McCormicks [mailto'sibyl iiptialaska net] Sent: Monday,October 28,2013 8:08 AM To:jerrol.friend�kibassembly.org;carol.austerman a kibassembly.org: tuck.bonnev riltkibassembly.org: aaron.griffin a kibassembly.org; david.kaplan mkibassembly.org;chris.lynch a kibassembly.org: frankpeterson33 cugmail.com; mel.stephens cr kibassembly.org; Bud Cassidy Subject: RE: proposal logging 800 acres at Chiniak Dear Borough Mayor,Manager,and Assembly. I am writing to add my voice to the opposition of the Kodiak Island Borough selling the timber rights on the 800 acres KIB land to A-1 Timber. Having lived in Chiniak since the summer of 1975, raising my family there and now some of the children raising their family in Chiniak.the Sitka Spruce forest is vital to the lifestyle of those of us who live there,the people of town and also tourists . It provides a habitat for the Sitka black tail deer,rabbits and bear. The streams are spawning grounds for many of the salmon species that draw anglers from all over the world.That doesn't even address the variety of birds that bird watchers also come from all over the world to see.The breathtaking scenery alone is a draw for tourists. Please don't allow the forest to be denuded and deny the people the access to the subsistence the forests and streams allow and beauty this Island can provide by having our forest. Thank you for your consideration, N. McCormick We have lived in Chiniak for 37 years and have used the public land around us for subsistence purposes from berry picking to hunting. There is a diversity of plant and animal life in this last remaining stand of old growth forest that will be destroyed if it is clear cut. Water run off is another concern because of our wet climate. Clear cutting destroys the generation of soil beneath the canopy and is easily washed out. In most places along the creeks out here where the existing clear cutting has occurred there is only one tree line remaining, some areas none. The health and well being of our community depends on this one area that remains of old growth timber. The real economic value of this area is the diversity that comes from old growth. A tree farm is devoid of this diversity. We as a community have suffered the loss of too much logging in such a short time. We fear that to take it all will be socially and spiritually devastating for us as a local community. Please do not approve the A-I proposal to log this beautiful tract of pristine old growth forest. In the end it will be the residents of Chiniak that you will face. A-I will be long gone. Sincerely, Susan Baker Robert Russell Oct. 28th, 2013 To: Kodiak Island Borough Assembly, Manager and Mayor, From: Stacy Studebaker, Kodiak resident Re: A-1 Timber proposal to purchase timber on 800 acres of KIB land in Chiniak,Alaska. Dear KIB Assembly members, KIB Manager,and KIB Mayor, Thank you for the opportunity to comment on this important issue. I am opposed to the sale of public trees on the 800 acres of public land in Chiniak. Very little publicity has been available on the issue and I am grateful to Chiniak resident Scott Bonney for his persistent efforts to keep the public informed. There is so very little public land on our road system that has not already been developed.Some needs to he protected for future generations. Clearcutting is not an acceptable or sustainable use of forestland on public property. Even if trees are replanted afterwards,a human planted tree farm is not the same as a forest that evolves on its own over hundreds of years in concert with native flora and fauna. Several generations of people will not see the regeneration of the old growth forest that has already been removed from Chiniak. Fish and wildlife have already been immeasurably impacted by the current logging practices in Chiniak. It is time to draw the line at his point and preserve what is left on this important parcel of public property.Enough is enough.A-1 has all the timber they need on private land without ruining adjacent borough and state land that should be protected for sustainable uses of recreation, hunting, fish and wildlife habitat,and as an aesthetic buffer for the traumatized residents of Chiniak.Their property has already been disrupted and depreciated enough by what is happening out there. If left alone, the 800 acres will also provide a source of native species that will help in the eventual regeneration of the surrounding area. I would also like to know what chemicals are being used by A-1 and Leisnoi to suppress the regrowth of native flora in areas that have been clear cut and are being replanted.The public has the right to know what chemicals are running off the land and into fresh water streams, rivers and eventually into the ocean water.What permits were required for the use of these chemicals? How are they applied?Where exactly are they applied? Everything is connected in that ecosystem and even if the chemicals, herbicides or what have you are being applied to private property,they will impact public resources. In closing, clearcutting and selling the public's trees on this 800 acres of borough land in Chiniak is not a wise use of this valuable public property. Sincerely, Stacy Studebaker P.O. Box 970 Kodiak.AK 99615 October 28, 2013 Dear Jerrol Friend and the Kodiak Island Borough, Since the 1960's, my family has been enjoying vacations at our cabin out at Chiniak, Mile #41, lot 12. It is always good to be back in Kodiak to appreciate the beautiful scenery. I am troubled by what I am learning is happening there. My family and I were there two years ago and were even then concerned about the amount of logging that had taken place. Now, to hear that even more of these majestic trees may be removed, right up to our property line, is shocking. I can't understand why you are allowing this. Are you representing the interests of all the people of Kodiak and Chiniak? I'm sure you realize what the environment of Chiniak does for people, families and the ecosystem. When we are there, we appreciate the creation God has made, and this brings us back to what is important in life. We bring our kids there to take this all in and to create memories for them. I cannot understand why you and the Borough would consider taking this away and seriously jeopardizing the delicate balance of the local environment. Are you remembering that according to Alaska State law, "Forest land shall be administered...in a manner that best provides for the present needs and preserves future options of the people of the state"? And that "Allowance shall be made for important fish and wildlife habitat and for scenic in or adjacent to areas of substantial importance to tourism and recreational industry"? If you really need to make money, you could advertise for tourism out there and have a long-term income without having to destroy anything. From your fellow classmate, Lori (Weisser) Fekkes From: rlaudia To: clerks Subject: FW:comments re:Al timber sale Date: Tuesday,October 29,2013 7:16:21 AM From: claudiaa.ak @hotmail.com To: clerks @kodiak.us; claudiaa.ak @hotmail.com; tidepoolak @ak.net Subject: comments re: Al timber sale Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2013 07:14:21 -0800 Please pass these comments on to the Assembly and Mayor. Thank you. To: Kodiak Island Borough Mayor, Manager and Borough Assembly Members Re:A-1 Timber Proposal to purchase timber on BOO acres of KIB property To whom it may concern, Thank you for the opportunity to provide comments on the A-1 Timber proposal to purchase the timber on 800 acres of KIB property in Chiniak. I do not support selling the timber on this parcel. I whole heartedly supported the plan to negotiate a trade with Leisnoi, Inc., especially to trade for Termination Point with both habitat and recreation opportunity fora) Kodiak citizens. However, to just sell off more timber in Chiniak is a bad idea for several reasons. 1)The Chiniak Comprehensive Plan adopted by the Borough says under the Economy section that the policy will be to maintain fish and wildlife habitat. The Chiniak area has already been greatly and adversely impacted by logging. 2) Al has been using toxic chemicals in an attempt to encourage regrowth. 3) Al drove trucks at night on our roads during the spring when road weight restrictions were in place. If it was economically necessary in the short term before, why would it be any different now? 4) Some cuts in Chiniak are 10 years old. What do they look like now? It is neither pretty nor successful.There is no reason, no new scientific protecol, to think that this Kodiak 800 acres will fare any better. Thank you for your consideration. Claudia Anderson 486-3673 claudiaa.ak @hotmail.com From: Bud Cassidy To: Nova Javier Subject: FW:Opposition to A-1 Timber Sale Date: Tuesday,October 29,2013 8:19:01 AM Original Message From: Janice and Norman [mailto:njbotzTgci.net] Sent: Tuesday,October 29,2013 3:36 AM To: njbotz@gci.net gci.net Cc: <jerrol.friendnkibassembly.org>:<auol.austerman o kibassembly.org>; <tuck.bonneyakibassembly.org>; <aaron.urillin cukibassembly.org>;<david.kaplanakibassembly.org>;<chris.lynch cnkibassembly.org>: <frankpeterson33 @gmail.com>;<mel.stephens o kibassembly.org>; Bud Cassidy Subject: Re: Opposition to A-I Timber Sale Chiniak creek is Sent from my iPhone On Oct 27.2013,at I I:57 PM.Janice and Norman<njbotza gci.net>wrote: > Sent from my iPhone >>Salmon and trees and bears.Not every year does Chiniak produce such a bumper crop and catch of salmon. Flow much effect this 800 acres and I.esnoi's clear cut has on salmon runs I don't know. I can tell you over half the salmon I caught this year were within one mile of the drainages of this 800 acres. >Norman Botz > Mile 42 Chiniak >F/V Silversword >907-486-0378 Kodiak Island Borough Assembly Tuesday, October 29, 2013 October 29, 2013 Dear Assembly Members; Thank you for the opportunity to provide comments on the newly proposed logging operation on the 800 acres of public land at Chiniak. Many residents of the area have provided you with personal-perspectives and impact- comments regarding that proposed logging. Encounters and discussions with some of these folks clearly emphasizes their frustrating and escalating concerns at trying to protect their homes and property; they're extremely outspoken about both the reality of emotional and economic degradation to their cherished domiciles. The visual display of recent logging activities on adjacent private lands is a vivid image these folks absorb daily as they evaluate what is being proposed for their area. Most troubling is that this proposed logging would occur on a residual parcel of public land currently buffering logged-over private land from many residents'private domiciles. Added consternation occurs when the borough, their representative regulatory body, seems `bent'towards advocacy of this proposed operation. Perceptually, if not actually, a clear understanding and persuasive discussion as to the critical need for this proposed logging operation on diminishing forested public land on Kodiak's road system has been lacking. Hopefully, the meeting on Tuesday evening, 10/29, will stimulate an open-minded exchange of pertinent information on this issue; as commonly experienced, deliberatory/regulatory action on land-use issues will usually yield legacy-type decisions for a community. Thank you for your time and effort for serving on the Borough Assembly. Larry Malloy Property owner at Chiniak; (near-daily resident of that property.) 37273 Chiniak Highway Kodiak, Alaska kodiakmallo ahotmail.con; (907) 942-2221 (907) 486-4251 Chiniak Timber Sale A Proposal to the Borough Assembly The Presentations Purpose • To Introduce Our Company • Explain Our Operation • To Describe The Timber Resource • Discuss Issues And Resolutions • Introduce Forest Economics • Justification For A Timber Sale • Propose A Harvest Area For Discussion • To Have The Assembly Make A Motion To Move Forward With The Sale Of Timber Under The Guidance Of KIB Code And Policies Of The 2008 Comprehensive Plan. Who is A- 1 Timber Consultants i� � e w"K ' c i i l t ; q-' „ � ,,4._.. . a r ' } Jr " -4-4,,-;•,`i y ;ae ..a 44, ` . 2- ta - f ,' / • .,d' i i VI:"--.., Yr. c'Fsn �. - , ' ':3l' . . �:. y ' J c i k z 1 n < .i x Y t - c- r r r et, �1 a p 0A-1 Timber Consultants Inc. is a Washington State Corporation having both extensive timber harvesting experience as well as professional forestry experience. • We have over ninety years of combined timber harvesting and forestry experience. • We have Received Weyerhaeuser Contractor Safety, Quality, And Efficiency Award 5 Times. • We have the ability and experience to take a sale from inception to conclusion, all to Alaska Forest Resources & Practices Standards. A- 1's Kodiak History • We mobilized to Kodiak in June of 2010 at a cost of $750,000. • Before we could begin shipping operations, we had to verify water depth at the dock with a bathymetric survey followed by dredging at a cost of $ 120,000. • We started harvesting timber in July of 2010. Production started at 11 MMbf and has ramped up to 29 MMbf annual production . • continued • We support DOT with maintenance assistance on the gravel section of the highway at a cost of approximately $400,000 to date for time and materials. This is for snow removal and patching. • We support the USDA Early Detection and Rapid Response Project which monitors for invasive insects. • We support the Alaska Department of Fish & Game with a $22,000 in kind contribution to sample streams in the Chiniak Area . • We support the local FFA program . • We have made donations to other local and state programs. Economic Contribution to Kodiak • A-1's direct financial contribution to the Kodiak economy ranges between $10.5 and $ 13 million dollars depending on production . • This year we estimate that we will be close to the $13 million dollars. • $450,000 dollars of this goes to the hiring of Stevedoring Services which employs a 17 person crew that come from the villages of Port Lions, Ouzinkie and Old Harbor. • Tax revenue to the Borough is estimated at $65,000 dollars. Harvesting & Road Construction Operations Al Timber, Kodiak, AK • Fully Mechanized- Advantages — Resource Utilization Efficiency — Safety — Cost Structure & Productivity • Disadvantages — High capitalization costs — Reliance on highly skilled operators, enhanced maintenance programs Cutting a lc � .r AP a 'iF 4 ^�„'F'A CK.A:y t6 P i .a4 t Aet; \&'4r ,i - I .Tz C4 '1___■'' .�,� \t B t� Y 21'7 fit Nkt 'St's,A 5.Ap i`yTS f £j i 4 r . ,t y, 7 �" m ,33.- t 0-1 yP ,��,.:�' 8 � --.�3 Jt :aka Vt"�. .#K"A s r' r -, l''-"r5r rt,:.q°fep;4°. r, . _�,,�� ,",! `Rr7 4143 a `y �^c--,,,, t F_ # _�'sf Kitty,z�r 4 s�;nu't 1, '�.fl 4 .f. F Y L E1AiN—tio t t �''' ..s .e'°*' $2 4 y -�;+ 2 � / /y�tl.vY�w ..r 3 8440-4"iffj i `�.1 >t -ire,' .t }K .7� t 'Y�, Sf l+ro'�`X ��;, rt f tykte s' ..x -✓ h i vim, a it f.I .,.' °4 �4v4.G^ S ' `M ,, `t i € % m t , (p ,,l C1 l t +t p Gl a '4''°: a .,. a^ L 'Y 3 4 � }rYY 4 H x".�� pia.-, i - S4 4S 1 A,o- % o-- �wr_ , 6 snt t e 1 1{ 1x '�•rt,"' ,g�' '. k d, tt vl iywr, 4 ty y 'd' y rici,4%1j1�.L..?"- Er' d'r*G T,M„ t }i"a` rG r frvt^ §��,{y - ',J �a'k`"'r� r°Y+ ,y`L }3` . t xAZ 3 f � ._ �,�vF�,F.,.4 17'3 F 5 /*44 `" fr. 9 t 0. , ,, , .HI M 4<3 z f+'Yf .,, L-. 4'Ja.Lt4 f E 7,D E J W. e, °�` • h , :t'", ?a - �3: a,. r- K = t,r. yF �" ;1...i'}44e, ..uW� L.�. FFF^^^.WWW��,„ . �3 1� '- !s- 4-:,;,40,41- 4r3h aii„ _ k s�`5. i Yob 4 Y_i 're's(,, A 'F V k a n t- 2 Fi,1 � °4^ :: 'P`t'"' -s'�,..t" 4Tm' }i r4'`b ;;: a;r0 V d ', tr, +. , ' s ,, �, \ ' xyi:,c'4C+a' -'0 A�'w'r 'j, ?Y f�4 *' ,`.. —.,e':" k 1`f t k, v {U a t' -Y� 0 ,^`�, y `"'t'` c e '+.�� //,,.�;7y*S$^4,--!•:, S r Y t r*- t1y ,, e. ' ' uiG 4 .,:i r e�7m «tR < d , :.a. 4#ti,� t, >'K..i i'"r�"a� :l�.+sF` 1 t{ ....tf?'is '.'•�' !Lb, oF� " 't ft Jt t"L*I' �kl,(t1�'sy" #wet ,,e�: ! *"'. u v4 91-'7 i,rilbe A4 ;14 t ...."` 'S.'' t �` ' ' a ! � �?. � i 4 5"413, QTY tt � i't tT.:;� � � .,i, i... 5 , , t leo" irt:P t a sk ;.t# 4 : va ' Z , ° i , r 2 t, �r .•i kryJ f 3ti '\t"5, 'aL Sq1` ,, a / x E .fr t, md. �. r, r,,. • > t 'Y*.n a( 5 F�, 4571 ° 'tt 4k A k, �5. �b}� V t z mk.�r.�N x,ik(yWy.9 ). ,� J 5f ./l r " �' kL 5 ,{ 5Jv'3� 4 5 4�sg:6 F '7-(i f4 i}� Y }"',.ii is ! "1 !t k Q l � y , 1 C s',...ea 1 t, t,ti ,4t4' I I `�4 �g � y+fjr�.,t '4� kf^f 5 (� k M1° � A 'I3;.�i ti;� d1g}},4ft- `L� iNy1 � .,,, ..,./ ,1 spp�yy 'p+ „� , r'p l7 ,,,uI1� �,Na,g . h t �i _�nF�v..1"" iZ} art\ tfr.hd J J li !C W Y `£ "h w Y{r -!•{Fx,A.1{ i YT r k 1 .•e $h1^ r� . 4 ) a +4. F i a s Aa , ¢ t ` gp F 1 a ti1`L 7 f + M'm fT F * Yewf r,_ '}' - s; y F y d,y > y p`,,Ar 'r d e$ i -:„:7:1-1,+ f t $ I • y-,: t,.#0 i-,fra pizt , - .,;1, f -,"f - ! A y 7"41 CArili4. l.,i c %yt- q ,' a i ti,' � :aR ky' 3 ; • ,i&'if i rf v c A 'tAN' 2ki A J y Tax`j ' 11 rf• 4 r,.) p ,, -,-;: 4.1. 1$r f5� xA ;. +z giA j `-� Asa y ;,"y' ,i , w x, 'f."4141/4:1-0.7-1/411'.., k v:r : _t]dJ :✓V...1' '`r, y4d- ' {r ` "¢ ti ` � ?///��,,, r- 5 Y .�a . 9�Fx Jt$.,ttr ie )it.,m ask Road Construction • Modified natural sub-grade with rock fill overlay. • Sub-grade is puncheoned before rock is applied . This helps control amount of rock used per station of road . • Water crossing structures (i .e. culverts/bridges) are used where necessary. • This type of road construction develops a road surface profile that is higher than the surrounding ground and aids in surface water management. • Properly maintained this will reduce sediment runoff. er,.-,_7,,,„,7,. ,1Q.-,:,?..--,,•-yi tc.E.? ,AV;fl-n-t-lt;I. ,÷4114.iteulk..“-cze;,.t.t.rko,-r--.A it, y-ti ' . *, A14.' .÷r...-51:11. 2-z. )3.‘1:•^.-'ft...c.:4,J,::: r Ve,7::111,Vettit'LWA3 .,,s, - -'Vs.,;Sit .. '11 I'''114"4 ,:,;This,, :7 (v.r?47;ts:".vt-rai riTaot ,...-1:.„?. ,74:t4tetz.-:,::;,-r?ii,- ,41,-*>,x,szn, ,out, c ky..•:,4,ej" ii.1.:ri:eii.A.L.--vr:41":€31(,),344,1.tt)tsl`ss,"494,sti.,Vs;$21.--Jcst,"°%/4 "in',3.elVkir4-Cstjr:rt-iiiics.4.`...i.":"-t .4; €4,441.--.'s•c irests*cf t4II:nririC.1,5c-±-t7i---, ..-1414.--.4.4s-kicipts-4-44/. si Wi % :, i"lift3c■'CW,r4e: r'''i 014'",'41%, ,.•:-NI,,,,,', /.144te,,,,„4t, fr I nic4 Ct*Xt.:4Klirit‘Pliskiir t*S74., Ilet(Thl 1.4s'l I I Sli' .7.:-'41,?1■.*:b4.4(43,""*".',,4 '' '41.444t.eartn2t el-•-.'N.StgA77,. '1/4W‘ tri;ti?' 401Y:".V:044111.-.9:4: - >4$V4. '44'11chneter94,, -1,,,,,,,;,belfio,a4ctie:',./ C411'),,,Z-4410Ar St. ' .tils4.4"te":4.41".,,.‘i•4.1:,cf s, '',.4.. Th,:ttt:Ti.":1‘;', liWifr.,,,.."-ez`.47itfg,.(14:41C7:..^,,ht.i■ -I '‘r...1`1,,:ssisn",',..ek.v1,4"41:1 • -.1.---% % :eft!'.!,,,• ,r3t.e. ttsp.4•4.-.t.:,,:rcii-v,::101, W5:Attli*Zag::t;:ariSin,1‘ 4.;'ailiP., Attfrgeo..-1/44,4Xr:igt.,Lics.f$1;q4,:tti li44?;7.3 •LArt.:,,trAr,...14.21.4-e%Wic3,;'?;:it,314;“1:44,AIS'i-ei ,.' 44)1'1*,,,,P.6.7%C,,,r,...,tr,',W40.14 ,n,1,, .4 f•b.,10:,,,,.: r:-,tel: 4.,..‘t Z'rei : 1,P4',`,,,d ,,q. ..:t , i 4.i.j. t"...,*;■ 's • ": _ ... / -,,,,f..x.3 Ste;1 ? ' 7 -;?--(5,q7:14---' r-4,,,.. "'...',, :t•'?" t'a 4,4 (4S:1:Vt.i. .1'. v "r;t1:•‘14.;:.t.'.11,t'' ' 5'. '444'11.,,, .' ‘,„Irr,,,,i: 4.`:,?1/4 , :,- 4.-, t �` „ _d�" fit-•#'` r r �*4 i1. .n < .l a F [ sit lc -+ 9 '• 4 �,.".' +� ,� - w`'x 4 T a • 2x^ +rW.r�Y` .+ e z '� +'- < Jet a ` ,� �r 'r` e+ : `&t' s; s e +% C' LtiT H} N-�. 'n � ii /,2' tai� � r � �+� K f IV __,..I, � 7 t Lb.Jq `'w� "t ir_-.:fir,w, �R. i '�d'tt i+ F "�"� 3 .• t'1 ja,411 �4ia a -r y p� �Zia+,..,ki {y y v ¢ 'k'y,�`r�c %; g ' . .r 4, � • t 16^> � � . 45' .�} ,i- +';{ 'k9 14,µ4 E 'F )� .s,',`� ,_ 1 �" Yom) yI T k�R T Y° mp.",+:,t y elt_ >i a'v ^+�'ry # S's ,� 'n tom' TM 7 '��.. *s r ,:w,y , s ,yi%i� , ,� "..± �� 4 ' ��'ION. 'G�r x r- 4r t`�yy i. ,� ...1 1* ' . Fa'S-:: l'�Y' ,> r t r L'21411.°54-8,,t,-1.s _ l - R.X '� ;m`i•4A\ ;' of r ,Y �'J"�r-�,, tk3 �i Ui '�,r 3 ^'. err-y�a ♦4. <,P i-J41-E C � 9r Ctv' r < ">i�'?'. � : -�5.1. C. tclt ':h F,: t r , �'�dw� SF .aX Tr - "N ik, k�?Ts�/P"Pea*A2/' 1/44.1;‘c LC`I'in Y"y 1R5 U��c•" '-.i L_,gs�� 1' ft y'tt"f,. �`x y s' r Lt e;�,247 �Y x t + k G NSF"; n . .k. ,,,,,,tit 1 • . .74.,`. 4,7 1 ' le,'• tV_ , 2., �µ�'M �, �; I ief � Yyx i 4 s:ii y, 4 i4,1 y' }* � `.„: am.,A,,~ � , ifiti ' ,�`.s'' .TMs, } ' ;` �`. •^ . 0 r ..,.�1�$('..(�i- flkT y}p r,,{fi "tp +.,�4 • \ @}'•t%N�r'• p7 �M,' . v tom' .��} �E” 4i tai' fi 4. J :ia"Y'�i' .f'',it. 34.x. K'.,;'�:`: el a.'°4t•.. a'sC t-'Sx...;. 4 4 } ue ".- t >#� ; 'sr a , ,. + I 4-:-.,, '3 +x wrez , , ,: }30t �. C i t I x„ L..'C �' �U Irfl `^„} n+..,-,,,T,it l $, ", a lk ..it r 3 ic ;yyb a �"* aw A } g z 41"t" i94<j{ r , '.• .9u;{ c 1� % y ® 44 4 ' =t .. .: ts, o s a . E tP4t -,'" .r , � i• , > 't ` }1$ “ ' `" `^G%k r : 1,'.14 =+� r " ` a.. N T I' `_r t ly ..x' ".M ' n 1 ' ,�r H „„;_t 1 r ` R ..�,>�a.� Q fi{ "4 .4 Y° 1� 41-'6,.9 6` r.ISy: I+ Ti.. ✓. w+ $ ,,1,.r e+ a e r 'C yw�y,,, 5.k ti. q .s''-"s. i . h� ,.^ t :. ° " +`t 'fib a(r:„0.}, 4i,tt St,i,,5 Rock Pits By far the most "permanent" alteration of the landscape resulting from harvesting operations. Mitigation of the "footprint" involves some reclamation work, contour the pit with the overburden. Timber Forwarding (Shovel Logging) • Shovels forward full length trees to the roadsides and deck them for processing into log lengths. • Trees are accumulated into decks and staged approximately 50' from the road . • The Log Processors deck the manufactured logs at roadside, length sorted, facilitating more efficient loading. • Biomass not utilized as logs is stacked for future utilization or burned to create more planting spots. , ii,..gp.f ..,p,,v.. ..;;;„4-4.41,:i-mkt -,_sitszi?.....,,, ,,,,:ii,yec:a. :siettL) : ., tt.svi. is 4, ok 00 it /,‘ or ro ii 0445 fittlezat-h•4. s, :'�h S Y + �}°',i h &at le .4 MY„k�' is .4 i - b 3 f `x 4x•s. L. ��:- 4N.-g 4 .r.e� . f 7e-42::4T 4.',. if Z .""¢ � s S0p' '4 ..44 F 4-7., u'l'. !. �k^, ,.' .3 r1t� - . a�w�. Vie* +� r .'...^`^ '$ �? d 7"ti. "•§SF�,tt, +-3 ��t/F /3I�� '..�s�(Tr ` '3 +Ti ILl M as ,n ,ASS `'' *, IC+ 1%,..„wr 4 �! d,,, Py ads, y✓ W$}'1'g 'Z� k Y' ...... "3 i �{P 'Y S fl�y��t ^'ak+�"4� � 7-r., �: _5� '.4.'+r,,. at '� 8 4µ-4W 'nom ` ' ' �` f' f-K "' •.,�ip(r. 'O "1 "}' ' rY s 'S 5 Yet; '. '! F "a,•14-,9t.".(.R;;-+t•$y(` ' �+. iri ti e 4� {} -, ., y J v `"�\1rY t 4th 47 �Y_r., „rosic-it 'rice- i:,., -'a.,' e q:;'t' /-. L•f� •: �$ hP N"' �.4'�':l..te'�+��-'-+,:� S !�Ti3�° S#-' tii4T * 7 a .,, 4. yy Ail ',Vert);,,{7 .r:.• ' 'rx .)4452 r4p* '� a\�. n1 a\ wa s �R^ . n i) PY t f .4rlis% 1V�+ �' .��o • �s��o S h y+:-.,,,„.c..,4„,,, .� xn .1:k;',-k:'mr, y Y Y, t Yl�. • of ,;P Ya ."4•011'."47to v—ti z ,},y '111.;.;r°144 Lr'R tk^ r + « 1'. 5. apv .f,Atµt�y " ,tkt . # s 5 y d /, a^1 ii--, f � d \ rV YC,ta l ld• 9-. ' s,C'.F'tl k k�. l . ic-� Fe d* '. iA.Y{ i /��G& �� ,� k�ry�C548sfifi �I yi + ti,:wg i c r ".'f a t 4 23a w ``,r.F �.,:.:1214,1:�i do 4134,y� Q" '. M y 1\ 1 ,:4 Yt.d., r,n 9t dd 7y,7 ,.im;, 'a.f• Log Processing • Whole Tree Processors de-limb and manufacture logs from trees in a "single grip". • It is much more efficient than "hand" manufacturing producing a higher quality product. • The disadvantage is that Log Processor Operators are a highly specialized class of people and good ones are hard to find . They have to be skilled equipment operators, technically competent and "coachable". + �x a s"a1fa.'' 'tea d"' ?-,71 a* . ly fa'F $1 ,17 i b si ' � /' j^r_i', ws -, In Y'4.n'�' s't-'�s� r7 5 0��{{{'yyytlll.```��'x? i.'ti7,; •k 5'Y 4 � � f YP R + v,,,, i .A, a r /F �.I �'R 5♦ -fir:., ' t C t Fty ,■ :' t1�,° ,� .x, pia/L.1,, I CP EY s ., f Ate'* si iris ^l • fib vrt r1 s. u � e s f .cf 51a t 411 r 1if - . If i F X T - 71::^4 ; +r =41141,4 �" , ti r IT, 441 0.4 $ fit.4iIt.t,,:/rr s 9.1 01414',0 '� tli ( AA 1 *i r ?4? ti S r0,1 i P. � A m . *flail fit'la If't,' a_r_s......-. . • f., -' , ,,,„Ifir,,,,,,.$dpo's ;4.H"-1,4;'-' L ' ' ° ' '4;-.'--44,-.1/4 wt.,ut '..4-lity'?,tio,:t4(1,4„.tazt,•?. .---- ' ,-,-.4.:"-r°- ' c.--:' 1 - ,...,,v-s,.,:,: •' ;”-^4-- 5,11.0<—:47.,,,-:it:r-...t-isi-c. .rst-Thoiy-brs ..,:„. ... , 4,„4-c•-44.4t.s5=;;;;;-.2-,,--;:,1,tiv.4i1.4‘..,.. I I/ t...„..„5,-„:...,3,4,4,---1-_ ...5,-40-• h 't 4 :*.t„ .7,,,, s. ,,inV(c M $MV.'t4:: 11.1/4e. " 4:ti• ;. 4i5C‘I ,, .“141.. --ri'14. )1c P t44.„,kc'F.I're. 4 . -' •''' ■ h f li -..;:,,-41:.., ' '"" 1 l''WI., -7--r-7=-H•t.skri't# •-.14- 1----41.';$1-,?484:34C.1. -_,,Awcpit4ti.:14 ;t2s,". :N1;114,1/4*‘-,*9'17. ) .‘ - .,4:. t_:•::-.:;:fv--lift.-*-<-,:_f„,d., .-i-pgisef,(t4 ...* '',4',, : '4 l'r.;',4.2, - fa tr:AN, 'y '7 ''le ,Xit1/2.q.-t1/27•-• . , fil. ; 1/2 ' .1,••1/2 4;1;4 '7'4'1/21-vt-t ,-Actoi1/2°'''<4,741/2.41.4C1/2 ii,;• .‘•is,.'1 ii•I‘t ' if1/2:• -15.14t1JZ..::,•.---+At....7p-,-rmir=4-44•9- - .or,, tr,:fc-, -crii.:,,--:$4.- „, I; 41: -. laG.r.tr7-#4,:it.eq4:4'; -: - -ii-WI'dr:att.re'4'47,h;,)it.trrill*4.10: 51:1 ,...ti'.4'.1 / - ,fr. ..fic4,-;o:,, it::: -::ti„..:1,4 iii•itts-tic, :Ric; . ,.. \-.44, ,s„q'-..s:-,r, 44:•!•04,4•;•, k -frivi3L1,1*.•,..,t..,:,,k r1:4.-9,14,4-v.,4x;.:41, , •1 -.2,,sp,-.• -1..z,c,,x1::.7k- ;+1":-'4,:c4.7.-Ji ' ,..„4. "4,„,„,,, ,,A ...,tt, - :, _A, - P k II 1 t. 5£"-4 i{ f4 9 I (,y 9Y b4 , a y, hj P ! Y Ip� y fit. . fit} ,. n)l ^f : tl 5s 1 W p � �� to-':on, r.+ rK� < 'l'C �'ti111 ,,+I T ' , .R ittir ' 7g.,,, !-S. rit "ij�.d�4 ��,"�1 fit '; "� i,w r r 4k r 1 �* �.}� A. ^ye pa�7s.\<0i 411—Sit:}{ VA t R ! y ..trwidaki tit:4i 41„44'? i, f' 4C, ? V r ('at Y r 3 1 . 'kid , sift �� ,,er. c ,L ll; �) r - 4;14, taiters,t,-44 Alte ,,....4„,:cittio.froithur.___it,tm.:, :ti,:i : tiltik tit '� , . 4y -..... x 4,,,a-# L5 PJ0 4 p , 5fr > F�� i� , : , � .}L 76dt c'gA1 � .yr } J f 'v i ' IX/. r ' t�'` tiv Ar/ Pry M4. +r v.,-,"...0,'"4-- i F , A'Ptik L"JT+ nyJt - r w+.t r5 \ fiRYE u+,if t l* t4,0..4 e. 4 £-4,1 fgts y to 4' 4 ry� 1{ , ...4 a �' r� b� *rv.j r{/r 0 , d may, oh It f 'kA �aivx �5:A. ti r � gv ^ tr 4, t AS ra sp o 4y din espy;� i ii } : t7e:, \tqy ;' �}4v� , a„ l� � �Rr l �c It i .wa . r,,°, as :;NK -rit. C. T'r ' ' i+z ft {^ f x t t r r , l`��a �`} , A r ��P` � ��.t °�^ �� "+d�-�-"'�'`; of /1 � � '� � � � e ;I� `vim ' t N Yj� o } € \ � w.��ti•C�v7 �'„eF� � � Yl . ' Lp i t1 �nr �„sY .fk' 3A4 1 1 .c i y d i r y�. • P X71, ." ��` °s ^ 4 -6 �'r �' 17� � $ i e o' 1 aIi'v ir, 1 kr �. 'L•a � l Y • Log Loading (Woods ) • Done by a shovel ( hydraulic log loader). • This is the last quality inspection point in the process before the log is presented for Scaling (the volume, value and identification process) . • They are responsible to load each truck to the maximum allowable weight (depending on road conditions) and in such a way so the load can be scaled . • Each load receives a receipt, bill of lading, (a load "ticket") that allows for tracking such as payment to the driver. '"' ff+' 4a y�, E t e .F sx t i 'd w 5� bar ?.'. „, �` ',,,, - � "�J€'. t �", `,4 �' `,�d. ads - $a x � '" ;.. ,, srt '' �s ,'gib* f'" ;t ii ,i-"z" .' 4ai,�'S a-Jr.!! . ` *. 10.: ry i li , 0 kv r .."'�. rlZ�`w w�t.;':5'!'_Y'"`x n':::"m:'•.( ene CL^d,i��SY.�,.. . 3 :Xi"� ».n Y74+�Pi pp y ,e.rR ,„"" X _ 4 AY fj 1 Yi` Tefi- `. rf ": { ,,,H-`.:4 44 -441/%4:4k, r Ass t 41-. .K g.rk. i p a 4 i(l x r °a n fi.sr r, rSd Pw -t#07-''4,-q"i f.4. 4? .e 2 ' �� /A Yet la4�_Y �its4 ,��33 Y l 1 - r'''. 7 `u.._ T� v+ !„ .y a 1.4. 1-dt"-y.:}^ . r _tit x`W .,h` ( jf t!� ti� 4 �`t k h-%S.R.! A �4'. 3 @ �u _ i+2 -w• f �` -41::.;44 ...,46,,,...5".**,r'a - . r r✓ A\ °''z+ �n:'.�3. 61 1 y 1 � ? d kp 1 i.�y � , . wx'rs'`•`*zjl.A �1:,. �F ,s >x ra .. 'May , RGS7 d • V } r� L' + idt ,hl , m-r -r tE,tra xr ./,, tiffs "> ` 4 G: "46 i �L.r.flYS? § 1:4: tts :k4t.' 'q,C.r g 'Y ;"rf�iy"`., .--{,eir+'a v " .+a ` €,t'a t"a,� .4,C �,° c s,yk.,' "1'`Fi"` �.."c il! iris 3....e a "'.a� yxt Mz , �, ',vG 5trs.4, e �,,,,, '3 a�! a kL a k'i;2E"L Y+r S^r"'w` 4 b xf �nx. 5. .x✓..F r`%t LS 'ia+m �.n.\ti >^:.'is-aiA,�-g4. - r zit St i. � ....1 7"�� «t1 ! fib, e. -47...,; -!, ,1 n 1• fix + ts• ' sit A�a su y 4 �� v 'SF l ii ,i i 4 rk 4, � {yR +� �s r ,,. t..._...,..e..4),,E _.,a> 's '��`4 tom ;`fitu�..4 � 1 u � ry ,/ r. " Y k r:..i iPj W i�,f� 1 s.,„..,''n r ,•L itt tx y 'S � � Tf.I'.F i tcl� ® 4111 � tr b$L l ��, fi�wp ' FH t ) V .7 1111*,f-401,4." " d (�,(� dry," -p qtr, i yy° Y 4 . )' Y}L'K✓i M4 (1 ,..-- � c‘:.... 7fiAak}1:Asyri 4tA ,ik e �ti FILE ' /-cr r4 > fA �a f >'^"1,r'1 it 'j: d d4• Y•1 1 n )�s n ? � n y,� Y;1;'''' A .S t f' YYr .u'1 Tw ' k - . ?w 1 c� ` 1d t Ifil 's: 0::a ra a, ,fly •'':Y�ct yOtniit S F% .S` i. ,,,,„:„„:,• • .,IFS uF�4;.. IcIPA.titrqz1 ,,,,, , .t...ra yY Ia S. b ? . ."'• .. ft } k f � p { 1 4 ' a , r 1'ld . i ;trim--'"arl �+ i 4 e�� J c� �Kx # 0Y 1 r ,i n ':41;,* , J r 1 .,{� ( l •yf� i .5�; {+ s lF R v.u.— L +y !j�T . b 'rµ / F 3 r ,h ! d�ti Y r, , �.'�Vrcl $ <r 1 t>"}1r, fir d ".. y/p yx l ..3' 0 . T 'iY ! .F - P 3 s, .rr2". 8041/21344".A.' 0 .,x se e pj" .4 5, f � , r t r>, II', S �, `s ��g+8 x .:' ?:vfot,'''' -.6 " C3 - /4 - Pt*.i' rik41 it" ^Y t r J�}~ .AT s MSP N yzt , 6,� 1� '. • g may tg,Na t.4.4..,,,,--.4-3?"..,.. —' r ? ,45; 2 .243 'x" , " .4,--:,,: -,t,, _ to r '7,13 o-`` --- e 1 I k II I ®(f re.-tivi:r.,-.2pi I,,„,lait..- .AF,j41*.L,, 1 454.t.t4i1 = ' r i- ; x , €> y * ��P i't, ;;i r a ::40.1.‘ L t ' 3e ,07„11-4 4 9 taV 'C.Z '- 3 4> , a - ;0 it P434 h'xfr mss,.,• "'.a 1 sr ' l _.• 4. Iti.ko _mss fi t^ s & [ .x ,w e.t. "aS. a r tt 1x 41" X5 4 k 4 /Cr wry: o r J a {v e JCL A. 2:=, j,r 'h �' c .. ' y , r ^, .y k" Z � , r °t"' ` " VAirli>R ; te r ,,oI .- * x ye ro k± � !Jt : s "aM.✓' . 3 t . 6.5 : .;Lit.-L .. ..w 0 ry. Yoder • Modified Hydraulic Shovel with two cable drums that functions as a small "yarder". • Designed to harvest trees from forest areas not accessible by ground based equipment. • Trees are pulled from the steep areas and decked for later forwarding to the road side. • Often reduces the amount of road needed to harvest an area . ..= a�.a h � Nr'i•: it::".41^ -*""X'br tkp � �r .a > t� 9rt ltt t t dt are a r f ,Si.— t • SC Ft i + Ij �• _• ' 7, .mto- V"F "fit-,*'1 F'4 , ��{1,, `cl it'd.! , ,� R� ,iv�.4 y tt "$ 35 i Akre `t ky µ t4 'S 1 t 17 `, fl 'py?. ', li �_ 'W," `'4V 1 ?�"cr .b k a°� ti 114`..4:441' t -�Ii�(jjli L �d .�e rya✓" q}"'Y}^ y i $ "t 3 7+ r X t't n r F .. AAA>.I t - (( ,� r a t F ii 1 .t s .� e , r (, t� '�y��,E `r$y�� °rte, � �y z �( t �.. �y.' x A _l{,e,� ylro :(A 4' 6"Lt Y'r�F }�F?. ' 11°s!5€ 67 . i r r � -}{ j i ��' n3 't � U a,.�� ,y y I{ �.`y�-�N' 3 � �ry f Li�f' i y t Sx Y r r: S 1V .# d"t{ � N i.4 s 'P'1",. t�t 3Thri Ki ``i-ti r 1� .� TW � T � . �, fi t ry t9 i h i *Y2 J1 �i 1 i ' ,.' r y 'gam 2 fr ` � gr.:/ t�,,, T da J \ ?:L.i < ---: t f ' �W.wyam° t 5�, 1.,;°:,.Ad '4'.1' �5.'.,� a-y st? } _ �G....� 1 5 r '' 5F "r+ W�i�x u x am, +¢'.#- �^' 4 x.„ ,a✓.,. I r "a''y F C4 ,,.; re+ ,1 :::,;�7 n '«.;;‘.1',,'" ' YW ta. 4Y x� i` '' w r , � z '-ii... r �3`x ' ..,. �-« �ym`k Q.s :.�9a�".. .€;" ...�..75a^.7g,.#i:a � .�c`e,z 88 aa.' as 7Y .4 7 J pia ni lit: Ai:A ear"-"‘a ;g5 1r tvGX(1 "'� "�. � t=om +s raly fY iC 1G' Y to d au 7.--/,�} `y t C1• �..Ct 4bv e l+ � �3a,-e aq4 (p��l"{ 5 5be •h am .��,'�..454'p'€`f ) i y/ 'far � t s {j6'I, if9,ti \ n 14'j $ sr t-�om,� �. ",, Wti ti . -xs � #�� . •- 0. -. - • .n . E � . u 1s i v t „,,. � .N3:, ,3 s `s P - ? t 3'€ * IC-- '— .nc1,$ s . nx B Zk 7.«1 y ..sy t ai - k i , :'°' >1 a ' , 3 � . -2- ,..•2 1AS S °� C : ) " i F A ii si C Ii� >q a 4' rs"ti 1 ' ,c ' `-.4 S : tt 'r tc} t r f 1_,,,.... ;. •-�°Sn i l ° ' o :."-„, b ,A ;.>: 11 4 , r T . + �C vRwd � -j y C N e t 4 < 4 ? F t..j t ;' c -:-- x`. ', 1 ;r 7 ,"U mot &.'�. 4 „4 ift it w5 Ik 4 f Y Ay�•A1 5 ” a 1 �` U • �n y �• t �'�'�{p„ � •�:. .,. :ti... ? F,7 T q�1 a�'.•�, r..L" ;.`� ,/ �. •Act. Log Scaling • Pacific Rim Log Scaling Bureau (PRSB) is the service we contract with. • A Washington, non-profit company which functions as an impartial, third party for the purpose of scaling and grading logs. • They have performed this service for decades throughout the Pacific Northwest and Alaska working for a diverse group of saw mills, log exporters and timber purchasers. • They scale and enumerate ("tag") each log on a truck load. • Tagging each log facilitates tracking an individual log from the truck to its final destination in Asia. • PRSB certifies the volume loaded on all vessels for every customer before we can invoice for the cargo. 3 • s$ " " a m . c r I j' Y ki! 'lac fm p��p�-..s.:�{� '"A#"� .f-•e . 1T 7' - —T ;w..�.,�ivtr ...,tid { ,4.0 * " e. i I KkP„i 9 Y �..e+- a4 9 ....2as ; Y7 a.Y" ° � i a s i4 � ��I A t t 4 t ��y d s - _ .� 7a : y . 1 i/sr '4 t0 s a tCyp a r E t ' V ".cy�A rj Y� ]r� (et kG'�.71 'M,..f.._, .c ar S`-�t%�'.:4;• { ar �t to �"�1w.77 t=*�; ,!�k B air r 4°6 r".+'A p r '°fibs "'` ��t�°y �1�.:::: rte F; ;fi r ;-.2i ,, M5 :1 7 X -v4 4 4` M �� tr a3". r*AS,e� ,tr l2.:e ',jpy. ".v 'S,,,y F..a �T `°'K i Scaling Procedure • Most logs are scaled on the truck at Shannon Point. • Each log is enumerated with a sequentially numbered bar coded tag. • The Log Scaler documents tag #, small end diameter, length, grade and volume deductions, if applicable, on an electronic data recorder. • When finished the load moves onto the storage yard . .T ' awl tit a{ . S t }rx■ M �i kk b<f s`y/e tyvadr Y6 t 5 X 15. ¢r �i•y0'+±,: tb r. C v y Ii t3�.�. .w � 4 . �'( i; *'tom-,, -J`ffT 4� Yd .{R�,x` . t/ \ �� :� /yQ„ ,{.„i)Y Sim A••zt's,' .4 } t Sst' � i h�> *�S' '�F'irr - ♦ SVAY(1,'',':',1,`C rt4�'' Y� wiyy'. -�: •y�r� ) c"6b7 C ti{ i... .1 N k x, ) ' .1/4 X . 7 3tS ' Y l -1 is „y" +' .4 ; " + 'Y 3!"...! nr_.c__^. 6 F (ti+' ,t,At. -y'' ■ i� cr ..� €'' - - �«. " �(}�� d??�� -�( y to ` i Si, 4-r ; l 4 " _t3!i - �",, tYak7'fi .m nt ;ji" g ,; -' , vim';. v-' s v i 4 ° t 3 • .'fit :1_,4:„4::?,,-',,,i.,?, o. - I L ) .,rte �. $" a 7tf j . III 3� n r Jr ; , • , /.. -, tFir' a "` O t^{ : :-t � � i', �1 fir; e ' pp i el f , v , „ 'e� .*L® � t + „' f ({, _ ; 1,k -/ R a: s 0.5 u � - „. i rif .,-,,,..2-trAtie4'4,' /,' • t43---7,-,A*a•...4.41.,...—‘,..".t:_‘ ;..-u,%.,•,:ia%, ,,. .....;tgar stew. •-'st..1.7%-itte;a1,T7;r4,- -,,,i0,, , .,,,...,J,,,,r,-,„-is— F . mwt."(P.irfr,-,4-,,‘, ,est., 3•2.E-c.z7:41-,.,.,,-;gr 0‘„): 4v5.c.,..--tv1,,, ,,,,-, aPte-s-:,tiogi: 42%.4tr ..t.t5titr , - 404, I' -iNf4pC!.WPi n' ' ..”- • ' - t 8-44', Thwe, as',44 ,votitia - + t, .-4.-:,...t-2ni*F-Trc-ici, 4 ;45,tcaicea, , ..*:, ;, Pkgfitt`atC1 C'TfCr„i el,4 tot ,L4 i .11,•;;;:erkil,<A,* tt CIA.VieiPt'',ktegstrA flistt: , ,e1( isc 4 a 2Tekt.,44,M "elb' '' I ;e4h54.4,1,}f-a-;41-- "-.4i-',.? ,-te 41-47.14_,,,,41$;:k.r.I.1‘' ' •r:4Q, - 14kIATP-447tri-144-2*-.% PacK11:4;11K,, 44:34 ,,,,r.44-.-k; , calrit.14;r1;€2‘ktirta.';'44 $1.5.4i.)01-Jatc‘f,s. ,z);;**;#0.:ttrsi:si-,,,,,fii } 6*4*`")trnttotkcit, t7i1 -,,,, ,,p4"..±-4,r,et4, ,,,, , , tnt'et Nit., -4--Pt,try,' 4:4,1.....tc..ctrisort,I.tri i :1.cgor‘c-4744f.! :. 1" t iv?.'4.-4toi Ar,LY.le-e..„4":), .<11/4"kCer,"t74)-: N.51,74b41. ' ,i, -.---‘404:4hetti,?--, /940,z.4. 4:,..:1/4:t; icsrt:444c4. - ki..--At crytt1/44iewm c 4' Lfic,0 tt ett. ‘.41440;.•413441,0*...ttiftetir4). tr? keiitAr/.•t"it i -ve--4-,4•1-k- . P.4,4. - ..,,, . • kr 4 r st st rift.c..." .tvcr, ,,;, •r‘zev.s.60.resLzt ,,s -,...ne „,es...,,..,.., ......„,., 4...„, z, err.. 1 'b 4 14441g41P,ler 41 'Cit Sen Ai% C''‘)t- : S' .t..• 4*,' q ,i, .* id c rt'. 21sx,,i,„.'4., ' _k\ ''t l•S•40411"1, .4 4' r(iktei: 9.9 1 .0 a"e'49‘.4 et t4 \ -4 ; itA;444 034.24111,4 VA, 1 ESlie-, titifsviatr Ott; ,74.2./.7,;.0,z sc,- -",-. -..,),,,..4— tt-CktArl'it 4.ttan-i` ca>"....,7eg.345- Ay - ,, , -4, •424,4 - c-a.. .,44;>,,,,4 nr, • '''44ti4- :i. 4 - 4 -I ,-tr'freZ.,..ct- AS I '''' 4 4,14-N,441;1:'11" L ' N 9, r, jr i 47.31>. '‘"1 te t11' 1' 4 4 It 4tt• 17' "4"Loitt - - , - ,.;'•;','.4 4/14( . 4 . • -,' ' , C9' 9 4 r '■4 .1.%SC 144444tie , t ••bet.:..C.47t t'±.1.. , t4' tiki , ,,:v *-5,,k4,:.tt. tb, . „ 44.4,4, , t„ _.;e74;44:1 ,-?...w. , -t ',-1-4_-44:4..-4x44,-, , 4, 1.0 , 4 't 11-ros HA-41.: itk'f.,.,sz, .541-- t't"ciP.,9‘414.a/4"4"v itA.47 AWa. ti,A,;',4€3,1&-"ti.- ,D-41.rkt t:k, 4-4E,I, ,kfid, %*-1" itiri•le0.'•-- . • �" '*' ' # < M , tt R'�`�' j yds. + Y ms's Y' 3,.x 'w�� }� i t� r�#` ? T ' ' ^,3"'c ,.# � lt �� ` �r t.' x r A 'x: • Aiz } y -Q4 , ,, ..; y A q j - X \ • r } 1-t•• r ,. 1' f . T �Il }U'I� ✓ 1 "0 H - i;n 2e,k14 rte \ + 4, / ; . k.3 s I t, E y' yt t l kr 'FI t I j1 y_ h .4 ..-- ^^+- 4:441 Al'jrbd�C#•y4 1a., '7i'te*q: 4�a A21 121I.kS, -__z_-_,_-",4 e "—c_ . `� ....e; ..-- '14 tyr`.; � r rG i ^"[+'r-,. al/_ a,•yt :,e�K' --L- "*-.r'r,t*+c'+.-- -=-`x'3e �"t/ .YYr'°r ir £ q'741 '" -*- ;i { ^x � ?.', +.Y`: ^ Y era- 'r7cr s."- . 0"'„ 44' ._j L,- 314' } -' ,, y.a .,.",`„ „ . C4 r � M Yf .h�t '- Mj4�_y .T' 'I _ y �x 'Car)� � " J .�"« N+ tz4—#41 ; f` �. °`{a- y a x 4 ;ae ` y t .,, r #0 •II b,- ,±x .,x 4a-1d . v , k' .tii �4 y a {ro tww i-s 2,, , M +a.¢ ;? r. ' ,..,.• O+t• 'w -� is.7, „ !1 C 9'M-. a'.....'::'k,'" v _ � � t d s' i ", ! wTy t. r r I �� li iy " `! ! Just u;"t. w R o 1{ T Ff 1' y.F. . mac. } t aJ, ' a fr r r.�( • d �.,,yy Iy ry i 1`I ! ,,,40,1.1+,'�V, tin S' t I, y f eY7 °� �`1j � "t t' zyy J; O! ' c t'P s r sB i it � F' o f ° t x r e, >� i �t , ,"t ,rr. " NR ' s G� ' I iP � •:,.-yyd,.' .'45 .e RIqoF i.;.r jx h. � . C 4 �'. ;' b 4th tt�. d'a x 1 Ji lfa` t• `X iy �'.. �{'IY�A if 7,3/4 V }(�,'P r:;:;,—..S4¢ tit' yS't Ir1 v.e"°t`�F.A�I�Y ,,-• 'TN":Y 454 r. t F 4-"`�u, J } ^x.my,.,n.•0.0 ssys�era ^.",,t/r4:'\' _ t • 0 4Y) S f '� 04.4e•` 5r p, •■ +iiz r1oy1;�•A�,-*. '- ,gyp' .e.,.. A: .. • Y ' Lk D' { 1 `>� � 1 %:"1 tT- Di 4- { " 7 `r yk jell) �- '� a ' � "� •r sQ;�r � .ta�n �q �s" �9� y rjyI�� , i - x. U 'a r- e . h ;ki 4 k e 4 s f ryH W m f �' d' 3»c :,47 11 + s41re gy Y � teAS 1'1 o tit- .F ItY t,CS. ' .. �, i /n--., n''-s � .2 r :->t� s4,10 :>..ri,.'MI.+ "....1''lyre"...:144r.:4.,..?-1:1 u• r ,„,...rpr tv-44-4-17:ir Inc i t t.!'j :r to .3ip yft�,i? ti + - p; I""'-. -, R. r 't.tr-s t§IA 1� 5 -. -2:4, f:;4 r MI( i, Ff�" `C-" R"'Tsr-ttr . - yin a. irili #(7 t t r `II�Acv ..,,"�..,;;;; aa' r r`- ` i �� Y ri t`} as *4 !}} II 144414,,,--74-:::;-:,::9::-° ° ." ---":.,.r--„rte 3�_ s .... �M � it / ��' S[!'rT 1J1 .tPJ- 7-.7'— - f f 4 ,e .° . ;' y fi+gi4R'� .f ' » r ';-if S"e. �r ." 84[[ra�c- P T�r � ,#r w r ,:,.....4,,,m Rl "r + y t S b# tx 4i { i .;,a ` . y�r "ii y a a ' ,t ,L ,..9 „. ol:1 q mxi fi 1!i •sC."- ,i'a1 ,r f " (t S ' '�` ,a ,f,ifr F, 4� 2 5;°1li,Ss3 a� •..•14„, y ,.a A �ti 4444 tk q,•iF° ti, 6 p h Y s a ,,,,,$$$'�444((( F 4` :i:Z aC _ ka' s� fg diye y7.;,;, .ry _ t,+e. a •Tr y :14:',,>.:s,, „ r > 5 e a ne ,.Tail 3 e�� k4 � � ^ ; pp{yy�j ' t�� :ya a.. . ._,I ,� �, x• 46 {t t f ri 1 AIr FYAliVr W j y • �i1 ')fcti a �M P*1, \ 'CO'll4 1 . '1pp 1 'y 'F z y! ,�tea x %" a n'n#z s 5 b :1?-3',11).„:4 . •3GA Ott+<. h : A z" >Ay,, -gym .r -F 14.11/21%t1431-�'a l„+' - ".{ C �� . L". Y 3 � S� -:-Air. k. _''' s :'�. ''- of ,g r i, , .. "c4 i ^�. 4 `".`Ks _ R,y h I 3 to 5 D YY ig fiT t_'' � l` � t, r- " 't$ ;,__...^.. e-J-^ .r'a. .`tom.' R ,-,-,Px '::.z�. T Y ` .N i ! YES a�W .`` 4.',tr..,' e., ?:.r..4.4:-...t :`9 -, 's _ %'e x ^c me z". Y. _mot '"S 21 ..` YL .:.tf S d x G ■ L s t s ¢" k ,t.s1 t� rt,,.t ,,,,... o @..,v-. yaj�3 .4.4%. ,bx5 a .r. !-..">1.,..4, a'�¢ K ' ... *K'"tib #� +q,t c ''... .¢ a .. S ��yr kn a 'C�l . _ 4. - 14, t { Kodiak Island Borough Chiniak Tract KIB Land Ownership e: .r #S� ''_.. 'Af� &,#�e`c P;.+`'°'J'u `"'fs'qt �'^ }. -tx., ' .... Y ti�3iy zx, itl/1 I Legend fi ..- mama fa, Rem - Po lie I DING Oreenb `I Private Property > ' Owrtr Ja �� : 7x¢11,=1,J20 kel d ,�--:� Ocmpw 30,2013 1m mm a pepe'w by al mobs.Ca ute.e INC 14I1 b po Ne em.of anpq ern Al amx by rury me scan m mn map 04✓y o mein.n etems a ne teen nmomiap.tone ury em el aea•mope I denPs gimme'meuop.yo! `nou • The Kodiak Island Borough owns approximately 995 acres of land found on parts of Sections 31 & 32 Township 29 South, Range 18 West and Sections 5 & 6 Township 30 South, Range 18 West. This property is split into two parcels by Alaska Land Survey (ALS) 73-119. • The parcel identified by ALS 73-119 is further subdivided into lots created by US Survey 3474 and Plats 84-47 & 90-51. The Borough owns the remainder of this parcel that is not encumbered by these lots (995 acres). • The Borough also owns Tract "E" Plat 84-47 (9.85 acres) and Lot 5 Plat 90- 51 (9.37 acres) • For ease of discussions we have identified these two parcels as Area "A" (729 acres) and Area "B" (247 acres) Timber Resource „� *,..r;, d „„Th” 4 ` , M Te _ ,moire � V kt .d „`, i " `yyJ . �€L ,)„ .4.--- y �\ AP w ts2 ",,i d w.... Legend fr., Mb?2 O3 o pub; 4 a. se Fon Road • T u.m nee.4 i pLt,co.Mnh„ Private Property '91 oven 1Mr=,ta 4el L,_____ ---- October 20.2013 wt neaen cy ai ee.e ce,.ubntir.µe a the o,b.em rpy eb dr e. --,,the.mnn d the ma m-,el the.. Mae neMUnv wtrur.N cey ewer aeu onma.a NVe�bwE v.o.b ei ue e.mv • This map shows all available timber resource found on the Chiniak Tract. This is based on using ArcGIS and Aerial Photography to delineate the standing timber and calculate the area . • It totals approximately 908 gross acres before RMZ's and Non-Productive acres are deducted . • Estimated total timber volume is 22 .7 million board feet (Scribner Scale) . Anadromous Streams iV ��i:n3 '". r { {In fl ML"z'k .. S' w tiPS..a1_.'... ' .‘ 'bd 'fi3e ^ � � Y Oi _ ;Sri Mr r ar 01 , , ,1,Legend..,‘ I A. ,':1 k-t•• i. thF rnn f I Is. .u�.: _ adma' PS nerd Private Property " 7,1" corO n ec r ' _ . — rm.pyM ry aI %LoM almt.. aon apm,.P r< wvCcfoetN.[UI] r lae mo nam. o c ry yaa.mPmm. m toto .v a+s ab asm—pAc. tof 4l mwft e • There are four 1-A water types and their tributaries on the Chiniak Tract. These streams support anadromous fish resources per Alaska Forest Resources and Practices Act (FRPA). • They are Capelin Creek, Big Creek, Little Creek and the Chiniak River. • Per FRPA (AS 41.17.116) these waters require a Riparian Management Zone be established and maintained for resource protection. This is a no cut buffer except for access situations i.e. road crossings. • This regulation affects approximately 93 acres of land found on the Chiniak Tract. • A type 1-A water body requires an RMZ width of 66 horizontal feet from the stream bank out, on both sides. • Our understanding from the Division of Forestry (DNR), these classified waters found on the Chiniak Tract are treated by regulation the same as classified waters found on Private Forest Lands. t.; Sfi� -.1.31,92--. �� t>_ _ ✓. > ti y • *9'•,'s t Ck ' 14----rte t'�a-,.,k gjl jL ,t SS, '.*>..5,:t\-:.� { \,;..4;,-.:,:•:;;*; t e3Y hj ��i' �6. n I Fe'".347�,0 .at f� t h ... .{n T't�n:�"d�''+ `Y : - •• ,A' S°j,4 .4". ' �x R"bL.";-„, y Te I11 h '.� t 434 �>;>7' . ? v4a 5r,;,: i�1.4P'+^ „S `a' f. J y�S,. x»r .35/b J 7kc iilete Ns,-,l :1¢•v `' r q. eL s -yam''Atm !1� ++C P . ng. i e• 1- :5'1, ; �" '� " u s" 'J"` atr W:w' x I`"r.rh , 4 49'11 Fg.. it"'� i�§vi:rXr"Y` '� "mow= lie t1{ _x& ' = 5 g ' �,�^ e�; f "` 'L C 1r r s�Y, x+y; d1.0 t,5t i� � kV. sy.'a fAX ;�, �q�\k. G r x, -rgi- tits" PJJ ;tN ,f ,{ 1 „ trr.t §#��.�. '1 vtir ir»5,` 3 �"� r< -9- .). a�u7,ry =` ," • „., t (C'^�, , � 4 }Y y r N.'"1 fL� 1 � .�vk SY :�:. Yfr -2-. h y 'i 1, }•,h e'�,1%4- ,; y..L'J},F '• ,''f '.S'' y�, .,„„, tot,. +sr' N .Ait4ax r+ •c ' k�.'n i"..rtY-j i \ ' - r:ire t,„ :14 4-V, `5 ,[[jj''�� d y$ F�t .1 -r ^y'^.'- x^7"'6`L(t f 4f yyPyyyyA, ¢,H�t T¢r°..14,1%2 A:17 ;t rqm .ert.'" , ?..'+',j' �A t vT,}r4:Cp ' n�''' F1i s' b• 47,-.y� l:t tE 'Y-,40�✓k'"'r° t.,@,. t y1 ,0 y3<� ,p. x,.2.4-, �. L F. & $ x 6 . r�s -43k='� .r2',s-t tr'- a't'"c. 3' - nl•g"flv I' �y m Y'rFi mod ... a ..� a g,' 3 ,AU 'it +�Ji '3+. , ''':tt,-4:-.,-t Sx ;IA'y.4 s i'- , a !JS m d *�c, yd t'4 3-<tfi "-tn'.e� i"k;'q;�� .Y. .'k3�"r" �'t „l, F � PiCs' o R?�i RMZ East Twin Creek t gag " 1..Y8 t' °R° a, ;.H' ,„ y _;:c { '0. fJ�"" F r c,.,- ' r+,, !.; a Ax t jjv t`s:.: V a2L i y{ rpm � t1.. 12� � qdf -�-,}}'� l t�ti R J �Jn r4s' S ��,N i✓ °S p '+ ;r x 1 3K v''''-‘,113,01i ::-2.14;e:ce4-;;:t;t, 1 ni=4-.;"1,-ree4-14*,-,=,--tv: :is ,,.., ,.p "Y vr� i` £"shy 'jar; ` . +, Y {p\ /:ylt . i Si a aJ 'J¶ "y� y , P < pS, w ry r is ',11.a z`" tr,,t F c i, ro 2 t r y '��. k k,.. ra v+ ..r t tees; S , o-, s TRaj tt�o-r r ry t4�_ •1 i S f At` J rs R .i a '}r ..`3�i .+"''A 'k ��l,il ^fy N 1,,.�Ctuai� r.t£b`1 ' k F5 ffj r^' yam_o fi "� a i'l, v. , -z `l-- i, ti , x �I ^* �iaix ��,,,,.mils.;q��(( &n /* Tom"' „achy yid _ i 1 is 5' e'Yi'S ic, i :Se41,✓'%. .,As ,, _~y RMZ Hobbit Creek i`ga�h 4-Anki T+n T ,�4wt;f S . *. tta,?_sy� V y-g3-r - *.yam..� I, T ` fr ✓ L 7, i R Y*r w L {, t :14 F •♦' 3'4,4 Flt a `a'° 'tY+� } ` 9 t M d $zd QQ ,F 4� -' ,y 1 1 t\- f' 'r �'1ta' (.c� ° ;t , `y3pr§'f':° .. i ./s a .GJ < r a ok �a 111, ?.- & Yf t • tr` 4/.9 ,* ;-� S. r. l ,- 4 ' - yrr� .. ,¢ t_ / t&; {d.$ ,,.V r 4,u,,,.Y ry G I mil 9' Taa" ° �G �1_.� Jr F , (54 1T . ,, s t},af' L�, ,� , .^J ?z c > t� ;+ x't 1> "-r�,,f, t ` 't h c c m $i , : �'�""iL"`� tyi 4r R.3 t1/4".:4 v' t 44 v£t t * 'f:. ek x . f v 4 i 6- b i( } fl , y �,ASt 1} `'gyp 6S L i �,,,-a,., , g r ,t4.**.;`"P. `` mar ,',� "t egg 44 ",.s C, V'ka -I :. A '� F F ::*:.*=-E*.: r ay ! a r-Jh t, '+,;"h ,._ —2. jj tI so-(, '` b1„ '3/4„:4.'.t" iG t ��a ° °',S"''rt.'a'.� f ;:q.A.::"r ' i>, 4!d h t f.�s{e4,a`�S,ke, ;✓ . ice. . :a,.,,..^ , . , .,�/: "�p,nom, ,.., .0+a' a. A,, ;i'- ...FS tV ..r. a rw`LW4rT`?4 ? tr'{k-. Aerial View of RMZ along Chiniak River Non - productive Ground Via a ^F .,"x*tc f a y i H gc�! r s'; Nrcanti*P-rtiiat-V-ttirWa:riPri • Mt --txy 1 , la'" r s ,.. . i g 1 �+ V' Jt ... < a rnm „` P...,w • E3 e. :d, o ° a Rivate Prope,ry ►,� , �I «per 2 i % £s Apr n; WOW 20.2013 ma mw a.wmM M LI nem cow.ew me 0-tit.srt wwe II Owv W sC me.m .amryy Te Mary of N 11.11 not any of Me ebnaM 1 mbn. o intact 0111WUnq MM.,*M—II 4ee.010100110»1111 ue a Oe popsy 01 e00001 • The pink colored areas are classified as non-productive and do not have harvestable trees. • These areas are covered by either competing vegetation or are forested and non-forested wet areas. • They total approximately 25 acres. • These were identified by using ArcGIS and Aerial Photography. 55 a+.. _ A T . s wr sr: . . t .,i �-r„e �. �t �. go; �.. ,+� mss. i t . �:IA 4r fl. S'{8r f:-.mow* ' -. �'6r - s 1.4.t , T$., „ ra f � sr ?��i,6's .4 t L .� mrr� i iii 44�O.7 4Z L A '�l a�ji par irait Asti!�w ./! '- i-t .' iw ' , e v tY'� i c,� `,+ Fy' ",µ4 ...t.i Y .4.:. t' ..s*. " ! e'VA e'�i u s `''1"`' tr ` ttCyl ri ""'f".t&'Ne `} ra �`3r:„r T. ',,o , u d K-f.7K'-'-2 / 4 �.: q �,- sue. 8 }u '"':i aA ,.a�. y��:3 "rfa4,••snivv: •s' 'a -.`�I.,'y '` rt.i.,artatia1/27 4t.-44,-A r+` y ;- #y 0 f -?t 7a�r 1 ^t7 ' `-`a s,. .h l` '7 `ik3 +h1+'' � �• o� ' # z}yg}� ot ` , i�wi wisp tt t 'rin,-_i C' rx'✓� ...: & tie i 4'tir4i4 3t1„.,J�L M Y. y.� k r 4 O yTa 4 .6""a; J" 4-ik:'• ..'tT t. ." f.2 i 1F4 i.' f�i -4 n FV l -t' - r i .S s'+ r a. v,y :'t t't: r 1`r e a- p-7 F A. ys x ,s?,,% Tm .. ;r ''z t," kir,-;4s,�K. X e £ `E i rt T -t �'s y._ 4t n,rx; Z .t i '��as t�1 t• �' \w - t t. 4‘ l �1a� f ' r ed sY.- r arc--.-ea :.; .P41.\ £- s 34�s auk, , , +ki,"A 'xl y3 .', vX`" 1 t" 1 t 75 f4 y�. S 4 f'9 'i t ,-k 4 �_ :M4' "_. .3i+'4 w, 1$ire i t G x ij _ .x' o-, "d'4 y , , 4 in Forested Wet Area Condition of Timber • The timber in this area is best described as being mature to over mature. As indicated by the significant stand defect that has been found in areas harvested adjacent to this tract. • Number of trees per acre (TPA) ranges between 80 and 200. With the average being 140. • The age ranges between 100 and 250 years (the oldest I have found). • The growth rate has slowed significantly in the last 50 years. • This indicates that the current carrying capacity has achieved a maximum. • Without some form of natural thinning the timber will begin to lose more volume than is grown. • Average volume per acre is estimated at 25,000 board feet. Aat� '',-.7-.7...t. .:7 icy % D� % \. `. •> it 3 t. f y5 tG'..O,ft S. t y +. rey ' ` x m i� ts0--;&,+ ' ?`y i. r ¢r u} a �� r<eS 4.- y�y! 'ir: l{ r fr .�`�d� $ iEYT �t� 1�3'° y�„x pia' �. ., �j.�*a 1 t -o v o- 4 Nib Y.�� f,nf hla N1,a �+�'' { a F � 9-'..4-r--.F :'' d' �bt fa 9 ,A;3 rt a i p F, F r l ::,, •.� h ' rj r r 4w� � " Yet ,�� v +�yq tAeW� 4% .4 n S1 R ` � �r 4 f ti �i '„. ntig4.46li.N*�y "k jtr1, t>�`37, '?M+l`"•dscl`.a\ % , �� + �7 �. L� rGn1154 v 4�' ,-(F! z :,in°m^ r1;f e*F'wr axe. ayT- . -rF'ci va ;12,7, 4. ox�'�. Rtn 1r4:43:*--� ""s�y�,t%5t`f5�-'��_y�'�.u•��'�.,,�f,�w'�,�r�y4apt`�d�yvv .. ,+,� a r�{ dr4 4,77444 lll)l3 ?cwt's )chvkil/i t rt t�sri ''cz tai` ` i�F,t�`+y, 4l xy1' �i'c, f ,� "Y3,114 ^ `�'h '"' I }i 't Is itja 1)( ' r n f vYX'4. f *a, . �` �h ..tic r%, "r-:� :t'S. 1 � ` Vr'^8w�$1, 'S l''' �3'n� ., 14v. x ry rt R • �, ,J'` 7 � '��• x�$ {t#` , �� .� 1 Y'r ! e� x.b i+ >d t" ^.. J .Nr i F 1 1 " ya5+ $t" , �a�-{k8+`vny'it41+" :o $arc �'.• i ?. > cYK 'yT �� y�' t� 'P C � 4 f n4 Af�� may' *-41.;y a " li�1, ',4";! d+ x� , `W a t s in n ^" s .dyr«° r, +� tM a 's*?Tfm + a ,,mss ,• .,. ++ 3 kk x i `t r .k,� r � q n t �& "Y* 4� �yy?`Fi ,,, .r " jam} `r-:'t` •"Gy�wi � Tl'$•*t q ,t+'„T 4� ";-� y .e di:.• "fi:9fF + :s_k„ +-"S«w w - .`xq X.t-r¢tr r d "(' ti , SS. "� to .. "� .d`j r' 7d^A'* r° t.,.�wrL w 4 'y"Gi) s z _..i • 1 s: '✓^�.{i/1.' 1sCZ � ��j 3rt�5� �, �-JS��`�.A I i .r .ut h �S�"+ riatinty 4, ,•0 +J °-- r i ;tit.' N d lei eat •'E'c• it p� .e ,`kI Sri + w; A:4,4- •-i, 1YtdY JSaag J"' i .teet { + fr 7 �ti '1 q{*�''„y gar ` . ` efi aki,5.' �[ $' �') J d Wit°..esra5 a. : °'...R.4u.T as'iP. :*_ ak-'S^a''�t' v k '&k' i af�s. 44.:1%.47 Tr tz�,lx � "`Y?r�J &ttt:C ,a `n j , .I £ k te f" `''' 1/45 `3fyf i y'J}e P�r •t :4:t�'�AV**fi ei d�y •'(y}1J, .”SS4,r3 ec T J :Q rrYIUSr. �Il { i4 ]��y�¢'j,"�5Ny � 'N J';4- �.`h.'4-o, ryyt S� 7 VV �}� Mfi�}k t�} 't( 4 17 A�.1 rt.k4v x L. w k � �;�'ts, S ' r fe: ` � � �v "a � ,tL.3S,,��k74.' se. �t `u, '" yP�M CAA` ,'�rt'�' --c ?.Z. �� ` , � �` 1,1 1 �+8.+i96Vf Vwtdlltl fi`*Wt y '�``�$s j rr �� "� "r"iq� 1 `�jl� f ' yfy�,d 't�tjl�QQ s}YtyY �l,F4 fa fl't i et, il}}P` `Q � ill 1 tr,7 , I. -fair` t,. 1 tM i.S �„r� r QTY a i t€* ' hT y}l p 79 Y • 'L: ,7`�f �w--4. -t7 sy # 0 '4F�y, tAJ Asa utr ,f ` G 3 . aN I.� � +V � rd<4 t 0.+ ��M1 ai � � A � r2�a•u '� r qF� � iiik t`"^L+°'� j b.r 4 tS�Wi ' vt M^`` Ya{dq. k A +,1��, „k 4n„ n Y xf J[(, ,A-0A. y(L,, v tip C� + A 4 t '# /,�� ..� 41. .'ipi y .c 4 4��C'" ' ,,4149, 4{ �pt;'silt �j 'mil .1 I 1 t .W! lff ��r.it 4{j. PI �; W w� 1V1 Tie(' i.� '';A r '4. `J•r'JI If�tt� '✓+ (-tt 'n-4.�--;y,�y�- kVa �I fir' k�o 1 Y �yr'��e �' Lf;4;4' . �la.�l:r'P n "F n"� 'w � ��irau.`d'k xs��P�v..Cah � p J aS"` 3'v a. t r e� i rt -r. .i •, ofs*H:vei{T, .kr r' i, , a • s A-, 4 sit _ • a �'�°^J>� + M , firti*i \%fv,tssr,� £ M. . xi .4' L'^:3 rt'sllni e 11 oti 44-4d„..> { k r °ro 1; ' e,y� 2y✓rr s-a4 "1. i ri #tw Y1 l'^" Yn p lov+i�,r+r F�""Y' ',lc {n `�' `4 G 2i?lyt +�Y 7 .. ; ! a X.. *t. ` L-4 .v,i'Lr �1v" ttsii�� dm r J ` rr r „i,„, , 45 ), *..,f a. jrQiK�'rL'•fr ;:tic k - 6 J, .+a, a n4 A)1 `1.� (t 1�i r sins. • § .y.,,.x1,t i.w '*t f.. $jam .�,pt`Ir.oet f s - 'i, ! ■ r rk spill 1 p h " *� s)sdA1 thf r‘4,k4,)-J4,,,•• t Y iaY *I'J 11j t1 l! 0 f y{ "( !th `} k 4. ^`b • ia *-h s>pJ! Y"^4 fry / atak}y�e; 1 1:r,1i t:el y<ta, . yl4 t h 4"N'� Yp --,,01,- '�ti.ZA^6. ' tf x r QtS•,r� ? Y1S sy x �, h ' ,' ` 6� t.t. }"t^`e`T's2' CT*' dye+ ,' i A Y• E• a.4w;4 k 1' •., !xy'it'4 ~Cry' �"' . q aTM 4. A '4,74; 1--.- ue x ry}i .�4 n� �-"n i{ litt vs.,-1,04•,' Va r t pd V" ,'"• ..,m .. '-4^d �^4,54�i4., �' yr` a r • The previous slide shows a butt log harvested from an adjacent stand . • The black hash marks are in fifty year increments. • First fifty years growth was 5 inches ( 10 inch diameter) . • The second fifty years the tree grew 3 inches ( 16 inch diameter) . • The third fifty years the tree grew 2.5 inches (21 inch diameter) . • This tree grew as much in fifty years as it did in 100 years. • This slow growth is directly due to over stocking in natural stands. Defective Logs in Unit Adjacent to Tract K � xr • 8ypva 341 *74 1.} at, ixs4411..1$r aP& ,'y C .-r✓ +"'I-.'4 N4 jyq �r4`..�5 T Pp' 4 0i ;1at_` '�'d� 4 � 1^ fs.(.�'+�ttP da+,-U }:b` S' - @ vy '404'.i 4 il �l' ai ze" o k.0: x f 'y,C,f•�-t t e. 4 „u' - ; x p 4,,, {e' ,4 ., r:. 9� ;� � } .,3 �s . t*' si - .f 'j 8 q' 't Ylt'r - St ..a� .+r' 4 )i hi W4 f l �31{ } k} e P � . P 4\zry fill! d�3 "�'�v i +. 3 .�. a -',1 ^„� a l y ,:sue.^ d fri- raregt,UA-4c(t,;(‘-f_cet-z-,■;„ ruiNfikfik../-1 .),ki}kfetCti\P")„1:1; 514-10,-.9ige.,,, fit..? ,. 5, 1-; 4P4slic/14:41; e.;., "451r; , 1,0/1;y41,:;#1tLit.zr.jattnyt .„4-‘ 1: '1.„Asn %%4,' '..N.'w.itie:1 FS1)14-t1/2. vrtor j•,..,4 ' • ,4•,, ' . ,;41$,I,tiff■ ' 1,.. .t.■•;-X1V4ilint 4:441. .“*.: ,S;Aling, ... t4..101170'71,ftirfil.:itofri1/4..e.',1■;1):•\S-4.i'4:44 ....' ;;•'• ■', `th414,64.04,..VAlittatiltgAti,nWttct . • `.q"Aki.i,;ttA7:!Sr" 4.,itsk,/,..- er4,-;,4,--,, n. n\,/di , ' 11 *-14t.41•014.'tkl-H1.)::, 1:71,4iles,>1.___..42"--,_3:4, R.11,--.4,7*-(ALe41 , _ ,..• 7,,,, szrAmkt4:6\Atiffy :>vv,tit'ams'hAlft61,-A, 4/' I. t,' ?!' ?),AisaAriicvii fe)- 3;,-iliNfri;:brr,I1 '' Atm • ■ '. 'fir'' 1/ 4};.;ft''''''Pe'' '4 41/41.4'4'''4*Wfp $'- 'f.4tte . .4', il fil.4 '" J''‘''11'7 ,,,,t4 4 ‘1,..solt , 4 • •;;At'rA.,'‘'6';i:'!"%14.4k5",..*.P. '-'"IA;V* tt., us, ' ,e:S'AzT:tit.7447(7 'AQH(0,-":" .-Aort7:-.,..:x..":. '.3e:%.,... : 4;‘,.}1. .' t:' "II:2. .:,::4 ',:t7t.A. re-' :;. tr: ``tv.-.IA47:1:'I:. • pel.,tti;61.4 —''"I, .r'qlr-- 'Aii.k.-%=.rrs\c' A r' . t' - . ,;-47,k;n.,./.;:.4%1-“-ritava'qr: ::::: '44-1:-.4eittcr',1•14:Yektis'i \Iv:',.:• :,1- 4 X.-4T ..z.:,,.:4473?-;:43/4,74t41:-.04*?,"4, eckk! . . ,. ,': • ;ii-N-ut.3144r4-4,nticy-c-.7..- ..1..,ik. r74::"; Mt :•.;,,,:rjote . . ; ' 1".;e•''•'.1.1 .,..'1+,,A,AW 7:„' ‘„pir, i z5.•, % '-' 411..kaSfilhil,-Att?I'Al•:: `;';' ..-"17,-;, 44 'if-4P:.Ft.- -vs vi,v, -\4•.y;icti, itr'X'414; 14ki".."4 :St'Skk, 4."4".•t?44 ow„w-,,..,..,.,ti %tp,.-,,,,,ex, ,,...4.4..-1,0,..t . ' \;441/41f^. . , .±..qt • „pg,46.•, , J.J.C.1;4 ist,h\k,,%;: -', r ■ '7"'n.' ■'•I:4,14 4 • ;44s.„ 1'4 Ztt•ty,Ad,... 'illazt•ve• • .,;(::IthilLik;43:Vitt fetA 'AR'7.44:17:414. ' ,JA444('' 14.:it.c.''''&11''"I';.71/41'.;\'‘ ' I I ' ' ''1143%'''''4444ktelect■;.-4. t,'" :- ''•r W415 I\="' "f S,0 /• . .. ,..‘ n-14:•?> •,;titt. Pi,kt..\4‘,„,t.v.• .. t . -.•.„- , , , ,..,,,..- >*s r> 4 4• ::.„'t-pt:: I f� q� Jr, r rf h�',�}41-. Y ,..li''1 .a . A11.f'. „+A a ° Yyy� '4.��r �9 �} ��t. !C Yrn � ,t y l> � a y :t,.; )t' 4. „ I d ..„. :<.„ .' '�° . r ,, 12-/;i472 ,'*;: " n 6 4/ /.µ, m r e ek 1 1 a r R\ tc° i - " .T dl° x t ' s r,4 r jP Y a { 7� , x r r* °� !"k*sV t � e' :'1/41.4.::, y 6 1*� :@; ctmii °b 1,1,- S.: .,.%ti y !1 k . i 5 r r r J F ec 4 ¢• ' °� " e7. • ry I' J\ - * i i. ? .,,if........., Y Vim. t k �, , _ .r • -;;;.43:...;,-:. R w 9s - f 'Y.ii ryRn f d glM :1b v . � {�.,3 A' 1. ;i"';,, y 4..i ,i 4*^-248. wi- .»a sz mit; �arg Cv:.. Etc,. , I 1� lay �` f s > , r `•1 °�� : n +b' s \" pro rt'% Ay0 e °` -. S ++rc q .v r':4.1/4. } €may ,� Zf / F �3 ::...,' :WC 'A.......„; '`a L r ":to/Wt. t ',�,. s pc,t ' . r . z ,t l •r C� � a .' n t pc, W� ' �5 s`,. 3 r '. r .� ...: mot ' a ��„ gn ' "'yy,5 "[ 4 L 4L'2 r Y { 4* i ,ZF t q.. m :'• . . _ _. ? 7:r- ..�. ay . / ° `:4_, e Fbe. ref „ .;. Indicators of Defect in Standing Timber + F� r 'S Y� +,e r '1.'�y � } �� .�y i4,?t ,kt' torip i r s ' fY, ��Kx � xy,•g v,�fi3 Y 4 �e�l��}�""�=�,y,''4 N �) ' as }r' is °Gad Y'�� °+ ' � " k 99,, 1 f,,,,, " 4, ' v G .hl f "tat 4,t rp k r • .. y £jf/f ^y .' ZH' rid Y „,�, i i 3C S. ! '� L3 ri }t ��i . * 1p+ t1 � Etr,t p ' 'a' ,r. Y' x �Yi r�ft'. y.,. �q+'�'�J t� �'f.,. -5� yal�r �r .,+r i`_ t,�, ^tx+�'e''� u ',€� !l 1 _1'd �• nZ "a '" j � ��PN� p ?f , rp. �q �'�>.��? �� ; yF 7� f� Y � ryc�q� � tP +-k��t�r'�y�f..�k "Y i�^',.may r�$t��p�r��k 'ei t rte° ' /� ly'ri�� ,-, - iy{t j.A.- ',. V`�!*/tf 'y' , �,''. s [2 < '�1€ < S'a�p„�N i �+�T ;yy 4° F ,�t�! 4«W, i �� pL. 'V' ' 1 � c 1 <tfx cPeth �1, } i off'y��e ry 1` 41 4k r €Jd�j �"y� ti6 1"Set rt 4114.P.3,c1.0 ,tsi+ i__ 4rT Y,I,_. 1 4 -Cl a�t''"' jersnr '' +. "}'N` r t 3 � it ,*. Ajar '� a y 1 rxix'. 4 p�i 'vj4i7 - 11 A!e �,.Sii� , ... F �( � �. „, g i'°'`4x .^g..;.i .e �' r� a . '`° 'S g ,E µ -i ,y r dgry! `c t S l'r >j. ' 1 1 l ' /� "1 f � : 5,44d �+ ^ x r f • •-t �tyy.f` 1� 3r �(, = '1,44... 4.x't`f3a e, + .r 1 ',% o ^`f �+"d b'�'4"4 €1 4' ikli it ir.�i '?4 � 1 ' rh°p+'°w . `E+ w �o. sc2S.d ''+�Fr h}.�rr «lu a�Nf ; r` 'p � 'EC, ,a,,..: Basal Scar V 4 t1 h *3, i< - «ii- ..:. t� ... ., ,y. - • i •-•. ,;"� ��f ' y F ,4 ".-- " S a . °'.,� vim` 3 >", „- ' E x t Zr' ..�w. 'i 3' `F"+, emery`• , " w Y,r. , ` � '' l Mh o"( S �' v� . 1 tir y y ` e-tl - $ 1 • a9' ? <" : ' ,i'l ^it , v� F , ro c rL yr :v5. ^s rd 0 a r om x ' 3c� bC S i r^4A b k" t � " j s.. + $' � .. g Y .I +Z r i � g _ _OVk " � � + 2} t 7myE`. "a x . V� y # �"$ fi 'A -+ aS -,* � • r 0' a t cn.2 '"°-e 'VNt # .c i a�'M. . f"et ' 7 i E` 3 1 a �ri- e ,2a%:Wt.'{_n.mC?. , ' a° ^ b ha1 sY./6. . _ Result of Basal Scar t - 'V. } 5 FE`ii-s A(9.-0 �" jr�5y, 4 �v .1.i44;,/,.. =,1:35•.4.,,,-,,i- , J^x. 48 !r i a;z%u 1... ; : r.e c„t %i. rr 4+g+ i �, h �x s rye } 3x %s 1•i ` j# �x�.�, 4 } x a +i Z�,\ i4,Ir, t.,',.. 'F iTFJ� °:. -``*l.V x?f� {{pby°�•�$ 'utxk yam!. 'i., t `� _'Y ! '1 f. 7 s a s 4 � i y,, '�' `'�ft"3�., 4 z:,.z fir*RAND om_n >( 5,i/44.[0.-;:t<1-14, F r. '-i., T _ , --,,A A��Ar , :I '7�} 1�PFF�T _ityet ' tae. .,,FI ms ! 4A .%-li At- ,-,, . 7-1--•:- r t ele ..r.,.t 9 s�` R N�., fi r a `,..c�."� aF'w '�' ti 45t �^ , 4`M °' �;1 t, * '{ qx p�11 44.w FF ,,. ` F y�h'p[,'Lt ,D-" S i %•4rf` s'f4k ' ';'..4;. . ' .EL. it 'A"n t wS'°+ e “ % ... *�I z� -r '.t '.4ft z A:it,..t,3..,-_,,,,,,`r , �fl .iv .-1.f V. te F .4s: i ryes � + v,-.-4,¢.� 4•47,14•;;;%:14.N210.:-;.*.t+ :4:16 y lk. , -4;4,....,4-4,k.,•,, .:. , ),fir. s. F P, `i?, 04t e ; `.; a tcs\x 9 is .�•iata ' '�i : st. 4 :: F 411)5 F$ 3 i° �'1 1. 4A .; ee'�,l ,s x *tiro'. 4 � w.+m %\a sy a.r Y. it 47,Y.,..-.,4 s" iks i�vW 4.-' 9 t0. i(J+�s O.1- cry ,t�Jt t,�*j df„�i�' t .s f #4 ' n 'pp'' ti yj M TA,,,, Xt.= �'., �"att ...„0, v �. � e'. 'a 4r fit' \. .?off. "ii 3 'n.?':si:xi, °t ^.. u d.b.'ft' Fungus Fruiting Body (Conk) Conk Rot ff.:::. ,y '^ '�r"i+*' xi Sa§�z` m ill-1 • ss�' '1'" m'tC'�y $� '' �„�`yt �, u,. >.."m4 1 Yom` `C'-2"G3� .P k r a h 'rah '7y i'-: fi rt .r ,! qty- �yy+ q ° s f �,k+ .-.: . •' � � - a'.., “ max::, iE s ,. M 's.:73 ".' t 1. r fi -tf'� '�`a'' a�„. s..e N' Y�{"e'* � ifr'y } �n4,� t ; '�},A.: V L u.-C s;-6` .i.A x.e�5 S4 p r� .,� � Y � y�v+i� ✓t „ , .+e$� 4.�`Ef 'e+,� ': r� :11;7; i.,z f- ef+..€S.ia. ,.. .. ry +64' j a s--- 7 4' ey`SL y tc s :4 *y' r`'i It.S St f v k�.`P { U y 1 , t7 -; t ..4-137.01.1,��' ' ' k- 4'e"' r d'` ..r 'e AID...+ d}� n S5 " ` 'A r a ,*. 1 -', .. r o 'JF`r ": w a I .,{. '°"O "R . xa fe`, :`&7L4b'r pi 'y8 s}, wg �, ";,4-.•:,._ ....� I.x;f � .P -.4k*. � Y:i e ar tX'& -_`'G r/ C. t 'Sy*.. st." .. 5' z e^tikpr-rte- ,• ,.,..,,e '^�`"�. x 41�b ir'k it4 t+•�vyJ„t .` 8{ r.r: t fir, t:zit•N .,s4 ,•a a �'� ''�:. .,:1-1,,.. q ix i5tr. „` Yd � 1.• a ' �0 fii'r �§' 43 S;3rk `��p{.rya •{7A ... ''qi' t',,: It 6" ^. Y. AtCV ' yy�' t: ' L�,�1`tT`4 s'et Ta'.%^+ _ �.'t L . : iCr-L jJ, ." f- xL.rr„•'.v f ,y� ', ,i :Ai q t 1+'t,"1. ::::-1/4,;-',.,:,4:,('''1 �w �A 1 Yom: �Jy� �.t 4 L'y .,y�d4 ,S a � x .. '11 a '�-� a t H# C l wn, 3 , 4g Q�y��1Y ;g A�� y�t"S �@ ,�s`'Ys��, �Y P�v�` w '�> � � cF"'4��4',� Fr i+fh.t ,2,s ,s, :". zie v �,a r„5 I - "a Say t.T ?r i� eb -l? 1 s "• 3 n �� An� "". 5v 4 Y° :'. .Ya;:iA Y ik`t-.. fie ;{�7` `� 1 4 s'.,y i ;,,a#� r "' •x -P'0 ' 'i'o- h�` . `�4a z -ak 'rt: { .'5,-,',. -fz.r yr ' -Pi a ' ; , i .� ''h, t'Q" -' , ° s • J J ,3.T t/i ♦ h (1� A-. y...G" '. Ae��! YF ° bl`'� The white specks are mycelium.The fungus root system.They dissolve the wood for food. • This is caused by fungus. 13 major varieties. • Most likely entered through a rotten limb or scar. • Causes wood fiber to breakdown making the wood un-utilizable (even for firewood ) . ! w y ;- �FF;,...-1--S,`'w° cR w 'S a &s a, ' y r9, rC 5 � t. }fix `? P+�n` ^4' i k_ yam 3 ' i .- n NI �' � e 5 R q � a9 di� 4 '3 e 3$r j3 Y ' z. ♦x r..;- K . sistkiit ` ,- 11 ra i "r �.v;.a1a.w s c p .- Lzj t b 4 R f r�y g.,---1,,-,,,,.....). 1,l ; a. L 1 : . 1 .E a "� .4...- . a t 4, Fir.,. "'Y 4 t s,, y. -4 h c L Gir �^ Py+.0 ply *ha* Y aR f " : , a'3' {# � I ,e''' '" i k (! 4, A' 2 31 J[. k`r S?.s Y Yes R+'‘ ! +� ti h .` q ' _.1 ! '�`ai �1'$. 1"9 y , it frg y'. r441 -�pr' �'� °•"a,�r� ` rill}r. 2::#? .' ir� y+ ,N.,�.,-... ! ikcli-i d t,^ Y .tom �,,` .a��-i< 4 r e`$ .`7 a r _. .4? n .n to Vii. ^`(i eu'\ Jt ,a £ey��ys 3 �S, v 4�T,Z4 VS ' ,ate l s,\'" f v 1..•. . `:Fr s{ • P_ r . tt a7 "sP 1..° c - ' rr,„:w : .t cp t �S r r J ' Ms h i i n �` l� }i"t 9 el ite Y S � " Mr Ya - e � t a 3x �r v otct. .+te rs..i 3£ d, K4f ,d2.r�/ 4.,3 � i 4.., .o, . a.,.d4.[.l " '''W'YYAt , t--e, . - '.:4fa.. Z� :: �.4,,-� �_=+�jatt! 9: F=6'iA`. 4- 1,, Moss Covered Limbs. Although this is attractive, moss creates the prime conditions for Fungus to infect this tree. Dead limb and moist conditions. fp - 0. !, * iF T ' t x^ r y 1. p- t S . cY s � _ k _• .p :9 a p e f }a .lie t r.. r'' k t a `^ * t 4` S''T " Ra ic'+'. t •T" Y r z Y v & i .i, + } Result of a Bole Scar ,s �r �t 5y a `isw i } �fw • a . + r{t ,r ' / r'- f ` 1 4t h � ' f � F < Y of t • .-;44,41,•,,... 't it j $ _ s, x 7.r s r ° .1":1,&5:4 A, 140 y/♦ y• � kill t t l .Ra �`p t ,/.r: r ,z �..i. • S� a , 3"1111'" ::::4;4 ")r µA:' rl 3.:�;:t i 4, t xe, .`l �r y - y�f f � hy� � yy ' ! .7 i4t ) �• t)) . $` .. r Y +'tpf(;tr aE5 u r •a"t �� .. !� i`.a` { � aLtl�E�t If K � .,%✓IS.�Y't4.+t'' CJ'7 � tkk {"+F . �r Xi {, {X�.Tydt� 'r ft; it.. �( i 6 t t fAt _-� h., h �1i, xrtl( a �, S Fr; ♦ �� Irr � � kr ��:,...,v,,k ��. •t, p i sl' � yp L. R P i -., #�rt rp34, Fa tr 1 ytiy �{ R T x a 4 1'4' 4 R r ri tI 1 t tat r to s i t741, t 9 w 'yiz rt,' * .., 1 r '4 a , �Re�i�q f�£s� �' ,W Sri 4+444, ��'W�`'F^�� ' "f A`� ,� + i+i `{�'7�i+7 `Kr,. �,.y�et,� R _��{- y 34 , h.-.[j-,.. .� m7c3ryt K'w'' 1� 4 n r "iv..7{ 4A4't+'r'jtt 5„ 41+44 it 'hth, Y. fir'i�'�} �`r. w ir� Y ri a'r' A V4'. 'Ai »'GSW�'1f✓.:Ww. f/ �::39V Af:tY A !$ r�+ :{;'JA.u{ it wr�'t�pJe.'$tV y ? "r`��'3 Frost Check. Caused by water freezing in cracks. The water acts like a wedge to split the trunk. Wind Shake is usually associated with Frost Check. rg^e ` '^y t' F: %aaa r , lc A*'r 3, -r7 i 3 '4 1� I�� a 1Iti fkli t 1� �,4q '.,,, x� +a9ja �4"> i„,,, ..t,...1,,,v41,,,,Akma.:,t\,„t rro�'i+'�» S'' '},l [rr+xjj` %,,,s,� etrZt-i-tib:i't'-'Pti,'Sr4;4H , J3yr by ww ) ,,a ..cictl ,� ?d * `e, p2 lu1 w. x).. ��'�,i,'°`6�7�s� .a` .�A'°a 11 k 'et,' , "y." �{. ,. .: aK d t -.i:.�. YyT..t,"Cr ay�1 ` .$')a: i3°5'v S r e t” ' ) [_ as '" ._ y� ,4 ie s N-7o vx F�,,ir !' ..�(y\�¢A�n i y b�,{ ., ,,�;�s ` i,'" '1, f st,ri xt si. ,hz.tt* ;"" i it "� iA r ` W m�n+5 �r +;iFM �t3ria i t tttti r't°; z j!ex}M1C"F f ittO:' it '.�arQ rA D -% ��'f? '' Aim"' PiYa r"t, `K i:Z ✓•c 19 �Sgit �R' r ei r Xr ,001 .,13/4 -4-7 �vy t,t),y, ' 1 i �!^a y. 2 is a,a`,¢`{}rJp�"}*)1 5�' a rl i-0E. x 3nja- t".e �a £ .i� l u"" jj�� k ri firviF4ci {^ 4i L"( . J ,yi}r '8. SAI i,. i IT �`.4 r gatlr.'r.K' ta4 .F}. az-. .`.4+.��.kr1 `g. �3 .:„..%-4,,,,,,r • "'+S H\�r. ,..�tY Frost Check and Wind Shake together. Wind Shake causes separations in the wood due to the bole flexing in the wind. When this wood is cut into boards, they are weak and can fall apart. Ew�"�'i- `4T y "r'Z Q; "r. , .� .�+, r . t»'j n ervyh,.' °tr:`h x„ttrsi 5 g . Y * `A, s,.. i'�*a yd. +q 'r k,'M/4 .`ems 'S tr rrr ✓ J• C � F: let' - ,, Cgs - •'s' F% a -,Sri"1tt , r, d set sal'.:cr ,s4 ! . e r!�ry ,-. - m i; _ „" � "�'t M r 1-:110411%,,r,5. kevite ipir 15 fy . n( . -.y;ir • :5% yU4^'15{ 1z A^' -a R Pk' l.... t L YY l y Tld r it J.r .,, 9--ki' ., " r `� ° Si • '49 ., t .sly , r FF 'n'��4't. e y l ti 4 Jf' r r ti rte' 1 "� MS•iik ITre r r /. n T r K• t r a ."pJfr�ypr�JS`!&i( i�3'/,trr .j r�}} ;' # �"`r: ;3 ?i{,},{v'E` Y 16i {t.4.:'". E,t�1 4/14 411 1, 4.2;:i i r ,. ligt �}` -. s z2. " F ' tifr4.-? # .1! ; .. u"' is � . a ��r� w x a 4- ilk .,. r r Y j. ,yr`r a`" <L s^_w.r?s' e� t Stand opening associated with Wind Throw.The area opened will generally re-vegetate with plants associated with disturbance, like Salmon Berry or grass. • (Sustainability)...it involves the continued existence and use of forests to meet human physical, economic, and social needs; the desire to preserve the health of forest ecosystems in perpetuity; and the ethical choice of preserving options for future generations while meeting the needs of the present. • Factoid: — Since 1900, forest area in the U.S. has remained statistically within 745 million acres +/-5%, — With the lowest point in 1920 of 735 million acres. — Current U.S. forest area in 2000 was about 749 million acres. — Private owned forests make up 350 million acres of the 749 million acres. Public timber contributes 150 million acres. — That must mean that there is approximately 250 million acres in reserves. — http://www.fiafs.fed.us/library/brochures/dots/2010/Forest%20Facts%201952-2007%20English%20rev072411.pdf Discussion of Issues and Resolutions Noise • Difficult to completely address because of the closeness of residential areas. • Some of the noise will be abated by an assumed no cut zone between the residential areas and the harvest area . • Access points can have some affect on noise abatement. • Restrictions on the use of compression brakes when safety is not an issue. Reforestation • A significant amount of knowledge has been gained in the last 15 to 20 years regarding reforestation in the Kodiak Archipelago. • Starting with provenance trials to find the best seed stock suited for the area, to trial and error with different reforestation methods. • Questions have been raised regarding the success of reforesting harvested areas in Kodiak. • We believe the evidence found in the newer harvested areas on both Afognak Island and Kodiak demonstrate that not only can these lands be successfully regenerated, but the time frame for a visual new forest is accelerated. • The solution is to hand plant as soon as possible after harvesting with good quality seedlings. • This does not mean there will not be any failures, but by correctly planting and monitoring progress, these can be minimized to the greatest extent achievable. ..,rye p ,-„ter x w, y . a * Fs, �,..'R Wm t• xc- i" :e -'mad'€" r r aid r yy a rt-i .,�. a'.S F �i k C ai,:% ><4 y.-.i Val pv n w ttsr t .t' :Pi.f' S,, Ftj � F , t :tr H �t °arse !j i a ' v g [l ({� anti ,'�h414 i e i ft.K v SrF- w( 7T'. '�� Yy - -- s '. . ly fijri7.gj re.Ri.c3.,'J. t v �' e°a ago- ' u 1{ ev; .4-1, pp''rr.. lit"' f ), .4. in 71 si+sr .i}o- g'+=ivv.' iy r }y.. l.: itL "° f t {�P `Ehyi 5 4� ,, ate' `,,4 Y Y 4.^1T ..*' !' ' l %t . n. ' ,4 "fir" 1� z� — �' .t e+„'p ' 7�s a ° ,� _ ..-. '?\ 17,p -•x4es+y�yK` .5.4*--a .i.+'ms.µFe.r � v'1 d "+� 7s914 Jf,/ \i` ff-^fire/' Cc 5. r`t y i 2 2" � ct:„:r 4 �R i� '0.4-A 5'+ra `�N6%u�'7-c:j .^ e` ;r9 gs��J.`9.*�" f...�ry;;•. .. Hand Planted Seedling •in 2012 on Unit 23 Sequel Point Road •`{+�' ` H : ��R` '# ✓,fir z. e■ ,J( . ,i Lan^` '�'�� r n+w'' h\'� JS �`_yy`i ; 4 \C �� /-4/k, :fr t"L ,!' t'r,,.��+�tya, �g)^ae �k ,'r6 ✓'`°� sq t ty �,I4'�^r>'+ d/?X„ �arxImYF ,�� A'+.iy'r�"= .s� T4 .S e j^ it?, £ ,y `fir ti 4 tX, � fii \ �'^,n ' �4 1.z y ♦ ,s `.<uea' E' ,:n`5Ct ctt ♦t �A°?4711 �� 15 d. Y( "4ns,:�r F cf ya+r.'� `�-•a w*+ ig, 1+. 5i. 'Y ` '+� f r ' i ;':? "� � i f: r,3s”1 'oartS:41 a ��.:41t tif OA' yy'� a yit �y.'� a : ,,t' ' C� , ilk 's $_ ► t, p� ,,,�� S aAa J v 4 i •2W�, �q`,� .$i� �,.iU,. ,3'Fv .�-'� ' ,> ,nom: ° .ice C -, £1c,,,. rte, 1, S"7 ,4I' i'^ r'y h� < „A�tp Z s -K°' ks� ,r ^,1F;Gr^`i�y ites.t § fi b � , say r �v. 3 9 rt } y a .:1,i-rs- ' ''S ! ,� a w 8 fY'.''{?yMri"5�"2 l }xa+t�,'�.�^2J� a.: �` '%•;�"' _✓�► �i 1 Seedling planted in September of 2010 in Unit 6, Sequel Point Area fir t *4 yK - � A.3�;to':k 7P 5�1� 5r i � i Brier- o +'i` -.;•tT q `` "' t _'. wk� 1.. a� t e M�� n > ; 1ky .yo-^..�-- '9• ` a ) D A a 'f y : 'o-1 - 2, s ,�.. '.',"1-$:. 1 °1° � �“ l fi t�� sf ? F ,: Ili, #f/ I V`, i�''ar 4 ¢9k" ., r S 1• Ik w" / 4 f.7 J' .+ -4. '- -t Wi;eidA i. -,, /� ,b '�.:1�y}. F{ t"1 1'M uti W 4'1.1 'i�, a F� L '°Ty ci e s '1 6 n' L' .' J : h Lid . 4 -„, f y ,y .. yy♦ " . X -., /.,� 'e,47^ 4° t v i S,v .-I. i �3 - .. �z r, ) i sue:.ti'�. Twhyi ,r• . ,4..p- s � qr.• p 'nt Ig.. ( ��, F, 'no -4,i. f � _,'"^ iii'—ty fi? : 6. °�,. L-5+: s�' Y. sc S°. 'f ,• 28 inch tall, three year old seedling Unit 6. { j' "p i ,w�p j,..0 f'!' yEYS1^aP Y f < .r R B4" t rye 4 A5 tta*.i=*`1.S * L'.....%-2 ,"r-N5. '441" " 'M� � t..r .,,.....„+a��µs� +y b \ �},+ .� 1-4?-_'t3 z}�P .40,04,.,..„ T-n..a v : '-E 4„n'[i��.,tid. tti 3r fCw M �¢ O� Y f ,..4`,. .,,L.'`L':#>' < , 'may - g *�� a 4 y. l —,ar 7 Ji � ikr _ )“ 3 ra ,� �1- w�., ,r,I� Rai j �> sCit . iNl `::,-/ ?-•,i gf� rm*n1.-,7:-k . 4 t�xJ2:t;;t7,.7, j. _ sits- �'j , j ' ad' x ,pa atE < +� .i`„. %c :24! T4 ,f i'fig " v3 ;✓a w"t, S . 1 u. a '2y, e • !1 y'.. a i {{{ � ` � 3,,,,,,z,„_,„? e -', ' . s " 'err#f 't ','ty `w� i'- (` O I .. 1'hsrek�S '(Vryy.+`.yP: y. 4{fJ � y` 3 ly°114491 `"i "4' 'ate--F,,--fa rt.R ti:: -. g.Yx47«,f• ; w,',9S 'y"�^ Ey ...g^ :44. " .. Imo 4+t�,�fr':f;., # lc? / A V •r 54 f f �a, y, ri, . s, xft _ 4�tFrg_ rte..°&F e e �i a': �� v'°:'k fi.,, `n"ri ?. ,` ...:+ s' .11 30 inch tall seedling planted fall of 2010 v •4 x -, t Y 4 t 'F 4 4 - � a.��.� 1 ra as 4 M1t #fe F• a _ Mkt E t J c . a" 3 ,v r �," y'. td- ' J�F. { y>d',\f d `�'r:.H Jldf i !n J,.�, r. a ,r c I?'' f r" 5� 4 es • •a'. `{ s-' . ,,,;.. .--v ' '9 -.�^r"ri,-._..:/C' rhP „:,, '`N� ' ' -�",1` r`il ; `' .mot,,^' ^-1,,, :C4 ^}� '..3� q tN. ;;IsAE ;Z4" � r ! SH � r9 'y4 ifi+-�^��F�"!'.J�T -�- pSw e-;� 'mot Ay`- +..a. ma '. cry[._ '"4'[gAH.�. ' . 8�,_ysr'x. ...-. r°4 :o,,,,' =e• ^i. t+,a ".c�:t C.:tr.L cvV+' '_�F .:l.N r.Tilt- a+A "` °a',�" 4Y'-..3.J� tt• r t` 411, iJki��Z` ti. byt < I. f �s ---.4 ...'-_sn F`zf, -ip, ., 4. a -P`y c ti 5� 4 '. . ti itire -r:`� I � k y f;._.. S ,rf -4.-„,,,1''w„"�.e '.r. ` s>v ni w a .,q,4..i .-7-1'4 . y aN C,.. y4Y °°ST. .IjY' „` �.. � 1 f�r �� .+y T' .`-'f°"9;r•ra_J ,ate a {I.:.Fi M ? ,c. I �..If31:4,/ Fe 't ':4 f �1' � .I A V ��r �F a y—,,• .:��, .:,--r17,,,--'1.4 ¢r !u ,t It r y y. S= J.,`:ea" _ k fc >z ..2 t'' a � ait'in t t-. Y e g� + ?l 4 �yiF,-7:::41,...- �y Its ., "5y ti # ff .l J _ :4;�,_..b`� T.,- r{{ i e. 4 1�_f}y �t�( TJL" �.\_, •si I Afognak Island Unit Harvested in 1999. Planted with Juneau Seed Stock in 2000. Picture taken 4 years after planting. v . �•,,,Zw0.Y.--,'• pat' I A 3'✓re� ci,;ce ` , �y'!:- '. -' `§,9. aO :"A', ° 1 �",r- .y, , +R,S r S� 1_ ^-3 tea, K +�' r. LIZ g Ea„ ,y c t h ;,YY,�'4,; ,i.Y 'ti -,.. .+si,.a r 'Se - `` '1 a+ipy* �4 v 5 V :•7' 1� ` � / `mot "p 4�x`ri"";-4.- ,� ' " a` 7 spy' ' d 4#h`'+r y 4 °� 3 7a e y � ;',�f Pt?L ; #,t':K..i'F j t• s a dt+ gG'JE' 4Y` ,' 14 4 { �J¢y p:! t£ '.w..4,,,s f;fairect bilka-"'-filick•;4'4",r^:* Same Afognak Island Unit Harvested in 1999. Planted in 2000. Picture taken October of 2013, 13 years after planting. Trees are 10 to 12 feet tall. e 1 ,�,� ,�.�(ty{ �t lit f < x ' F s R. Y q - s 4 ive e Y yr s��"citbsi r." ., r `t, ye ?iv" pt s ea h� g x + v y i'4k R it t, �R MX bi.t,i r. yYf 1t '1' `a. Sit 3 - 3 tire 1 t}-h.�fs A V �i I,TF' Y '�' , r i+ Yk sF+;�` r1/2.V.:.,, Y"fi £ a Ah Y �,:i €s:Y r SI *`"+t ? ....�^ ..W.f.!Y1' V f, tl -.4 °t�\ i t o `e ' '41 tr 44 grr'{ . ',y 2 - 7�rp 4rs� k, .�, di # ppry X, : s0.,�T�h \�SM3�."11. 541 4� 1A;'�'ts�f,.. d�� 3y'4#�'� t�P4Rfi v mF a 6.y \ . # �a�y gha I. ' r.e icytlff c..,,/r! Vf."--' �.. �. .. ..r,..,....,. ?�;?�� .t*, .a••=r ,10......: .� , 9a 6 a�,..,+rsi`r_.el4W'1Sa. Y«wr Y x. • .a v aF .+ti 1,/ Unit 9034, Afognak Island. Harvested in 1990, 23 year old naturally regenerated unit. Trees are similar in size as the previously pictured 13 year old unit. wf. s,., i. rR° lyyy r ,� 4 Y. et til'{` s t t n. F ' "w 'y'c ;' '++ ft -- t "7a., ; �'t'.ti`-r ii— ,.+ y ,4 *.&tea, � s.r. `r �'i e d "' . !_,'*t n ix S � � t-'Syasy,�� tEd,t .L StSThV.A 6 r 7/.. c� t ate: t} ''',1411".154,V -. - i ¢ r '0;111 ± ... k �` y,}. "" r. .^u'' „ -. 5k tirr t"t: � . .r e . ^?Y a Y,"ta.. "t'a Afognak Unit harvested in 1979. Located 1.5 miles north of Danger Bay Camp. Picture taken October 2013. NaturaNy regenerated 34 year old stand. —� tea; "' \ �' -a"t' } t i,',:t Ix-: S•rimlet ' ' : Et i � rn `� • y y :2-,,t-,4 e,14 tllA ,,,,i ''' x�e 11cti ,.:7:11„C';',.1/21.:' �L 1r �‘'''s+-.'":'b k 1 st .. ° bry ..n d° ° T 2'h� .+ x,. 'rat r f i, Si is:t +..r � w ��a��>f a � r ^-" F u."z + �"�R %s �4'4,,: 4 '� , "� r, t`'� , M off"_ a''.' A >M ii r h �A-;‘.4,:' -�t..,2 e i ` aF t% �r1'eM J r t + '�i1 Y�' wi. _= f� i."'F 3) 14 w l $' f r# s j n 'YM�r � �'�f+`�r ]+ �3. 3�S X94 Afi� ,� �� x � b� a �avP e T l " X49 s ,y ' 4' S� ¢i�T`0.: •t `,. f g s. � r :-U nh �i.' '"t ` X; t'`"Y+y.of a".pY' F r �'e+3 yLe. '' �+i 4 ,3 -e+i- [ AM 1."`5111;41s;t i. ,,tr xA r' .ars''' � i h SS T}.f yr Y C ;VT! Aerial picture of KonCor unit on Afognak Island. Harvested in early 90's (92 or 93). I believe this unit was aerially seeded. '.' + px' 3 P h Ca 1: -.i `er g i.. Y* , 'dr w� - {" "* +.rn F L�,fa,� �t�K3P ..V.,11' `' !+ 4 .. r, e$S�r s 4ji: ,fit, 4z .ff,'k ` ' '��, : }�S�ri3fy�,�;,".�c4 ;i >~W2+-.��.j4,,{� , .';M ;rlx _ .s' 'ti ¢g +'S" y 1,4'2:1 "' w1''?; c �J ' • 'bit �9;'ll' ° y 5 WO � � f�j5f '� jt! a'v'+'t'� ♦ r p Y ��jta r �r ,s +�y it:a APP i `n^b 1 y erjM 3 ,% 3a !' =�i i "YS� u . r (I r .; 'H it ` A. .11 }u i#�{¢j t�"v��JY �, y tc (r C'�{ • tI' j ? Ntuf` A<a A4:= ft Pf"r t .1' ;1� 'P S IS 4 IA 7 Pt'°:, t1 C} ,*yh` 'P �Y4w s � ZM1ift ry iP;{ ;t� t i�^��K�°'�L�" ;''.1t-i'44044."� � � n?5 ! .,�it �{�}1 t 5��<�7f '�:. MI liket„14.11.Pc kY. a " � a" f ti k, t ° i• ' f 61:ripatt4,'0-1 :t k� �� ti ry �� t f:� Y,,r4..�t �. ��`P"I' 'b' s1t x� Eyt i�. ,al t 's` , %t,, yam,_. ,Ptt fity '0 fJ§.F�{ S ,, ° {Pft g,' aC,t t , yv cii, q� aG+ vc A to c s x 6, a. sG , T�, � < t'f i„'S.i't Tsit ^',.° 'a+>''., y 4, . •a + £�j JJ { ,f Sri Back Bay Provenance Trial Afognak Island. Four year old, 6+foot tall Sitka 7f;litriripsispitl. ,„ , ,a.....-,Spruce. Queen Charlotte Island seed source. Picture taken in 2004 Brush Piles • The purpose of piling logging waste is to make more ground available for planting. • The pile size varies depending on the percentage of non-marketable wood in a given stand . • Brush pile size can be lessened by recovering the component that will make firewood . Which the Borough could make available to the public. • Then the remaining residual mass can be left to compost, be burned, or scattered . • Scattering runs the risk of encumbering ground available for planting which is why you pile in the first place. • It is entirely up to the land owner to decide how to manage these piles. Their requirements should then be stipulated in the terms of a sale agreement. • It needs to be recognized that for there to be the highest possible return, decisions have to be made as to what is essential . Every activity results in a cost of which the overall value must bear. .. . s . ry ,., , , . . , . . ----- . • . _ ` 1 �ti3t• Iii i ,,. .. ...., . . .. .. , „_. , ,_ , r,:---,,,,',2- x - v I ^ la �+.,5„"� '"Ye A "'i s y N� 4 � � `�l�.w Mx+ ""w x..+,a :2.,�} y''��3i�p', 7".1.•;•::, :1-'n *v14I ra 4x ./f "r .F , r,x,i 7i- ti ''.. /'; I r E -4. v •- fpf.-wt' o- 'x.rl E ',i4,1� 1 � ,d e.. �, ."" , y • ti 3.>ii".h 'LY;si r�, c s,xx•R�'y+ �$s .i,,,St, I ;1 e �" x7grr 4144-T- k , t -;dr, "Y*C r' ✓ 27_ <4,1,44+' �, �'ai v x t µ '- k >, i"`i i S ✓'"/ -: ?1"5.,- "-„t''.1,,,et l',.. , r• 44,,,r..4.47.,.,.....1/4,•:4,,,..4.......N,'b /{. .1"..y 45f •1 /ni'•Y 1;74 14l.R k YR t.V '13•ri R-i'r{`"LKj.- 3� ,.::-A..-;71s.Y7, ti '. fg• , sr" y`:4+PET. A- ''11.5:4-"Y', - }4C ci.� e v- .",�� f—..,, �Lyt" . 1.°`.tei:' e ,SFr .eel.91, r ' ,;.-afi +-r ,,,r4'e-:""-rn, m r", Tra 3r:-.4. a-.— '`4+ .v,�'f. "n C (,j �G y-'1"i A4"w�z- . °'"x x 11 ' "5'* * °x 34"r 1L`�-:.0. 1ry'r", ..'±114c`+k,^t°" ,.may,' w 4. At l!�r I----4 . -r'+ ,: r * 'areri4'f.$.4.' 'yEk^ ,- #.' ii •`s4r. --2.:i This picture shows the reduction in brush pile size after recovering the firewood component. Roads and Access • This is not a new issue for the Forest Products Industry. • Access is vital for the fullest utilization of all resource. This is true no matter what resource you have identified . • In the case of timber harvest, roads are how this access is accomplished . • This road access can be very beneficial, but also have unintended consequences for land management. • Forest roads are built to a forestry standards (per FRPA 11 AAC 95.290) recognizing the amount of traffic they are anticipated to handle. • Generally, most forest roads are temporary in nature. They are not built to the standards of public roads. • Because of their temporary purpose, forest roads can easily be decommissioned by removing crossing structures and in certain cases by total removal . • What has to be taken into consideration is long term land management goals. Based on those goals, the decision can be made on which roads are to be long term-to remain open, and which are temporary- to be closed. • If excessive access is a concern then strategies and techniques can be employed to correct the problem. Material Extraction Sites • Just like roads, the material to surface the road is vital for proper construction. • Without gravel the ground would not withstand the repeated vehicle use associated with harvesting. • Being able to source road construction materials on the Chiniak Tract will enhance the timbers value. • Development of a material source site starts with the removal of the organic and mineral soil on top so as to expose the rock found underneath . • This soil is stock piled around the perimeter of the site and is available for re-contouring the site. • We understand the concerns associated with the visual aspects of material sites. • State mining law (AS 27. 19.050) only requires material sites greater than 5 acres be reclaimed, but given the concerns, re- contouring material sites could be a stipulation in the sales agreement. • The following slides show the results of re- contouring. • 1 " 'z- xv. o .4''1.414.0444'S b li �e}t t##''E,-TaS d. q' 1t i.' - f {�" }�ba' 1.war,�� t � . y 'XM1i ��a t E ''YiM ` Y X,:;„kr caivitio .t„,,,,t "'+1T'R;w 3 _ E i u :" . ar .— "4 x to 4`w ,i �-' 1 r tS,,,n r 8.,_ - w 41"1"' a :sr. ^� +` aa. a a K ' g•Sf r-° ¢rF ., 't.' fin k e hV 11-14 • auk 'te r* �LI -rrtl[ u�. .ip# � ,�" t ��i?�u+. ''f�.'7.-aaky, ; 'f. .. `Sd^N �"��.t:: � ,4�M;? Y4t., Reclaimed material site Unit 2010-12 Un-reclaimed Material Borrow Site collecting water Same site after reclamation.1.111 yy<,r t n , 4 p 1.P. —.1.1‘ $'. M: 5 h 7.1 s r �4} �' j ',^L •.,;c,,!,ha a k..'",1,t1!.. b y?A 11C`..:::: :. 2: - .., ry¢t' 1 r rl ;h• '1tv .?'6z'i ''F i` U ?5 x "i�S ;iir. l"ge'd• pe .`� 1 41? , : i f at ^' tA `;"4 •,•. '°�-,aY, ' , `` ' i'S •ssr��Si ,.y� ,° yf� 3 '.d.�y '' { ��t� •:'y. t .re .F {x.. ,�q 1 r ,i.._�17 t e a k.,� Y,,' a � 3 ri' 4,+ 'u r Xt f Y`ip z _• - aict�a ,� ,, J �• t �"p, r „,r.,,„ x,ft, a .,� .,..,,e,42:‘,, i :�� s J Yz v.:: �r , „ rw N t '+3 ^�. r ` ism ` , 544. �ez C: �' �AkU :v7 r ��. 3n. ..1 QnL'F.'rt"K X t,""M1S"+2.) 1-11:5;:i &p z M SX,BJeyt. a i "."W 4� x t�r t I + rY i�u Ted-3 F � ` -,+'r tit • a �- 'fit �tba: ' c„ 4 � T z .r 41„(? e W.�,''`^y-er��rcgg yar 3yii t+ 3 P � �" t5s" 'v� *b P s q-: �,`3+'4iL�4n f,9 r4 z z 9� �ftF *. T'O4 ✓,t M11 h r t ^a^ s ^ < e• ' MCC in.� e f ` �,a 1, `� ?`7.'m` S �t � ad x "s .! q � .�1f€�#a0. �YaG 'r.� 1�e'E l,.g.' „D' } 1 i 3w F'iatx:;: yi �� a *a `S. R ya• $• ,f � A" Nr Material borrow site sloped to facilitate water drainage k. , • -2:4 r F +..-.:a.�„ Y'a. Y'..- I, .... ,a`.}4,o sx ne. , o ^'^# :II. °m. cnointal f o ' ot r.1 i, \ 3 e � e ment _ - 'IN o rai ag ° a �Foren oro stLands u. .� .. i+n the. Chiiniak Aren. — r. , 47f ` :6 :. ..., a'n - d Neal Harts. . tttt :Jendro .& Hart, LLC �, ; Sunriver, Oregon Sri, 4`�a '.>•... ro4 of i B ¢3 e 3Y � •o 4 r �.". ,^`7t r.. ..''"l�i.4 m"�p''s-` k >— - ,�` £^°r -t _ v:. _. "''' u. .. . Kodiak Island Borough Forest Land Management Objectives : c 3. 1 to promote a health forest, p ; y 2 provide forest products, • 3 create economic opportunities, and � y ';4 enhance multiple-use opportunities \ • ` Timber management including� harvest � and reforestation. of the Borough's Chiniak °' property meets all of these objectives r 4 4 It Kodiak Island Borough Forest Land Management Objectives : 2, •4' to promote a healthy forest, te' ) g 41:4/ I 1 timber management including et,4 en. harvest and reforestation are ?pc beneficial a...9 r• eP..NIk's rs 4 AZ. • ,e1 .tre J'Y "rtlt r4; I th.' 1,e -Pt,„ t:ck-Pa'fa L 144.4s fi Stilt • •5147.7jc-PA 4'7,44* Z.'d 4 44,. 4,4 r 4 '■4 4 ,A F. le a f.1 ta0 How forest management, harvest and reforestation impacts forest health• • • • = an illustration from the intermountain west region 4 Til t t ber Harvest by.®wnershli o , ;°,-.'.,= � : 0 ` 00 Ilnte I I ®UI 1 �tFali�n Re on ' ° ,. . - `, ` t J,1 3,000 - 2,500 �1t� ori •'" A � � M ( "_ iJL11L it V`.. ill/�BViS /1 , 2,000 ' ®�® A F !II IA III IIIIIIIhan r (LL ..-,0,1 ,,,,,,II III IIIIIIIIIIIII III1 1 m 1,500 ,..-•' I__ i�� _ :..III ....�� '°.a I�1Y� ill VI • I - 1 p. ..! I '�‘ t. 1 'F. • 1,000 - 4f %` Private i � :500 a m! A _� - z�� r r_—e p �' 0� I 1.' I . I _ I I : I , . I I I ,J I I . I I P: I I I - 1980 . ; 1984. 1988 1992 1.996 2000 2004 2008 ; o ras xw i. .n *'„ F . st�,`r'£�.r s--a i f2 N ^ H'-`-s o� r� est.� s +. 'r v '.aesND H' xrvt o ationatt ,Inte outain WWes . ,s r rr n= 9w Y w, o4 . %b 'z " a t*''”32 » M t 4, ' 1 ”' .4-4,,a, e k a , '.4 mm yl L' t> 1 ;s 500 —1 is u _C > 450 — A } .,.' 400 — ] 98 5 , i§ ' 350 — r, di y 300 ' 4 ,4 250 — _ _.. J • y A' `' 200 e jar 1, H F%-, ' y ' `' . t_oA; 150 — .. s t. , 4'100 1.: rA, �, x 995 ,1. hx 50 v SI 005 a to w t A • . . ..�, . , J l -i2 7 O im r4 E. ` ^ w ;. v/ �-,*3.r ,� ,. t—,-, „ . . e,.^. '7,•-•?, -14f.-"` a... c° a , ., .: �.-✓J. t.-, c, F` i ." t... a f,iC .,r • W?--s ",L-. " ;in Nets G;ro' 'L►�'Mortals &? Hca► r estr. , r - � tin�aalsF�o, es�tLanc k ✓ M. � rY 'N�3� YlY� ^LF E gM s, w n ��' pi� �;:�Growth4 � ar 35 Rate Declined t. g4 a I Net 30 - b3'#41% I ` �F ✓ #-- , Growth N 25 ,P4, , , i "� des 1 n. �-34� �, a 20 xd tW Y r...: t-,_-;;" �.� I _ rc ; A '<:''''., 0 Natural 7.. t � � 15 : `= Mortality M. -i47*1.-- rate -8 0 � e , w, r morxt�e o o � s -,7-' Y ,1 x r -':{ 1 Mi �' °p yYte y h.® 'i IarYest. 0 -;-doubled ) R ..... ' ; ' t pie' er acre ; Intermountain- Region :1+ s ti"'4 . 1'4:a, 1. w µ�`.:9'9'!a','" M „` E1 t4. :• ?.'ry `r . 41'-�5,g4 ;. ,z...? .% / F- ^a d'@`�v .. / '..S.rw�.r' .k. h°i t.. , 3i� 3 ?,.]V^e, _ s33bs. n r Y+U'Ar �4 r ,: • •ETet ®ro: 1 , Aka ►e h ty arvest Private 'core-�st an o s - j , 985 • • • t , 200_5_ 35 •• , • � ONet � ''x 30 - Net CroMh Growth e x ti •.!...:, p, t c f[ ew iLL 25 _ s oI� 20 Si . , J , / DNaturaI � � em 15 , ,- Mortality L_"‘;/:,-.,• 3 , • f• 1 �ncu�e se ® Harvest cal. . .. ; ..,..:,, .. < ^-} • ,: I ., ¢,: », �m^:? .r 'imd-.-°` �: ,e i n•Per acre . Inter I I ®timt�ai�n Region s• ",,. _ 1 r' ' r-! d -" i •,.., r E ,r - P o.. 1 97 z 9 A - t C: '�'^; - a.M.,..nx�'e4 ,r is •°�.-.1,--: �.. . ,Cil' a •�'' n E Fl �° � � � y1i61 � Ineenftor of�D�e-t, T' mbe�r. , j: s Billion ft3 .: 18 - � r i d s tF) .:° I P P. •'� 2005 � _.,�.� ,� ,tea. ��,��, - , 16 ... 1�7 .��1,{`Bill ton [}{L. t 1- 14 :" V 10 y"` l' .P. 8 I 1 _ r , annual 1.995 4 ,' . 3 I I 1 1, 4 from .. 6 X1985 I I r 11,, t ewne �� © - J 1 I ` I V „ . } r: 0. 1 :Intermountain Region, .��.i�.n7?��gT,i�:�/' "'�d'R i ,n.�,a ",per- ";�c"`^."�'' s'k'y' c'�'%ua a� .''t �a ..<�u�' ,"` q »'° 34 c „Ye.${ip': �u �v _ x �' e 'h^fil�.x $4-.` •. _ cl. Q ... .0,R w.x". g • 0 • c o o c ' o lg i ° 0 Cal il C.) o oI °Its _ • ° ,- lij can = - v (2)v v aA 4—i IS 0 t:it) (2) r■I 11 It g CU 0 al az) rcs It trd 0 .,,. cw . :E.., ....0 0 � v . , .0 cin°d' i A v cit iii ! liii : ,._. c=3 �Q. al, n Pq Kodiak Island ° Borough • , 3 Forest Land Maria ement Objectives : • Y „ i ' o pro ; o:e a 7 ealth •r crest, j� . r -, s 32 provide forest products, Fy �ry , ' P � 3 create economic opportunities, and h , x 4 ha ee ultiple-use o po to i ies • i -r<��u.§a� � s a � � � } a 4 ti �a is -'01h1, ce" #, . . • a[' r .� r"" m tint �a y xd� �. ' 3s .4 •a �.y x -A a 0 o , . ,4. k 'Borough's Window Hof Opportunity Current harvest operation on Leisnoi ownership enhances economics of Borough's Chiniak timber: >Approved and economical means of transferring logs to ships _ ➢Improved access g > Reduced mobilization expense >Reduced market risk t: Window of opportunity closes when PP Y Leisnoi operation ends . cocQ ° otent�ial off' Chiniarber E i� s a► g �0� ftntu® jIlocal ecooq • `-- - - _, • � � m o� revert C� t® 0 oro h . ' :8 illion.A seafood o t ber severance taxes } e.)-", 6 rsi. t. ._ �s£per .. ;. ' .. 3 °�° ,se `s ➢ 40 direct 1C fobs 7 3 o rect° � o�k � XX i yy3 gip ``�C � o - t Borough neQ , for d stra �Q Q �oy �diverslflcafo an ti, 't;„s > Kodiak Island Borough Forest Land Management Objectives : 1 to -pro rote a Aealt� y forest , 2 provide forest products, i3 create economic o portunities, and 6 2 4 enhance multiple-use opportunities -Forest roads remain as an asset to the Borough providing improved access to the forest for future , 3 management and recreation use activities J � Timber management including Iharvest and reforestation of the ,,$ Borough's Chiniak property: e v .1 promotes a healthy forest, 44 fi" #Y Xt` Y. 2 provides. forest products, a .' „..„.• , • � ' 4 3creates economic opportunities, and ;; 4 enhances multiple-use opportunities t- ` i 5 sz � < .'1 ^ may�¢¢�„�; . ist '. -11i 1 _ .. w _ 4... .. - rAS .e w t • Vii' . . - .. , • } - . � i rrCI � � eS0ue st 4 nt t ;.a . • a . mow. - , .. F • XT• • it _ + _�! �' a `• ti Neal Hart �� a ; . Jendr0-. - Hart, -LLC &¢: Sunriver, Or, e on ,F . I .. ,% ,r-. rv° ...'/f,ss•• t- .s.... rr � i , (�} 4l.i - w -a P• C • nT. , .F • •.,'�-' �`�t> �. '^ !" b. -‘-.?.-!0. ♦.a�4 X X4 � . �' .a,V , e u).-.--iv—��r d ':c<° . ",--42',.,‘,''4� -.9-4'vh '`i ,i.'?d' e ✓c 4 :„.•,.. +T' 4ro x the yLryM , {;u ry . .. an Yoh �, . o-0 r ° Neal Hart .. j'endra: $�W Hart, LLC 1y ° - ' 4i °g Sunriver, Oregon , ,gr. t^; - ;610::;;;;444,41:41,4„,t .G1't pha �`.-... ..mss 3 `3- yg w i : ' '^ "h'-,m'�' -fr r5 suety,. Proposed Harvest Area Area Map FP-4rw sSrt't i`+.' i. x't ti.# 'Y�"4Y ti"v' o _ - ' i pw aN r €w1 *r',` % �o fr + 4ysfsk ,{ ast .Y ':u 1 y� ti `S ' '` '\' ' 4- �Y'1. al r. y tot t.• 4 4 4 4 3 /.- E ,R, cP, 4 4,A 4- # 1 4 4 - 4 4.k A 4 • 4;..- P / 4 4 # # t 4 4 a 4 4.4 4 . r# 4 4 t 4 t4 i 4 .Legend se O t t# 4,4, 4.4. 4 4 4 4 4.04 4 i4 4 �Senm u.. 44441x. ,444 +: 1 + 4.44.+ 4 4 4 t/ < 4k4 . ' it 4 `{ 44444 4.44 _ �{i:wirs 1 r 4yb @ - , l� t4tf B•en 4Yt- ,'3441,414',1 .4+444 , / ( rei.p 0...a swarm a; 4 4 `r. 4 # 4,' 4 4 1 ver:.s ?' 44 # 4 44„ 4.4444 4:} 44 } .t- ®Borer t 4 4j4„J. 4 " '# 4 # 4 4r 1 4 1 4 1 �/' 4 4'4 1 44�,, 4 .4 1. 4 4 4 4, *3 M • �{;'1 _ O pe ace 4 4 } 4" 4.G'. 4'+4 t 4 4- '4.+414 y I Quic w.prp 0 ♦44,1.4 # s',} 44444a -7--..1 .,, 4 , t4 i.t t 11414-#s44 . 1 `x4:j! Private Property . YY '� by) 4 4 4'• Y_4' 4 4 4 1 4 4 4.` # 1,4 o•alar 1. ,/ , �'A. \ l`a _ _rF ` EMT LED. -or' .ti e 1100151.320 October 20,2013 me am...44 pr•pwS W n.I'wow conmbm•lac 14114 the prpote oIa.a,UW 41 K11 rot corm tlN.Cant-of VA MIII7 nct.nr of me,bmopn a contain Pm-meson is meume sem. '.waac.is 4h lonsw amass almen w.¢p•or Ja co.ert IM 4e por,a I IM a-tb' • This map shows the area we believe represents our stated revenue projections. • It is approximately 788 gross acres in size. • It has approximately 25 acres of Non- productive areas. • It has approximately 91 acres in RMZ as required for FRPA compliance . • This means there is approximately 672 net acres available. • 672 acres should have the volume necessary to meet the stated revenue projections. • This area also nearly mirrors the Leisnoi Proposal for 800 acres. • The area is compact and can easily be identified on the ground . • The area has scalability. • This area is accessible with numerous options. • The area shown will adequately buffer adjacent properties. • With approximately 120 acres remaining the Borough can explore other development options. Economic Potential of Timber Management on Forest Lands Owned by Kodiak Island Borough In the Chiniak Area on Kodiak Island, Alaska October 23, 2013 Jendro & Hart, LLC 18160 Cottonwood Road #214 Sunriver, Oregon 97707 Jendro & Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 1 Qualifications Jendro & Hart LLC is a forest management, economics, and policy consulting firm located in Sunriver, Oregon. Mr. Jendro and Mr. Hart have worked as consultants since 1977 and 1980 respectively, focusing on the areas of appraisals and valuations of timber and timberlands, forest management strategies, market studies and price evaluations, antitrust and trade issues, and management evaluations and impact analyses. Typical clients include forest products and services companies, from large to small, Indian tribes, native groups, associations, utilities, government agencies, and individuals. Purpose and Scope A-1 Timber Consultants, Inc. ("A-1") has asked us to review and evaluate current economic development opportunities available to the Kodiak Island Borough from management of its Chiniak area timber resources. This report is a summary of our findings. Acknowledgements We have inspected the Chiniak area timber resources owned by the Kodiak Island Borough. Our findings are based on our experience and the analysis summarized below. We have no financial interest or personal interest in the subject property, nor in the evaluation results, other than our professional responsibility. A-1 has paid for our work on the basis of time and expense incurred. No past or future compensation is contingent in any way on the conclusions expressed in this report. This report has been prepared at the request of A-1. Its use is limited to A-1 and those authorized by A-1 to use it. Kodiak Island Borough Forest Land Management Objectives The objective for management of Kodiak Island Borough forest lands is to promote a healthy forest, provide forest products, create economic opportunities, and enhance multiple-use opportunities."1 These objectives reflect the standards of management for Borough-owned (municipal) forest land as required by Alaska law: "(1) forest land shall be administered for the multiple use of the renewable and nonrenewable resources and for the sustained yield of the renewable resources of the land in the manner that best provides for the present needs and preserves the future options of the people of the state; (2) a system of allocating predominant uses or values to particular units within a contiguous area of land shall reflect in reasonable proportion the various resources and values present in that area; (3) to the extent its capacity permits, forest land shall be administered so as to provide for the continuation of businesses,activities,and lifestyles that are dependent upon or derived from forest resources; 1 Kodiak Island Borough Land Management Code, Section 18.100 Forest Management. Jendro & Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 2 (4) timber harvesting is limited to areas where data and information demonstrate that natural or artificial reforestation techniques will result in the production of a sustained yield of merchantable timber from that area; (5) there may not be significant impairment of the productivity of the land and water with respect to renewable resources; (6) allowance shall be made for scenic quality in or adjacent to areas of substantial importance to the tourism and recreation industry; and (7) allowance shall be made for important fish and wildlife habitat."2 Economic Opportunity In Management of Kodiak Island Borough's Chiniak Forest Land A significant management opportunity that meets all of the Borough's forest land management objectives and standards currently exists in the harvest and replanting of certain mature spruce timber stands located on approximately 900 acres of Borough-owned forestland in the Chiniak area. This 900-acre property contains mature spruce timber of which approximately 800 acres is suitable for harvest at the present time.3 The harvestable timber is over 100 years of age, has slowed markedly in its rate of growth, and is experiencing increasing losses to defect and deterioration?This year, the Kodiak Chamber of Commerce reported that second growth stands resulting from harvest and replanting of the island's mature spruce timber will yield a greater volume of better quality timber in a shorter period of time: "The stands now in place are relatively short in comparison to the more highly developed stands of Southeast Alaska-130 feet as compared to 200 feet in total height. Second growth stands that develop with natural regeneration following clear-cutting will produce more recoverable volume per acre and higher sawlog grades in a shorter period of time than the present stands contain. Approximately two-thirds of the timber recovered from the existing stands is grade 2 or better sawlog material while the remainder is grades 3 and 4 sawlogs."s 2 Alaska Statutes, AS 41.17.060 section (c). Quote shown is the entire text. 3 Portions of Kodiak Island Borough parcel numbers 18896 and 18826. See subject area map, attached. A portion of this property is considered to remain unharvested as buffers along anadromous streams and for the protection of other resource values. The harvestable area is estimated to contain 15,000 to 17,000 MBF of merchantable timber and is located on portions of Township 30 S, Range, 18 W, Section 6 and the western 1/3 of section 5; Township 29 S, Range 18 W, southern 1/4 of section 31, and the southwest 1/4 of the southwest 1/4 of section 32, Seward Meridian,Alaska. 4 Sources: field inspection and stand evaluation by David Nesheim. 5 Kodiak Region Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy, May 2013, Prepared by: Kodiak Chamber of Commerce, pages 18-19. While the Chamber's comments suggested use of natural reforestation, use of planting immediately following harvest is most often the preferred method for successful reforestation and best future growth of these forestlands. jendro & Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 3 The opportunities for economic development of Borough-owned forest resources on Kodiak Island is limited due to their mostly remote and dispersed locations.6 In contrast, the Borough's Chiniak timber is situated along the Chiniak Road, near an existing forest road network, and proximate to an active timber harvest operation. Window of Opportunity The Borough's Chiniak timber management opportunity coincides with the arrival on the Island of a timber harvest contractor (A-1) presently harvesting timber on adjacent timberlands owned by Leisnoi Native Corporation. The infrastructure developed for that timber harvest operation includes a dedicated dock facility presently under lease for the transfer of logs to ships. The owner of this dock facility has expressed an intent to pursue another use upon termination of the current lease (which may occur in early 2016). This change in use will leave the Port of Kodiak without an approved means to transfer logs to ships. Aligning the harvest and reforestation of the Borough's Chiniak timber with the ongoing harvest and reforestation of Leisnoi's Chiniak timber will enhance the Borough's economic opportunities. Specifically, for timber harvest operations to be feasible on Kodiak Island, there must be a sufficient supply of harvestable timber available to defray the substantial expense of moving timber harvest equipment to the Island. A-1's contract with Leisnoi for Chiniak timber is for at least 100,000 MBF of timber, while the Borough's Chiniak timber will yield 15,000-20,000 MBF of timber. Standing alone, it is unlikely that the Borough's Chiniak timber resources are of sufficient volume to justify these expenditures, especially if there is not an approved and economical means of transferring logs to ships. In combination, the presence of an active timber harvest operation on the adjacent property enhances the timber value for the duration of that operation, currently projected for completion in early 2016, and creates an opportunity for improved economic management of the Borough's Chiniak timber resources. Consequently, time is of the essence in pursuit of the Borough's Chiniak timber management opportunity. Timber Management Compatibility With Land Use Policies and Objectives The Borough's Chiniak forest lands are presently classified for conservation use. Timber management, harvest, and reforestation of the Borough's Chiniak property are consistent with the Kodiak Island Borough Land Management Code (Sections 18.100.010 and 18.100); the goals, policies, and implementation actions outlined in the 2008 Kodiak Island Borough Comprehensive Plan Update,'; and the Findings 6 See Figure 10.2 map of Kodiak Island showing the location of areas of spruce forest in Kodiak Island Borough Comprehensive Plan Update, January 2008, Chapter Ten Environmental Quality at page 12. 7 See Kodiak Island Borough Comprehensive Plan Update, January 2008, Chapter 4 Land Use and Ownership, page 28. Jendro &Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 4 and Recommendations of the governor's Alaska Timber Jobs Task Force.8 All of these planning documents emphasize the need for active management of natural resources to secure benefits for the citizens of Alaska in general and the Kodiak Island Borough in particular. Federal, State, and Borough regulations governing the design and implementation of forest management operations on the Chiniak property will ensure that appropriate protection is afforded to all public resource values.9 Timber Production Is Sustainable On The Chiniak Area Property All forestlands in Alaska must be promptly reforested following harvest.10 There are proven techniques available for the successful reforestation of timber stands harvested in the project area. There is extensive recent experience in successful and economical reforestation of spruce stands following commercial timber harvest on Kodiak and Afognak islands. The cost of re-establishing a stand of spruce timber in the project area will consume only a small percentage of the net proceeds expected from the sale of this timber and will provide for additional employment and economic benefits to the local community.11 Economic and Community Benefits of Chiniak Timber Management Total economic activity generated by harvest and reforestation of the Chiniak timber would exceed $9 million and provide full-time employment for an estimated 75 to 80 local area residents. Borough Timber Sale Stumpage Revenue Stumpage payments to the Borough from a 15,000 to 20,000 MBF Chiniak timber sale are expected to total approximately $2 million or more. This amount of revenue is greater than the Borough's FY 2012 total General Fund revenues collected from all property taxes and payment in lieu of taxes at $1.6 million, or from all severance taxes for the seafood and timber industries at$1.8 million.12 Project Expenditures Other Than Stumpage Payments Expenditures for timber harvest operations excluding stumpage payments are expected to result in $7 million or more spent in the local Kodiak economy. Among 8 Report to Governor Sean Parnell Prepared by Alaska Timber Jobs Task Force, Administrative Order 258: Final Report, June 2012. 9 See for example Alaska Forest Resources and Practices Act,July 2006. 10 Alaska Statutes § 41.17.060. 11 The cost of successful reforestation of recently cutover spruce stands in the Kodiak Island group is reported to be approximately $375 per acre. The net stumpage proceeds from the sale of the Chiniak timber is expected to be in the range of$2,000+ per acre. 12 Source: Kodiak Island Borough Adopted Budget July 1, 2012 - June 30, 2013. Found at http://www.kodiakak.us/documents/3/128/FY2013%20Budget_2012121417431 59121.pdf. Jendro & Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 5 these expenditures are additional revenues to the Borough including severance and property taxes. Employment Forest management, timber harvest, and reforestation of the Borough's Chiniak timberlands will assist in meeting the recognized need for diversification and stable employment in the Borough. The Kodiak Chamber of Commerce noted this year that: "The major economic development issue faced by the area is the need for diversification, both in seafood harvesting/processing and in the economy in general. Unemployment in Kodiak is highly volatile, ranging from 4.9% to a little over 9.4% in 2012, due to the seasonal nature of the fishing industry. ... Bringing stability to the seafood processing industry by diversifying into additional areas of value-added (secondary) processing, while at the same time diversifying the economy as a whole, is therefore a major economic development goal for Kodiak Island."13 The timber harvest project at Chiniak would provide about one year of full-time direct employment for approximately 40 workers in the community of Kodiak. These are among the highest paying jobs in the Kodiak economy. The Kodiak Island Borough Comprehensive Plan notes that: "Employees in the natural resource and construction sectors earn the highest average wages of Borough residents. Logging employment dominates this sector in the Borough. This sector does not include workers in the commercial fishing sector."14 Economic activity in one enterprise generates activity in others through the purchase of services and materials and as employees spend their earnings within the local economy. The employment multiplier for logging enterprises in Alaska has been recently estimated at 1.92.15 This multiplier means the 40 direct jobs involved in the timber harvest operation will produce a total employment of approximately 77 jobs in the Kodiak community (40 x 1.92 = 76.8). Additionally, in the years following harvest, this project will create more jobs involved with reforestation and management operations for securing future timber crops from this area. 13 Kodiak Region Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy, May 2013, Prepared by: Kodiak Chamber of Commerce, page 7. 14 Kodiak Island Borough Comprehensive Plan Update,January 2008, Chapter 5 Economy, page 1. 15 Source: 2008 Final Environmental Impact Statement Tongass Forest Plan Amendment Record of Decision at page 3-496. Employment multiplier includes direct, indirect and induced employment impacts. Jendro & Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 6 Improvements The purchaser would construct approximately seven miles of forest roads at its own expense that will remain as a valuable asset to the Borough and local residents, providing improved access to this area for decades to come. This improved access would meet the Borough's forest land management objective to "enhance multiple- use opportunities." Location of Kodiak Island Borough Chiniak forest property Vicinity Map 1 ' 1 k % pure i Kodiak CM , , v• G, 9 e aJr 4 I • d � NS a • C 3 • • • • 1 t p J Ac -s---' .•. • .•C -b /l �� P 4.4 ti (e.1 & to , / cP b 1 Inch=^ta i58rea '� October 20.2013 me map yes prepared by Put Timber Consultants Inc 141)for the purpose of eepey only a,Piles not rerenty the acaueq W the map nor any Of the nbmenon it mnbnf.Penneecn is required bebre repodncnn.bbfonary.enyartl ate.°metes f leaq,s are Me s e propedy00.a snow Jendro & Hart Report: KIB Forest Lands Page 7 Ownership j .41_1- '-TCrw'^? t; 1v r'„pr k' trz °9'!r ,r tt- `f r'Y',y"se" s 7e�., _� i^ ?....t�eL r 5 sSIE,: c 1",tik' S `YenZY•' 4µ ay.psr•w= s e 1 F.. y j �PJ P rl�\ —a�- - 3nb fYy�fi��hk� ��~<. ti A Legend maeae Puna pwb e .POrei LFe: u)e'b"am:pep � Rivdte Pioperty incn a ns- OPMb ,3 =1,320 ket , �A" °r" A 1 October 20,2013 ma m:p ms pepaee by Al mincer canal/ants Inc.µl)u' me WPM of mpey ban Al bona nd mnry Og aconcy en any man c any of Ne adlnbon i1 m a Pnm@bn a FyaM Mde mprAUmy.MOnaecaN y em elan cancan v anon nrt art me popery elm.aoew. Streams ':f \"`Ana. scek'�Ya:wilz y r i 4t-V4s. ir .y.,y, V 3 M s 1:::::;;Etal:::::taaj::-.1::::!:::-.7:1"..lii-if:74.2::::: a:15::::;,:la 1:::::'::4S;:k: n {" � t..-1,:$a Y r,{? � j �` v a le '�r�-,fl 3;e 04t4Ij e 44t'x c x''�ye} ,��qq 1 04.0i�c fly , y k Fib' '' `� a Z;gyt� ff ,�g.. 4;-.4e7, ,,.}'0' 1` 4a. u+ G, X` �yj7 a g"11.9 October 20,2013 maa,m..ap.pnlnb by al limber em.,nm ha(41)be me winner away Per AIbnav wmvy ex armory!ea ap v Tiny er me nRmebm it flea Permrace.nVVrM ttO'e rtpnLCnp.N1nnaly any a^OYbnea¢e¢etl v*.yla em Neu*pepdyor Pe acw. Page 8 Jendro & Hart Report: MB Forest Lands A-1 Timber Helps Monitor for Invasive Insects Through US Forest Service EDRR Program Non-native bark and ambrosia beetles are a serious threat to US urban and rural forests. The US Forest Service in 2001 developed the Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDRR) program to monitor for exotic forest pests. In 2007 this program was launched nation wide with the cooperation of state forestry departments. Due to limited funding the program depends heavily on volunteers to collect field samples to be submitted to state and federal entomolgists for identification. These exotic insect species can possibly find their way into new habitat via vessels, dunage, packages and containers from foreign ports. A-1's operation on Kodiak Island depends heavily on foreign vessels to ship their logs to market. Because of our existence depends on healthy forests we strongly support efforts to prevent the introduction of exotic insects that may threaten the very forests we depend on. We deploy three monitoring traps in early spring and collect samples every two weeks through out the summer season. These samples are sent to the Alaska State entomolgist for identification.The traps are then taken down in the fall. In all we monitor insects for six months annually. 5 3F4 i;•:.: 1 •% . Ad i'i 42 ',' v ifi - .':: ' L4 ))V.;. 1 y f ' b 8 ) 5 z 2 ° ru ,-e_* , a' u, 1s 4".t..11.� tt b- A,V4q irct `Q a .• q � z? g/ .* r? Pqq rlx ,: s t ry 1,1111 T fi . ' ,� � k �� t '> 4 � � , �w wx 1c z "� s � y "i,t,roc+ �� i Z{ *owj,,>*:.;ta, r®ro; v a,t•7' : 2'ist ✓., ,tit ',a- q,�� s A y i*L �el'zj rkr ys.F/ .j tT i� � E•.#�r '' .s�".'.'r .ti.. L� � �i�+.r✓�` k �4 d�� a s�fst , Sir s {,.e' '�"t � '�i S '�1 lr x -."�.ttr� �� ,t- z,� yrya:�.,,sla, 6,1'r�,,: 1i-�?+q. 4K 1�..�z:4..t11 jac t it y f:'',. ,.(,<�: �S9ge,-r5 ez'Z t z2 �J ms. --‘i.,- T; s�tzp te,,x sr`,�-41 .;swA ,- in-4'Q ",.. dPv�yp. ...t¢t Y t� i 3t G (� Cr. 46 p 40��IC '§tJ f"z∎ {� >C��! �,qq +� 3,y t&t rt. •r "a T z f 1 �w ,�� !�� y Monitoring for Exotic Insects with a Cone Style Insect Trap Art-lc Timber's In Kind Contribution Supports Alaska Department of Fish &Game With Stream Sampling Project In September of 2011, A-1 Timber wrote a letter of support for Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) to receive a grant from the Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund (ASSF) which would fund the identification of fish habitat in streams found on lands owned by Leisnoi Incorporated on Kodiak Island. Ai DF&G with A-1's in kind support was successful in obtaining their grant request and field sampling began in April 2012.The sampling program devotes two days each month, starting in April and ending in October, to the sampling of streams found in six major drainages on Kodiak Island near Cape Chiniak for juvenile and adult salmon habitat. Both electro shocker and minnow traps are used to capture and identifyjuveniles. In 2012 we sampled approximately 18 miles of streams.We started our second season in April 2013. '� ^r _F to �xy, '�, "C.w, , Ott_ "4 s f � im'. r "} ,r '� v h„,, . �4r � � > ��t 4y �1� w�q� �, t� ,� 4 t, ' , + .a w .' r r•,'.. Win z eC*1- „,,,b,"‘‘,„,.44..1!-.r � Juvenile Pink Salmon g., r - 7 t x x 6. # * o b - E - ?,:7::::- a - f: ” fY.JM �yl .yfJ, d Ni � � 4 t } s an,, -S q(r{t " u11 . } 4 t , , r� ,, i 3,r F•` .,.'ham• ,. 5�]it.? -, �} t _ R 7 f i bC ^�.• Q, y� . ,'., J 1. 7'' nr. T +1 p4 t'�v ` . 5 ,r_ c °; 'dY"✓r,� .f'H_ e n .a . c° ,'M .'€Zrn+r r. Juvenile Coho Salmon t „Fitt ` :iti 2J ,i Q L9 a'ID v � ` Ya�i.{'a�.c, 4.4 ii ✓ ¢i3��{�... ta^d va it .�,s% •' �. '.,-��.5. i °"' ' r,rp ;- t ''et r 1." s » :Sfggg:;p, _' �� ''�"g �7 'hy? y' r M Yf�t� t Y a t4=iri":+d y i L , . ' y° o f �2 e 4. `:. .. T.r' 4 i,,4-, "-n;.-- �a t• ;a.J `'''' as,1;�, , - v 1`ta I.GT 4. �C �+. "`i.. r -4 44c-42:::-„,"l }e N j- ty` f �.,,Fs . 'N d .Y fit,T""'!�P "�i. Y f >1 we y.,t is . P ,w4. '' er - a ".4 +' --4;,,,,,..„(A ...4....�I', I ] „[ y ya-a" - .._ -.'yy kt V:". . . , a te• +"it'd.- w,. ~ ry . , .�s_ a r it ��* : �11ya'iT ,arum—. yf i, '2tt, ';v x'f - � ��C..t.4.• t �r"y� � Pig I ,�}t� ,..,,,, fi ,, ,,,..'iS �. ire» (y�tl y�S}pJ R.ta- ��,t� Juvenile Coho caught With Minnow Trap '0 y' +y y o 2,l�Ms--:"."a ./+T'et. Y ".+" Fr". av�x.. �y.'3�. A' :Y' Y'w" - 'w -e. .,le r4'° 4,44;`'r. . ~ 1,u t.4` ayy °y•i1kr AC.r .* �,..^y4 C. a.`'"'•+• ,, 7 .. �ty(y, �YyWY f.,'- 2- 4' Yy r 3., ' .w wxt r 5r iS A i �E 4A, � ;:1 1 � . v ,pt t f y� 4,a 4a a _r ,r t. a atolj u _'tea ° -, Rf Oai.UV» ��4. 9n� 'yr; .-M a Y'" •' s4' 'hew, �� P. -� .° q Electro Shocker xdE +'Ts,' 't d 'r a-44,-x.,,,, yr�..'�"" %w f .� �. ` r. "�.�d �x4 .t i 1,5,� ` 't!.� .41 --4 .. trfi ` r"' ett a. a zsi,5 r ,i �tir N w, . of/Ply 441164 4 ifi 2( z ,µr . 4 - ",- t, 1 . 't" y Y y r 1 _ � y- `' ,a ..a < $ 1^." > d' 4A 7t Y t.,Wt- »r Y '*e�� rY. }� p. � •` r�b� Sy' t �`�S k �JK .x� �i� a ik `t :Ilya.; n ^nom sr k -3 ` ''':';,.;:,34?tvs^�tt '4 k a '�a{ §s'3? cf, ."s-- r r srr r ^w r 4^ - c-a x.- . 3" 1 6 � ,yfnSS-. f '.dg #Pa."' 5t y a ' 44, .. 4 r "4:17=1,1%.'x q .` `t, .a ∎e r tic 4.. caY :� ,kw; . a 3'c if'" $1-11,1,r F s hN cT (.,--fr ♦ 2f ..? ,ir0 3 t: "` d . -.14 i„. E m y-aa, ''4"^ 'le-t ,,.. ms" IA% .`* ry ..,` '�' rr f t .;/ a'�s't�ko` {g+' .r? E` '�:a L $'R'• ,�,,,� ate." ..+,we: ,# yS�, --. :Nt4..sw' d�kd.'ry c„� . t. >rm Lower cap Creek f \&U ® o - .. • . , C C 1 . 'C � .u: D D} 4, NVA-iV SP [gg , • [Ili cT A . cp B. L N 1'. ? i orsir Yom : 1. 4�4N,� h'l Y Y r r of ,N,ysT� yS, r r Q 1 M i = � 0,- L1 {r i _ ,2 d ft r3 t,4.k_l 5'.E l..Nr 'r• .h r x'^,s40.-.. --,"`.. < rt ti A t tsi.f-$5i,}{* "v r tFi. t f"6 „,n1 - ,-4 i I3• .J 4 r rF' a'a�d/'S F V jAl:.!' g � rs * s 4" C�y�� 45 � ,IT,k. F F •,a { s- 'a ,- , . .,\` -ya .:, ^a. s1."" . n 5 ,. + ` Yaerq rii'"f'r sra 4 L a d- yf . ivr ate y s 4, ^ 5ci a. �� y 4-x:T: .,_ t• ti` 5 �. t i 'r . r 1 I 3 y. M3 �c �_ , �. a d, ni; tdy,C"j 4,p�,; -s Editors Sonja N. Oswalt Resource Analyst Forest Inventory and Analysis Forest Service Southern Research Station Knoxville,TN Mike Thompson Research Forester Forest Inventory and Analysis Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Ogden, UT W. Brad Smith Associate National Program Manager Forest Inventory and Analysis Forest Service National Office Washington, DC Contributors The editors gratefully acknowledge the following people for their review and contributions to this brochure: Susan Alexander Linda Joyce Karen Bennett Linda Langner Thomas Brandeis Jim Menakis Tom Brown Patrick Miles Brett Butler Dave Nowak Sally Campbell Charles (Hobie) Perry Sally Collins Kurt Riitters Ken Cordell Ken Skog Dave Darr James Smith Joseph Donnegan Jim Strittholt Curt Flasher Borys Tkacz Linda Heath Chris Toney James Howard Christopher Woodall Contents Page Introduction 2 Forest Inventory Data 3 Other Data 3 The United States in a Global Context 3 Land and Forest Area 4 Reserved Forest 6 Timber Land and Other Forest Land 7 Urban Influence on Forests 7 Forest Ownership 8 Fragmentation of Forests 13 Forest Composition and Age 15 Forest Carbon and Biomass 20 Forest Health and Invasives 23 Wildland Fire 31 Timber Products and Residues 32 Nontimber Forest Products 37 Ecosystem Services 39 Water Supplies 41 Forest Wildlife 42 Forest Recreation 45 Caribbean and Pacific Forests 47 terms 50 References 52 Web Resources 55 4' Introduction The 2010 Resources Planning Act (RPA) Assessment is being developed in response to the mandate in die Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974, P.L. 93-378, 88 Stat. 475, as amended. This update consists of a summary report and supporting documents, which address outdoor recreation, wilderness, timber, fish and wildlife, water, and range (available at http://www.fs.fed.us/research/rpa). The National Report on Sustainable Forests-20 10 provides a comprehensive account of available data on the current condition of the Nation's forest resources. The report is based on 64 indicators for the conservation and sustainable management of forests. The indicators were endorsed by the United States and 11 other countries that house 90 percent of the world's temperate and boreal forests and 60 percent of all forests. Information on this report may he found on the Web at http://www.fs.fed.us/ research/sustain/. This brochure reports selected highlights of the findings of both reports. Much of the data for this brochure is reported regionally as North, South, and West. Major reporting regions for the United States for this brochure North t—fi\tWest South • 2 • Forest Inventory Data The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, inventories various attributes of forest resources and reports them in the RPA Assessment and various supporting documents. FIA has been conducting field inventories for nearly 80 years using state-of-the art technology to provide estimates of the status, condition, and trends of the Nation's forests. These estimates are critical to the development and implementation of policies and practices that support sustainable forestry in the United States. Nine national reports based on HA data have been produced since 1953. Extensive field measurement from FIA inventories includes over 4.5 million remote sensing pixels interpreted for land use; over 125,000 permanent field plots systematically located across all Forest lands in the United States; over 100 character- istics measured at each plot location; and over 3 million trees measured to evaluate volume, condition, and vigor. Other Data Data for forest ownership and products are from periodic HA forest ownership and forest products studies. Data for wildlife, recreation, health, timber trade, and nonwood products are derived from Forest Service scientists' contributions to the National Report on Sustainable Forests-2010. Web sources for this and other related data are found at the end of this brochure. This brochure is available in six languages: English, Spanish, French, Russian, Chinese, and Portuguese. Visit the FIA Web site at http://6a.fs.fed.us for more information. The United States in a Global Context Global forestry issues are of considerable significance to the United States, which has 5 percent of the world population and consumes 27 percent of the world's industrial wood products. Although domestic timber inventory is only 8 percent of the world total, 76 percent of U.S. consumption of industrial wood conies from domestic supplies. Additional demands for U.S. forests are also of interest, including protected areas for biodiversity and relative contributions of U.S. forests to carbon pools, among others. United States as a percent of world totals for selected measures Population 'S% Land area 7% Forest land 8% Woody biomass 11% Timber inventory 8% Timber used for 27% industrial products 0% 10% 20% 30% Land and Forest Area It is estimated that in 1630 the area of forest land in the United States was 1,037 million acres or about 46 percent of the total land area, Since 1630, about 286 million acres of forest land have been converted to other uses—mainly agricultural. Nearly two-thirds of the net conversion to other uses occurred in the last half of the 19th century, when an average of 13 square miles of forest was cleared every day for 50 years. By 1910, the area of forest land had declined to an estimated 754 million acres, or 34 percent of the total land area. In 2007, forest land comprised 751 million acres, or 33 percent of the total land area of the United States. Forest area has been relatively stable since 1910. Forest area trends in the United States, 1850-2007 400 350- West 300- 250- South 200- 0 150- North 100- 50- 0 1850 1900 1953 2007 Stable forest area, however, does not mean that there has been no change in the character of the forest. In addition to reversions to and from agriculture and more intensive land uses like urban development, there have been changes inside the forest as forests respond to human manipulation, aging, and other natural processes. The effects of these changes are reflected in the information presented in this brochure. 4 Land area and forest area trends in the United States • " 1 Region Category '. Year ''''',1.1.S.• North,, South West ` • million acres ( Land 2,263 413 525 1,325 Forest - nr 2007 751 172 215 365 1997 743 170 214 358 1987 730 166 211 354 1977 736 164 217 355 • 1963 755 166 228 361 1953 750 161 226 363 1938' 746 159 221 366 1910 754 134 247 372 • 1850 935 227 329 379 1630 1,037 298 354 385 ' Timberland ' 2007 514 164 204 146 ` 1997 504 159 201 143 1987 485 155 195 135 • 1977 491 153 198 139 1963 515 156 209 150 • 1953 509 154 205 150 Reserved forest' 2007 75 6 3 65 1997 52 8 4 40 • 1987 35 7 3 25 1977 29 6 • 2 21 1963 25 4 1 19 1953 24 4 1 19 an addition to land area of the United States at that time,estimates for 1938 include forest area in the regions that would become the States of Alaska and Hawaii.Estimates for 1630 represent the forest area in North America for regions that would become the 50 States within the current United States.Source:for 1938:U.S.Congress(1941).Source for 1630:R.S.Kellogg(1909). 'Does not include some protected areas.National forest roadless areas are International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)Class VI but not identified as"reserved"in FIA statistics and total approximately 32 million acres.Currently these lands are reported in timber land and other forest land in FIA reports.New inventories will provide more accurate data to place these lands in their proper IUCN classification. Region Category Year U:S. North! South West million acres Other forest 2007 162 2 7 153 1997 187 3 9 175 1987 211 4 13 194 . . . 1977 215 5 17 194 1963 216 5 18 192 1953 217 3 20 194 Reserved Forest Reserved forest land has tripled since 1953 and now stands at 10 percent of all forest land in the United States. This reserved forest area includes State and Federal parks and wilderness areas but does not include conservation easements, areas protected by non- governmental organizations, many wildlife management areas, and most urban and community parks and reserves. Significant additions to Federal forest reserves occurred after the passage of the Wilderness Act in 1964. See the description of protected forest by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categories on page 50 for more information. Trends in reserved forest land in the United States by region, 1953-2007 80 70 is West 60 o South ❑North 61 50 040 30 10 20 0 1953 1963 1977 1987 1997 2007 Year rr1"4 u'et t .• k 4 i WS' .:�''' o 6 £ ,4- ab a -«,R,r+ '.. we . � 44.40-2: P n t L R �p w.7✓ , it .fCl( 3;4 l.1 .°r'�1 e:AP"' �t11- Rl }t,''•a}"('. Timber Land and Other Forest Land 'Umber and is fairly evenly distributed among the three major regions of the United States. Other forest land— such as slow-growing spruce forests in interior Alaska and pinyon-juniper in the interior West—dominates many western landscapes and comprises more than one-fourth of all U.S. forest land. Reserved forest is most common in the West, comprising 18 percent of all forests in that region. In contrast, only 3 percent of eastern forests are set aside as parks and wilderness areas. Forest land by land class and region in the United States, 2007 West South _ H ■Timber land North ❑ Reserved forest D Other forest 0 80 160 240 320 400 Million acres Urban Influence on Forests Urban land in the conterminous United States increased from 2.5 percent of total land area in 1990 to 3.1 percent in 2000. Urbanization affects the forest resource and its management in many ways. Not only does urban development directly eliminate some trees and forests, it also increases population density, human activities, and urban infrastructure, which can affect forests and their management. As urban landscapes increase across the Nation, rural forest landscapes are often converted to developed lands. With greater than 80 percent of the U.S. population living in urban areas, ecosystem services provided by urban trees and forests are significant and valued in the billions of dollars, annually. Nationally, urban areas (cities, towns, or villages with at least 2,500 people) have an average tree cover of 27 percent. Estimated at nearly 4 billion, urban trees provide many valuable benefits based on their current composition and function. Beside the basic value of the trees—estimated at 52.4 trillion (Nowak et al. 2002)—two additional benefits of urban trees include air pollution removal and carbon sequestration. Annual pollution removal (Os, PM',„ NO„ SO, and CO) by urban trees Q is estimated ar 783,000 tons (53.8 billion value according to Nowak et al. 2006), and storage is estimated at 776 million tons of carbon ($14.3 billion value) with a gross carbon sequestration rate of 25.1 million tC/yr ($460 million/yr). One coarse measure of expanding urban influence on forests is a simple classification of forest area by county based on the population demographics.The following graphic demonstrates that, in the last 10 years, the area of forest in rural counties (no population centers over 2,500 persons) has declined by 52 million acres or 18 percent Thar is, the number of counties with small populations and their associated forest area have declined. Forest land area in the United States by population influence, 1997 and 2007 250 IS 1997 200- ❑2007 150- 0 N O E. 100- — 50- I. 0 EAST l WEST EAST I WEST EAST 1 WEST Forest land in counties Forest and in counties Forest land in counties with urban centers with urban centers of with no urban center over 20,000 persons 2,500 to 20,000 persons greater than 2,500 persons Forest Ownership Over half of the forest land in the United Stares is privately owned and, of this, over half is owned by families and individuals. The other 44 percent of the forest land is controlled by Federal, State, and local governments. - t s. . y 4� t i _ r 1 it t l- 1 1 i,,-^--t I r {1 i 1 t ir . t =a Photo by'Larry Horhnak,http//wwwinerfacesouth usda gov + I '• .y e F . . Qt 1 r1d eM t L AP/'Er.23 s. " __ s _. .— - Distribution of forest land ownership in the United States, 2006 Other private 3% Federal Family E. . 36% ` 7 Corporate . a. i8% / , State Local 9% 1% ` Includes nongovernmental conservation organizations,unincorporated partnerships,and Native American lands. Ownership Patterns Ownership patterns vary immensely across the country. In the West, 70 percent of the land is publicly owned. In the East, 8I percent of the land is privately owned. Pattern of forest ownership in the United States, 2006 i„. 4 4 tr, 7= - .....,iat , %),, 1 Abe) npef:-...0,3 CC i� �+ f At -3:-Ii p' ii .� i f t i' y ▪Private forest land '& a s)7 a+ s f p ❑Public forest land + >. *� �_ TVI ❑Nonforest ' 'Alaska(not pictured)has 126 million acres of forest,72 percent of which are publicly owned,and 34 percent of Hawaii's(not pictured)1.7 million acres of forest are publicly owned. Public Forests Public forests are predominantly owned by the Federal Government in the West and State and county governments in the Gast. Seventy-six percent of all public forest acres are in the West. Most protected forests are in public ownership, while most production forests are in private ownership. Forest Service national forests dominate the Federal lands, but the Bureau of Land Management, the National Parks Service, and the U.S. Department of Defense also have substantial forest holdings. State lands include lands designated as forests, parks, wildlife refuges, and for other purposes. The local category consists of lands controlled by municipal and county governments. Forest land by owner class in the United States,2007 Owner class/ ' Region' , land class U.S. North ! South West Million acres I All owners 751 172 215 365 Timberland 514 164 204 146 Reserved forest 75 6 3 65 Other forest 162 2 7 153 l National Forest 147 11 13 123 J Timber land 99 10 12 76 Reserved forest 26 1 1 25 Other forest 22 0 0 22 Ether public 181 33 16 133 Timber land 59 27 13 19 Reserved forest 48 5 3 40 Other forest 74 1 0 74 Private corporate 138 28 57 52 Timber land 106 28 57 21 Reserved forest — — — — Otherforest 32 0 0 31 Private 285 100 129 57 noncorporate Timber land 250 99 122 30 Reserved forest — — — — Other forest 34 1 7 26 a) Harvests from public forests currently account for 8 percent of the Nation's total. Public harvesting has decreased since the 198Os. An increase in harvesting from private forests, particularly in the Southern United States, has largely of-Let this decrease ar the national level. Private Forests There are an estimated 11.3 million private forest owners in the United Stares. They range from industrial owners with millions of acres to families and individuals with just an acre of trees behind their homes. Timber removal trends on private forest land, 1952-2006 10,000 9,000- ® 1952 8,000- 01976 7,000- 0 2006 a 6,000 n 5,000- 4,000- 3,000- 2,000 ; ,; 1,000 -. T. o r North South West Although more Wan 60 percent of private forest owners own between 1 and 9 acres of forest land, most of the private forest land is in holdings of at least 200 acres. More than 20 percent of private forest land is in holdings of ar least 10,000 acres; these are owned primarily by corporations and arc managed for commercial purposes. p1 r,�^' „9 •- h�,i..c Y,. --+ y i , Y3 4, 6 _ .. 1 l '.. r �9qi yeyl 1,t itw'�� i•'F) yy. rye �`c}q,..'. tifrt ' S L .f *T.J " vJ i 1-1. ) } • . rk7 ♦ ` Y Y6 } exky + „ ` f ! r Mtn rig w4 i� 41-`" e g . ...._a L \ ,• �.ti. . Percent of forest area and private owners by holding size class, 2006 70 K, 60— ®Area 0 50 ❑Owners a 40- 0 m 30- T 20— "— Pig� R1 ® a 0 oz.50 Size of forest holdings(acres) Private Corporate Forests Corporate owners collectively control one-third of the private forest land in the United States. The major change in corporate forest ownership in the past decade or so has been the divestiture of finest land by vertically integrated forest products companies and the growth of timber investment management organizations and real estate investment trusts. This shift has been caused by changes in the tax code and changes in corporate strategies. The ultimate ramifications of these structural changes are still unknown. Family Forests The other rwo-thirds of the private forest land are owned by noncorporate owners, the vast majority of whom are families and individuals. They own their land for many purposes, most of which center around the amenity values their forests provide. Primary reasons why families and individuals own forest land, 2006 Aesthetics t$-''"' l ;Me Family legacy ^- 3 , f , k -' Privacy I 1 Nature protection -} Part of home :'f I Land investment I Hunting I ?" Part of farm I', Other recreation, • Timber production .-- 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Percent of family forest owners fig Fifty-eight percent of family forest land is owned by people who have commercially harvested trees from their land. However, only 17 percent of that forest land is owned by people who also have a written management plan and only 37 percent is owned by people who have received management advice. Twenty percent of the family forest owners are 75 years or older. Additionally, 23 percent of the land is owned by people who plan to sell or pass it on in the next 5 years. Family legacy is, therefore, an important objective to many of these owners. Top Concerns of Family Forest Owners 1. Keeping land intact for heirs 2. Insects or plant diseases 3. Fire 4. Trespassing or poaching 5. High property taxes Parcellation Farcellation, the process of dividing a land holding into two or more smaller holdings, is one possible consequence of this intergenerational transfer of land. Between 1993 and 2006, the average size of private forest holdings decreased by 11 percent; between 1978 and 2006, it decreased by 20 percent. As the parcels become smaller, they become more difficult to economically manage, and issues—such as wildfire fighting—can become increasingly costly and difficult. Fragmentation of Forests The Forest Service used high-resolution satellite imagery to determine how much forest land experiences different types and degrees of fragmentation. Fragmentation is caused by human activities and natural processes, and may lead to the isolation and loss of species and gene pools, degraded habitat quality, and a reduction in the forest's ability to sustain the natural processes necessary to maintain ecosystem health. The fragmentation of forest area into smaller pieces changes ecological processes and alters biological diversity. Analysis of fragmentation is scale dependent and, consequently, differs depending on whether the forest is separated into small or large pieces (landscapes) for analysis. Simply stated, places that are forested tend to be clustered in proximity to other places that are forested, but blocks of forest land are usually fragmented by inclusions of nonforest land. This pattern is repeated across a wide range of spatial scales. For landscapes up to 160 acres in size, at least 76 percent of all forest land is in landscapes that are at least 60 percent forested. For larger landscapes up to 119,000 acres in size, at least 57 percent of forest land is in forest- dominated landscapes. Forest landscapes fall into three main categories: (I) core, (2) interior and (3) edge. Core forests are landscapes that are completely forested. The larger the landscape being examined, the less likely it is that it will be core forest. For 10-acre landscapes, 46 percent of all forest land is classified as core forest. Less than 1 percent of forest land is classified as core forest in landscapes that are 1,500 acres or larger. Interior forests are landscapes that are more than 90 percent forested. Larger landscapes are less likely to have interior forest. When examining landscapes that are 10 acres in size, 60 percent of all forest land is interior forest. For landscapes larger than 250 acres, however, less than one-third of forest land is classified as interior forest. Forest area in landscapes dominated by forest (more than 60 percent forest) is grearer than either core or interior forest, and dominant forest area also decreases with increasing landscape size. Edge forests have a different microclimate and often support a different species mixture than core or interior forests. Overall, 54 percent of forest land is within 555 feet of forest land edge, 74 percent is within 990 feet of forest land edge, and less than 1 percent is at least 5,700 feet (1.1 mile) from forest land edge. The following figure shows the percent of all forest in a county that is interior forest (>90 percent forested) when analyzed at an approximately 40-acre scale. Larger values indicate that a larger share of the existing county forest is relatively intact, in comparison to forests in ocher counties. Pattern of forest fragmentation by county in the United States {v 'j--- ri g �r 'r„t t:4 ,, s. ,t ,r ' � Lu tPr s r � l 1/ '__'''yy��--'� t� � 4 * ! .�{{ .. ,•-tie �, y ' Alt(i • I I � 4 eE- yta 3 v' � � 1 *.tte�r` � .tea ?� 1 n„ a,:� _I++ a��r jl{Ilr ;Silk- a# k1`P"`At,�;L,,. `l '' tr ilt 1p .. -.11V 4- u ,- 1 JL Percent of all forest �i I , m y - >� that is interior by county `�guar--d 0to7.7 } n. n7.7to27.0 �^ E”1 27.0 to 39.2 F] 54.1 to 87.3 El In general, western forests tend to be less fragmented than eastern forests (North and South regions). The available data permit analysis of overall forest land fragmentation but do not incorporate the influence of small roads nor differences in land ownership ('parcellation"). Forest Composition and Age The forests of the United States are very diverse in composition and distribution. Oak-hickory and maple-beech-birch forests dominate the Northeast; expansive pine forests blanket the Southeast; and majestic Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine forests cloak the western landscape. In the last 30 years, as the Nation's forests age, eastern early seral types like aspen and spruce-fir have given way to mid and late seral types like oak-hickory and maple- beech-birch. In the West, decades of fire suppression are reducing areas of ponderosa and lodgepole pine. Forest type area trends in the Eastern United States, 1977 and 2007 Aspen-birch ors ■1977 Maple-beech-birch —� 13 2007 Elm-ash-cottonwood ®" Oak-gum-cypress Immallsrfai Oak-pine , Oak-hickory,South Oak-hickory, North - Loblolly-shortleaf pine Longleaf-slash pine®j • Northern conifers , 0 25 50 75 100 Million acres Forest type area trends in the Western United States, 1977 and 2007 Pinyon-juniper - - - or Other softwoods 1977 2007 Lodgepole pine ,,,„, Hemlock-Sitka spruce Fir-spruce Ponderosa pine Douglas fir liclammigit 0 25 50 75 100 Million acres 19 Following intensive logging and regeneration in the late 19th century and again in the mid 20th century, 51 percent of the Nation's timber land is less than 50 years old. Five percent is more than 175 years old. Forest area in the conterminous United States by region and stand-age class, 2007 70 60— South 50— 40 SE— West North — 0 0 to 120 to 40 to 60 to 80 to 100 to 150 to 200 and 19 39 59 79 99 149 199 older Stand-age class(years) Forest Origin Forests in the United States are predominantly natural stands of native species. Planted forest land is most common in the East and heavily comprised of planted stands of native pine in the South. In the West, planting is generally used to augment natural regeneration. Primary origin of forest stands in the United States,2007 ®Natural El Planted All US �' West I 717 11 71 South j I 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Tree Planting Forest planting in the United States currently averages about 1.8 million acres per year. Pine is the most commonly planted species in the South. Spikes in tree planting occurred in the South in the 19505 as a result of the Soil Bank Program and in the 1980s as a result of the Conservation Reserve Program, which resulted in the planting of nearly 3 million acres of nonforest land. Western planting has subsided in recent years, mirroring reduced harvesting in that region. Forest planting in the United States by region, 1952-2006 3.0 2.5- South 2.0- 1.5- 1.0- west 0.5- M� Notes 0.0 i i l l 1952 1958 1964 1970 1976 1982 1988 1994 2000 2006 Year Growing Stock Volume Growing stock inventory,growth, removals,and mortality trends on tim- ber land by region and species group in the United States, 1952-2007 Region Category , `' Year . :Total - North South West Million cubic feet Inventory 2007 932,082 248,000 288,522 395,560 , 1997 835,663 214,246 256.354 365,063 1987 781,662 190,035 244,631 346,968 1977 733,042 163,021 223,364 346,685 1963 665,591 128,276 174,065 363,250 1953 615,895 103,753 148,466 363,675 Growth 2006 26,731 6,570 13,281 6,909 1996 23,871 5,409 11,412 7,023 1986 23,616 5,663 10,760 7,193 1976 21,493 5,380 10,053 6,032 1962 16,707 4.417 8.099 4,191 1952 20,048 4,955 10,902 4,191 (cont.on next page) (continued) �rRegion Category Year Total North South West Million.cubic feet Removals 2006 15,546 2,832 9,684 3,030 1996 16,027 2.775 10,194 3,058 1986 16,452 2,718 8,693 5,040 1976 14,215 2,662 6,570 5,012 1962 11,950 2,067 5,522 4,361 1952 11,440 2,209 5,493 3,766 Mortality 2006 7,815 2,039 2,860 2,945 1996 6,315 1,614 2,237 2,464 1986 4,644 1,246 1,671 1,727 1976 4,106 1,161 1,274 1,671 1962 4,333 934 1,161 2,237 1952 3,908 680 963 2,237 S f woods 'W ht Inventory 2007 529,188 55.869 118,478 354,869 1997 483,824 49,385 104,858 329,610 1987 467,570 47,629 105,622 314,347 1977 466,947 43,863 101,205 321,908 1963 449,759 33,669 75,097 341,022 1953 431,806 27,043 60,457 344,278 Growth 2006 15,235 1,501 7,646 6,116 1996 13,762 1,189 6,400 6,201 1986 13,394 1,218 5,947 6,230 1976 12,035 1,246 5,578 5,210 1962 9,599 1,218 4,701 4,616 1952 11,242 1,444 6,116 3,653 Removals 2006 9,854 680 6,315 2,860 1996 10,053 680 6,485 2,917 1986 11,355 736 5,748 4,899 1976 10,053 708 4,474 4,871 1962 7,617 538 2,803 4,276 1952 7,532 708 3,087 3,766 (continued) Region . Category Year - 'Total, North South West Millioncubic feet Softwoods Mortality 2006 4,502 538 1,359 2,605 1996 3.625 453 1,048 2,124 1986 2,775 368 850 1,586 1976 2,464 311 623 1,501 1962 2,775 283 396 2,067 1952 2,662 227 340 2,124 'Hardwoods - • ' Inventory 2007 402,894 192,131 170,044 40,692 1997 351,839 164,862 151,524 35,453 1987 314,092 142,406 139,036 32,621 1977 266,095 119,158 122,160 24,777 1963 215,832 94,635 98,996 22,229 1953 184,089 76,682 88,009 19,397 Growth 2006 11,497 5,097 5,635 765 1996 10,081 4,219 5,012 850 1986 10.194 4.446 4,814 963 1976 9,458 4,163 4.502 821 1962 7,108 3,200 3,398 481 1952 8.807 3,511 4,757 538 Removals 2006 5,663 2,152 3,370 142 1996 5,947 2,095 3,710 142 1986 5,097 1,982 2,945 142 1976 4,191 1,954 2,095 142 1962 4,333 1,529 2.718 85 1952 3,908 1,472 2,407 - Mortality 2006 3,313 1,501 1,501 340 ; 1996 2,690 1.161 1,189 311 1986 1,869 878 821 170 1976 1,614 821 651 170 1962 1,557 651 765 142 1952 1,246 481 651 142 Average growing stock volume per acre continues to rise across the United States, with the largest gains in the North and South where volumes per acre are nearly double what they were in 1953. Average growing stock volume on timber land in the United States by region, 1953, 1977,and 2007 3,000 ® 1953 2,500— 01977 ° i 2,000— C]2007 1 1,500— 1 1,000— 1 1- 500 j :t 1 II 1 0 North South West U.S. Net Growth, Removals,and Mortality Rates for Growing Stock Over the past 50 years, net growth has consistently exceeded removals in the United States. Removals remain at about 2 percent of inventory, while net growth (growth minus mortality) is near 3 percent. Currently, the volume of annual net growth is 32 percent higher than the volume of annual removals. Mortality rates have remained well below 1 percent of inventory for at least 50 years. Net annual growing stock growth, removals, and mortality as a percent of inventory in the United States, 1952-2006 3.5 3.0— 2.5— .0 _ _ _ 1.5— - 1 to _ .5— M110 0 [i O 0 rn rnlm 0 O o rn m m rn ° 000, T rn 0 ta Cy Growth Removals Mortality Forest Carbon and Biomass Forest Carbon Concern over consequences of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere has led the United States to develop an annual inventory of greenhouse gas sources and sinks since 1990. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prepares the official inventory for all sources to comply with IN commitments under the United Nations Framework Convendon on Climate Change. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Forest Service provide the inventory for the agriculture and forestry sectors. In 2006, gross greenhouse gas emissions in the United States were equivalent to 7,054 million metric tons (15.5 trillion pounds) of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO, eq.). Forests take in CO, and water, store carbon in wood, and release oxygen. The carbon stored in forests is released back into the atmosphere when trees are burned, such as in forest fires, or when dead trees and leaves decay. Forest management can affect greatly the amount of carbon stored; vigorously growing forests store more carbon than slow growing ones. When trees are made into lumber or paper, some CO, is released, but much continues to be stored in the products or eventually in landfills. Substituting wood for nonrenewable materials can also reduce CO, in the atmosphere by reducing fossil fuel energy use. In 2006, a net 745 million metric cons (1 .6 trillion pounds) of CO, eq. were removed from the atmosphere and stored in forests and forest products in the 48 conterminous States. This offsets about 11 percent of gross U.S. CO, emissions from all sources. Net forest carbon stock change in the United States by carbon pool,2006 North I South f ® j f • West i I I -300 -200 -100 0 100 Million metric tons CO,eq./yr o Litter 0 Wood products o Dead wood • Landfilled wood o Trees and understory Net forest carbon stock change during 2006,48 States plus part of Alaska—soil not included.2006. (Note:negative value corresponds to storage by forests.) Forests stored an additional 204 million metric tons (0.4 trillion pounds) of CO, eq. This biomass was harvested and burned for energy as a substitute for fossil fuels, resulting in a net change of zero atmospheric CO,. Forests sequestered an additional approximately 268 million metric cons CO, eq. that had been emitted during wildfires. This amount includes the contribution of the non-CO, gases methane (CH,u) and nitrous oxide (N,O). Urban forests also sequestered carbon, estimated at 95 million metric tons CO, eq. (200 billion pounds) for 2006. Forest Biomass The greatest amounts of biomass per area are located in the Pacific Northwest. Moderate levels are located along the Appalachian Mountains, from northern Georgia into central Maine, encompassing much of the hardwood region of the United States. The rest of the United States is occupied by forests containing between 1 and 494.2 tons/acre CO, on average, with infrequent extremely heavy biomass accumulations (865+ tons CO,/acre). Overall, the conterminous U.S. forests contain 16 billion metric tons of carbon in aboveground live biomass. Aboveground live forest biomass stocks by county in the United States, 2006 } IL—... alp �.a .r.,�—.4 irItyt..aa.411 .az.,„....r.v.;-.rir,,..,„ _ . . .. ..., .. .,..!'."' ��,, t7 tees■ ■ 41T4figitZlerit4aerSit-7414-40Ete-IL'S VV, r.„1. r �•�fi,•r' �i}�fl�r aiR.�°t .'.. }}g�tt `y'v �1. -4o7 , r ti's v.' ,5r-.-1::'. ` rz-,? �t t u ,�-sri ■�`r•,r,a 1. ,,,r tt f"`•tia.: • 4 • x 1::1:3 • Aboveground live-tree carbon �r -4.1 (metric tons CO2 ha') . Greater than 250 201-250 151-200 100-150 Less than 100 ❑Less than 5%forest land or no data Wood for Energy Forest biomass sustainably harvested for electricity generation can represent an overall net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions because the burning of nonrenewable fuels, such as coal, is avoided. Across the United States, a great variety of electric utility plants used wood in 2007. Most of the electric utilities are located near sources of forest biomass. Overall, hundreds of electric utility plants are using wood for power generation and, thus, avoiding emission of greenhouse gases. However, relative to the use of fossil fuels, the use of forest biomass as an energy source is small. El Location of avoided CO2 emissions (assuming coal burning) of electric utilities using wood as a power generation source in the United States, 2007 • ?..,,a1 its Aile 1/2 ii .4•:tyr;iit ;.-. 411, pea_ • . .....2.:: _ D. it ''teal. . , � f (y €' .zy..: 4 .• / Coal offsets from biomass Aboveground live-tree carbon (metric tons CO2 year') (metric tons CO,hal °Greater than 100,000 °j Greater than 250 0 201-250 0 50,001-100,000 $ 151-200 • 100-150 O 25,001-50,000 U Less than 100 Q 5,000-25,000 O Less than 5,000 Forest Health and Invasives Mortality rates relative to inventory, although currently at the highest level in 50 years, remain less than 1 percent of inventory. Mitch of the recent increase, however, may be attributed to a confluence of local cyclic effects of forest stressors, such as the recent increase in forest fires and large outbreaks of beetles. Discerning whether the current high rates are beyond the range of normal variability from a regional or national perspective is, however, difficult. r , .:y • L '--We.`t .i pry !r. el • v' r Vii` P .� � t3-- i -17 - ' • 1"7---•'--4I- ___•,--'''''s',. 1. ' 2-'1 -?. - .-,,, ' ___] Annual mortality as a percent of inventory in the United States, 1952, 1976, and 2006 1.20 n 1952 1.00 a 1976 ❑2006 0 0.80 C a) 0.60 - -z = Li a 0.40 0.20 1 0.00 -- — d Total North South West General Health Risk Areas potentially at risk of 25 percent or higher mortality due to insects and disease over the next 15 years arc depicted in the following graphic for the standing live volume of trees greater than 1 inch in diameter. Areas at risk of mortality due to insect and disease in the next 15 years. omit, 4F� r 9 " II' 1 .., • al I 1•41116,1 wvioN Legend ' ., t.R\ Risk of mortality • [}Water El Major Forest Insects Aerial detection surveys provide information on the extent of damage caused by major forest pests. Some of these pests include: Southern Pine Beetle. Activity was at historically high levels throughout the last 20 years, reflecting the widespread availability, of its preferred host, loblolly pine. Activity has recently begun to decline. Southern pine beetle infestation 28— 24— 20— 'ci, 16— le 12 8- 4- 0 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 Mountain Pine Beetle. Activity gradually declined from the 1980s through 2002. Massive killing of host trees, especially lodgepole pine, greatly depleted the availability of suitable host trees. Activity has again increased slightly since 2002. Mountain pine beetle infestation 12 to- w 8- r. U 6- 4 2 0 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 Spruce Budworm. Activity has been declining the past 20 years, with outbreaks restricted to the Lake States. Spruce budworm outbreaks are cyclic, with epidemics occurring at 30- to 50-year intervals as a new forest grows up from the old one killed by the budworm. Spruce budworm infestation 12 10— 8 6- R 2— 0 I I I r 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 Western Spruce Budworm. Defoliation peaked from 1983 to 1992. Many trees weakened by budworm defoliation were subsequently killed by bark beetle attacks. Western spruce budworm infestation 16 14- 12 a,' 10— = 8 6- 4 2— 0 cI 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 Gypsy Moths. Gypsy moths defoliated almost 12.9 million acres of hardwoods in 1981, and defoliation averaged 2.2 million acres annually during the past 25 years. Activity reached unp recede nred levels as it spread south and west into better habitat; the great reduction in recent years appears to reflect the effect of Entornophaga mairnaiga (a fungal pathogen of the Gypsy moth). I k . °�,'T. y ,, 1 Z . • 'l tom t p 4.: :I a photo by,David MComb http /www bugwood o!!* ; r S ; . ''''s 1. y. , - i v +c ', `moaL * r` 4 Q, M am . ,:',t 4 y4 x f:,c 0 7 i v V it S i _. +... II Gypsy moth infestation 16 14- 12- 10- 0 8— 6 F 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007 Major Forest Diseases Dozens of diseases affect U.S. forests each year. The following is a list of the 10 most commonly found tree diseases in the United States: Disease Primary Species Affected Beech bark disease beech Dutch elm disease American elm Dogwood anthracnose dogwood Dwarf mistletoes conifers Fusiform rust southern pines Oak wilt eastern oaks Port-Orford cedar root disease Port-Orford cedar Root rots many conifers and hardwoods Sudden oak death California oaks, tanoak White pine blister rust 5-needle pines Air Pollution Ozone has been shown to alter forest ecosystems in areas of high deposition. At high ozone levels, sensitive trees show ozone-related injury; while lower ozone levels have been shown to reduce photosynthesis of trees—affecting tree health. The EPA provides information on the ozone concentration at points across the United States. Combined with FIA data collected on plots designed to detect ozone damage on sensitive species, this information can be used to locate sires for further research regarding air quality impacts on forest species. EPA data show ambient ozone concentrations to be highest at points in the Sierra Nevada, some areas of the semiarid Western States, and scattered points along the southern Appalachian piedmont, northeast coast, and Great Lakes ecological regions, where major cities and travel corridors occur. Plot data from FIA show similar trends with more damage detected on sensitive plant species in the following areas than anywhere else in the United States: the Sierra Nevada; the area east of Los Angeles; the travel corridor of Interstate 85 across the Southern States of Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina; the urban hotspots of Atlanta, GA, Cincinnati, OH, and Buffalo, NY; and the greater Washington, DC, area. "The Midwestern and Northwestern States, along with Maine, Vermont, and New Hampshire, appear to have the lowest levels of ozone concentration and damage to forest species. The following map shows mean average ozone injury estimates and risk to forests of injury from ozone exposure, 2000-2006. Mean ozone injury estimates and risk to forests of injury from ozone exposure,2000-2006 4 Livr `tae tar <=5 Little toiler Injury 5<>15 Light follar injury 15<>25 Moderate foliar injury data unavailable Invasive Species Expanding global trade and travel have increased the risk of introducing new, exotic organisms. When brought into new ecosystems, exotic (invasive) species often have no natural enemies and, therefore, can cause extensive damage. Invasive plant species are defined as species being moved beyond their natural range or natural zone of potential dispersal, including all domesticated species and hybrids. The introduction of invasive species can have major ecological and economic consequences and can directly affect human health. There are an estimated 3,723 plants with species of origin outside the United States. Areas with the highest rates of introduction tend to he along the coasts or major inland waterways. In general, human disruptions of natural communities, such as by soil alterations, removal of vegetative cover, or suppression of natural disturbance regimes, seems to promote opportunities for invasive species. Area of forest affected by woody invasive species in the United States Common name Scientific name Area Source Trees 000 ac. • Tallowtree, Triadica sebifera 3,818 2/ Popcorntree Tree-of-Heaven Ailanthus altissima 3,444 3/ Silktree, Mimosa Albiziajulibrissin 1,127 2/ Chinaberrytree Melia azedarach 1,080 3/ White mulberry Morus alba 915 3/ ; Princesstree, Paulownia tomentosa 726 3/ Paulownia Siberian elm Ulmus pumila 487 3/ Melaleuca Melaleuca quinquenervia 212 3/ Babb willow Salix bebbiana 137 3/ Russian Olive Elaeagnus angustifolia 101 • 3/ Shrubs Chinese / Ligustrum sinense 15,969 2/ European Privet Non-native roses Rosa multiflora, 5,339 2/ (Multiflora, Macartney. bracteata, laevigata Cherokee) Japanese / Ligustrum japonicum 1,656 2/ Glossy Privet Other honeysuckle (Amur, Lonicera amur, morrowii, 1,363 2/ Morrow's, tatarica, fragrantissima Tatarian, Sweet-breath- of-spring) Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata 648 2/ Sacred Bamboo, Nandina Nandina domestica 229 2/ Winged Burning Bush Euonymus alata 54 2/ Silverthorn, Elaeagnus pungens 59 2/ Thorny Olive Saltcedar ' Tamarix ramosissima 35 4/ Vines a Japanese Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica 46,959 2/ Kudzu Pueraria montana 582 2/ . Common/Bigleaf peri- Vinca minor, major 240 2/ • winkles Nonnative climbing Dioscorea oppositifolia, 252 2/ yams-air yam/chinese alata, bulbifera yam Chinese/Japanese Wisteria sinensis, 191 2/ wisteria floribunda (continued on next page) (continued) Common name Scientific name Area Source Vines Winter Creeper Euonyrnus fortunei 65 2/ Oriental Bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus 51 2/ English Ivy Hedera helix 78 2/ TOTAL 85,816 1/The total forest area affected by woody invasive species is not necessary the sum of the values above,as these may be overlapping.Area reported is area affected by woody invasives,not actual area covered by the Invasive species. 2/http://srsfia2.fs.fed.us/nonnative_invasive/southern_nnis.php 3/FIADB,http://www.fia.fs.fed.us 4/IWFIA data Source:FIADB and FIA unit data Additionally, invasive insects and pathogens threaten many forests throughout the United States. This map shows the areas and invasive species currently having major impacts. Current invasive insects and pathogens threatening forests in the United States,2005 ei ,s41 Sudden oak death Gypsy moth Hemlock wooly adelgid lt,t Emerald ash borer Western white pine blister rust ©Asian long-horned beetle / sig Wildland Fire Wildland fires burn millions of acres of forest land in the United States each year, and the intensity of fires and area burned have been increasing in recent decades (Running 2006, Westerling et al. 2006, Miller et al. 2008). Federal agencies alone now spend more than SI billion annually on suppression efforts (U.S. Government Accountability Office 2006) with costs increasing rapidly. While less than 5 percent of wildfires become large and uncontrollable, these fires can be especially problematic and account for more than 95 percent of the area burned (Running 2006, Peterson and McKenzie 2008). Suppression efforts directed at large severe wildfires are very costly and put firefighters' lives at risk. Substantial property damage may result despite these efforts, with effects often greatest in the wildland-urban interface—areas where homes and businesses have been built among trees, brush, and other flammable vegetation. Annual area burned in the United States, 1960-2006 10.0 9.0- 8.0- 7.0— r I 6.0— 0 5.0— I t t 1 I 4.0 t 3.0— ' t r 2.0- 1.0- 0.0 I I I I 1 I 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 The potential for an area of forest to experience wildfire activity depends on several factors, including the likelihood of ignition, the availability of dead fuel near the ground surface and combustible fuel in the forest canopy, regional climate, and year-to-year variations in weather that influence the length of fire seasons. Understanding the relative contribution of these factors, along with their spatial patterns and trends over time, is important for developing management strategies to mitigate wildfire hazards. For example, decades of fire suppression resulting in the accumulation of dead fuel, small trees, and brush is often cited as a cause of increased fire activity in some western U.S. forest types. However, recent research shows that changes in climate are closely associated with increased wildfire in some areas of the West over the last few decades. Increases in spring and summer temperatures and decreases in precipitation have resulted in longer fire seasons in these areas, along with increases in the burn rime of large fires (Running 2006, Westerling et al. 2006). In areas where climate change appears to be a major driver of wildfire activity, ecological restoration and management of hazardous fuel alone may not be sufficient to alter recent wildfire trends (Westerling et al. 2006). The availability of spatial information describing vegetation and fuel conditions, coupled with information on likely climate trends, can help target fuel reduction projects for maximum effectiveness and could improve land use planning that reduces wildfire risk to Human communities. The following map of wildand fire potential combines spatial information about fire behavior and fire probability under extreme weather conditions. Fire behavior includes both crown fire potential and surface fire potential,while fire probability includes both fire weather and historic fire occurrence. Wildland fire potential in the conterminous United States by risk class r - :at. , iq r y..r ) egend P 4t. x.qa.: „a"),--,. ve ty gh ,‘v ,r.Mt '6 t'1, may. `� ' y l l � :' .., , 14 p + { Moderate 4 w v r VBearryrelnow n \ ,i 500 miles ben Fg. cc Projes en L in 4a rouAe amae.e owa Source:Wildland fire potential data were provided by Jim Menakis,Fire Modeling Institute,Rocky Mountain Research Station,Forest Service.Geographic base data were provided by the U.S.Depart- ment of Agriculture,National Agricultural Statistics Service and the National Atlas of the United States. Timber Products and Residues Solidwood and paper products consumed in the United States require roundwood harvest in the United States and other countries, plus recycled paper and solidwood products. Since the late 1980s, roundwood harvest for export has declined, and roundwood equivalent of imports has increased. Domestic roundwood harvest increased from 1950 through the mid-1980s and has remained steady since then, maintaining a volume of 15 billion cubic feet in 2006. PI Total and per capita roundwood consumption by category, 1965-2006 25 ( —80 70 20 60— g 15 50 n 9- U R `lr 3 N X10 -30d 1 )^ 5 o L o L o L o LO 01 Q) QI Q] C73 O O N Year •Harvest for domestic use o Exports m Net imports n Per capita consumption Total domestic roundwood harvest has been stable to declining due to increasing imports and an increase in use of recycled paper. With these increases, total consumption of solidwood and paper products has increased steadily since 1950. In 2006, consumption for the North. South, and West was 55.7, 116.5, and 35.4 million dry short tons, respectively. Solidwood and paper products consumption and material sources with region of roundwood harvest, 1977-2006 350 300 250 200 inn ' M , s> - :k".. Ol Qom) Off) 0) O) 0) S N — Year p North •Recycled fiber o South o Imports •West •Nonwood materials Drivers of Timber Demand Demands for the products and services of forests are driven largely by population and disposable income Per capita disposable income (constant 1996 U S dollars) more than doubled between 1965 and 2006, increasing from $10 6 thousand in 1965 to $25.9 thousand in 2006 Total U S population increased by 54 percent during this time,reaching 299.2 million in 2006 30.0 350 a m 25.0— —300 Population -- �' 20M2N per 250a 2 15.0— Disposable income per capita —150@. 10.0— —100 H I 5.0— —50 a 0 0.0 1 I I I I 1 I I I -0 Y") O to O in O in O Un r CO CO rn CI 0 0 01 CT m m rn rn rn 0 0 Year Per capita disposable personal income and population, 1965-2006 Imports and Exports Imports accounted for an increasing share of the Nation's timber supply, reaching a maximum value of 29 percent in 2004 and 2005. While most of the imports originated in Canada,there were increased shipments from Chile, New Zealand, Finland, and other countries during this time. However, this trend reversed in 2006 when imports as a percent of consumption dropped to 28 percent. Exports as a percent of production peaked at 16 percent in 1991 and generally declined after that point, reflecting a strong dollar and decreased demands in key markets such as Japan. Exports as a percent of production declined to 11 percent in 2006 Because of their effects on U S harvest, both imports and exports affect the condition of the domestic forest resource. Imports as a percent of consumption and exports as a percent of production of industrial roundwood, 1965-2006 35 30— Imports as percent of consumption 25— 20 d 15— 10— 5— Exports as a percent of production 0 1 I I I I I LO N- w 0 m s 0 0 rn a N- rn m a, a, O o ..+ .- .ti ..Y .-+ .-y '+ CV N Year Shifting Timber Sources Changes in public land policy have had significant impacts on private forests. As harvesting declined on public lands in the West, harvesting increased on private lands in the East, particularly in the South. Overall, domestic harvesting has remained steady to declining for the past decade, and increased demand has been supported by increased imports and paper recycling. Growing stock removals in the United States by owner group, 1952-2006 16.0 14.0— Private 12.0- a10.0— Ter 8.0— U 6.0 m 4.0- 2 0— Public 0.0 1952 1976 1986 1996 2006 Year m Harvest Methods and Efficiency Timber harvests occur on 10.8 million acres annually. Selective harvesting is prevalent on 61 percent of harvested acres in the United States. Clearcurting, used on the remaining 39 percent of harvested forest, is most prevalent in areas of managed plantations in the South and areas in the North where pioneer species such as aspen, jack pine, and spruce-6r—which need open sunlight to regenerate are being managed for timber production. In the West, clearcutting is generally followed by planting to augment natural regeneration. Proportion of harvested timber land in the United States by method of harvest, 2001-2005 80 70 — o Clearcut ❑Partial cut 60— 50- 2 40- 30— a, 20— 1 . 10- 0 North South West Total Logging Residues Logging residues are portions of trees' stems left behind after logging, and are increasingly being considered as a possible resource for bioenergy use. Overall, this material has ranged from an equivalent of 20 to 30 percent of the material taken for products. In 2006, logging residues totaled 4.5 billion cubic feet. Even after leaving a portion of this material for nutrient cycling and soil protection, the volume has the potential to be a significant resource. • i .i r• M Logging residues in the United States as a percent of total harvest by region, 1952, 1976, and 2006 35 •1952 - 30— 01976 E25_ 02006 - 20- z 15— ( �. _o S oily_ Total North South West Nontimber Forest Products Nontimber forest products involve more species than timber products and include trees, woody and herbaceous plants, fungi, and other biological material harvested from within and on the edges of forests. Plant parts harvested include the roots, tubers, leaves, bark, twigs and branches, fruit, sap, and resin, as well as the wood (Chamberlain et al. 1998). These products are commonly classified into five product categories: • Medicinal Plants • Food and Forage • Floral • Arts and Crafts • Horticultural As demand for these products grows, it becomes increasingly important to monitor the removal of products from forests, and the effects of their removal on the viability of current and future forest ecosystems. However, despite the importance of these products, they are difficult to track because of the revolving variety of products they encompass, and regional variability within product categories. Domestic values of nontimber forest products may be estimated from contract and permit sales on public lands operated by the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management. These extrapolations assume that national forests account for approximately 20 percent of nontimber forest products and Bureau land accounts for about 2 percent of nontimber forest products. If these assumptions are true, the wholesale domestic value of nontimber forest products (not including personal use) exceeds 5600 million. Estimated wholesale value of wild-harvested nontimber resources in the United States extrapolated from Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management sales receipts �x+sgm• .n - .• r +gar^ r. ., w era+a 'Product category 2005 2006 2007 Million U.S.dollars (unadjusted for inflation) Landscaping 35 29 31 Crafts/florals 87 93 152 • Regeneration seed/ 5 3 4 cones Edible fruits, nuts, 46 37 46 sap Grass/forage 24 20 20 Herbs, medicinals 2 2 2 Subtotal 199 183 254 Fuelwood 271 286 331 Posts and poles 33 28 26 Christmas trees 82 69 71 Subtotal 386 382 428 Total i 585 565 Domestic nontimher forest products of particular national economic importance include Christmas trees, maple syrup, furbearing animals, and products related to the arts and crafts industry. Economically important exports include pecans, floral products, wild blueberries, ginseng, and honey. Overall, the United States is a net importer of nontimber forest products, particularly vanilla beans (from Madagascar),which heavily influence the net value of the U.S. nontimber Forest product trade. Nontimber forest products trade and wholesale values in the United States Category 2003 2004. 2005 2006 2007'. Million U.S. dollars (unadjusted for inflation) U.S. imports minus 244 205 71 105 61 exports Total wholesale 461 425 270 288 315 value adjusted for trade Total wholesale 853 801 656 . 670 743 value adjusted for trade, plus firewood, posts and poles, and Christmas trees Ecosystem Services Healthy forest ecosystems are ecological life-support systems. In addition to traditional products, forests provide a full suite of goods and services that are vital to human health and livelihood, natural assets we call environmental services or ecosystem services. Many of these goods and services are traditionally viewed as free benefits to society, or "public goods"—wildlife habitat and diversity, watershed services, carbon storage, and scenic landscapes, for example. lacking a formal market, these natural assets are traditionally absent from society's balance sheet; their critical contributions are often overlooked in public, corporate, and individual decisionmaking. While it is difficult to establish the value of ecosystem services, an illustrative subset of ecosystem services can be highlighted for which actual markets and/or payments to landowners exist. Although this example does not measure the full value of the benefits supplied by forests ro society', it does measure the amount of revenues landowners actually received for producing specific ecosystem services. Payments to forest landowners from all sources from which data are available were S553 million in 2007 with Federal agencies providing $248 million, States $12 million, and nongovernment sources accounting for 5294 million. Of the nongovernment sources, greenhouse gas offsets amounted to S5.5 million, conservation easements $110 million, and fee simple purchases 5176 million. From 2005 to 2007, government payments—Federal and Stare—remained fairly constant, ranging from $256 million in 2005 to $260 million in 2007. In contrast, payments by nongovernment organizations for carbon offsets and conservation easements grew from 5213 million in 2005 to $294 million in 2007. v / I .' 4 ' 7'1. `-a ' 5 h .}(y,,t,-"_;- 4- -1 i Fr 70:-,' I. I ' , JI. ltd* \} 4 Yie ,w:r: ;w,8 t a i. ti r 'r" 'r 'A (' /-;k4(::is ±411 '.:' 1 -' t `',t', _ 4' _? rl t Y �'[ -�i ",r!4 y G'°�,4t q.a t''s r vei''' l+ ` H"'..ytY ATS w .;- F yYy +_� _ HY �� t 'i e � T ' ` ��Y�y4 fjtj:;$C-1 s 7 a_...a' 1"+14 F K. .,. ( ✓.2 , 1-i `r.21a F t Payments by government and nongovernment organizations for carbon offsets and conservation easements,2005-2007 300 250 ,. . 200 , ° 150 � 100 50 '. 0 _ .a .� 2005 2006 2007 o Federal o Nongovernment o State For the example presented, the distribution of payments among States for ecosystem services from all sources in 2007 is shown in the following map. Alaska landowners received the lowest payments ($276,000), while Georgia received the highest ($52 million). Average revenues from ecosystem services by State, 2005-2007 as ai 1 ' Yp Million dollars - 0-3.2 3.2-11.3 11.3-27:3 >27.3 Toward Stronger Policies and Actions The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 takes a significant first step towards facilitating landowner participation in emerging markets for ecosystem services. Section 2709 of the conservation title requires the Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with other agencies and interests, to "establish ,1 technical guidelines that measure the ecosystem services benefits from conservation and land management activities To implement this act, a govern mentwide Conservation and Land Management Environmental Services Board was established. The purpose of this board is to assist the Secretary of Agriculture in adopting the technical guidelines that the Federal Government will use to assess ecosystem services provided by conservation and land management activities and provide for reporting protocols, registries, and verification processes. Technical guidelines will focus on scientifically rigorous and economically sound methods for quantifying environmental services, such as carbon sequestration, air and water quality, wetlands, and endangered species benefits, in an effort to facilitate the participation of farmers, ranchers, and forest landowners in emerging ecosystem markets. Improving our ability to quantify ecosystem services will enable them to be taken into account, alongside merchantable timber and nontimber forest products when decisions are made regarding forest resources. Learn more at http://www.fs.fed.us/ecosystemservices/. Water Supplies In the conterminous 48 States, 24 percent of the water supply originates on Federal land. Land owned by the Forest Service serves 18 percent of originating water sources. Regardless of ownership, about 53 percent of the conterminous water supply originates on forest land. National forests and grasslands supply 51 percent of the water supply in the West. Water Uses Estimates of water use in the United States indicate that about 408 billion gallons per day were withdrawn for all uses during 2000. This total has varied less than 3 percent since 1985 as withdrawals have stabilized for the two largest uses—thermo- electric power and irrigation. In 2000, about 48 percent of all withdrawals were used for thermoelectric power and 34 percent for irrigation. Watershed Management Water quality is becoming an increasingly serious concern in the United States, as well as globally. High-quality watersheds trap sediments; slow runoff; and provide cooling shade and excellent habitat for wildlife, fish, and plants. Potential watershed management issues include habitat loss and fragmentation, E hydrologic alterations, nutrient enrichment of surface waters, and pathogens and toxins. Forests offer significant mitigation opportunities for water management. Effective watershed management must be based on a planning process that integrates both scientific analysis and public participation.To explore current efforts in watershed management, visit http://www.parrnershipresourceccnter.org/ watersheds/index.php. Drought Another aspect of water is the lack of ir. Many forests have recently experienced fires of unprecedented intensity and extent, and this is partially the result of forest management practices that have allowed decades of dead wood (fuels) to accumulate. This has been exacerbated by climate variability in the form of prolonged periods of drought that have left forests in tinder dry conditions, and, thus, more susceptible to intense fires. Public resource agencies are shifting their fire policies from complete suppression to recognition that fire is an integral component of the landscape. Presuppression forests experienced fires more frequently, but these fires were less destructive. These less intense fires served as a means of keeping fuels from accumulating on the forest floor and maintaining low stand density. Current information on drought conditions can be found at NOAA's Hydrologic Information Center at http://www.nws.noaa.gov/ oh/hic/current/drought/index.html and the University of Nebraska—Lincoln, National Drought Mitigation Center at http://drought.unl.edu/risk/us/usimpacts.htm. Forest Wildlife Wildlife and Climate Change Wildlife biologists face many challenges in developing recom- mendations to manage wildlife habitat under a changing climate. The Forest Service has developed a consistent and holistic approach to analyzing potential threats of climate change to terrestrial wildlife habitat. The terrestrial climate stress index was developed to rank areas along a gradient of high to low future climate stress to terrestrial wildlife habitat, based on components that quantify the degree of change in temperature, precipitation, habitat types, and habitat quality. Areas of relatively high or low stress across the coterminous United States can be identified in a consistent and repeatable manner.'In evaluate future climate change threats with existing threats to wildlife habitat management, this information can be integrated with the geographic location of current stressors for example, intensive land use—or with areas having large numbers of at-risk species. The Forest Service analysis to date indicates that the areas of greatest stress to terrestrial habitats from future climate change were associated with transitions between major biomes or in areas of high topographic relief. The least sensitive geographic areas on this relative scale were in the southern Great Plains, the Appalachian Mountains, and the eastern coast of Florida. The States with the greatest proportional area in relatively high climate stress include Missouri and Arkansas. The least stress States include Texas and Oklahoma. Wildlife habitats stressed by climate change . � 4 ,'� . .1 , e`y`e ,fr- . 1 ' �jjyr"'" J�MO ' r DA> �A�, • :1,1.,. qL4 r 4 a C! q .*tT .era • • i`"3 r • rSf Sri s;�1Se • O� h I .. 11 AS .. . Legend Sis •0 11 ANC?, re . 2,�7 •;174.1e. , 4 �'. ®High t :tifN}JVn' Y}11 t , ., Low 1. Land Ownership and Forest Wildlife Conservation of biological diversity on public forest lands is often a focus in resource planning. However, privately owned forest lands also make an important contribution to the conservation of species that are at risk of extinction. At-risk species are defined as those species listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act or with a global conservation status rank of critically imperiled, imperiled, or vulnerable. Analyses by the Forest Service and key partners indicate that two-thirds of the watersheds in the conterminous United States contain ar-risk species associated with private forests, with counts ranging from 1 to 101 species. Those watersheds with the greatest number and density of such species are found in the Southeast, Midwest, and west coast States. Many private forests are threatened by land-use conversion. 'those forests projected to experience the greatest increase in housing density within the next 25 years—and with relatively high densities of at-risk species—are found in over 100 watersheds, most of them in the Southeastern States. M Number of at-risk species that occur on privately owned forest land by watershed kyr cnr; il'C.t h P ♦� w,.l v J •r A i >• 1 / . r r,1.rlYy t�iRt 9 ye,11'lta:-,.. . N rqy�j8 , t9y:,, Ty 4 dt`1.I�rr�� ar��w bra ^viR1h;1�'La•� y1 R, ir.r+ yyit 1 1 otrs" f S 'u r i rte tS -, i ,. ,,..0 + . ra 1 y) g ... c_L �Z14 y� r�.r4, � R % o ".1/4 ti-varzeitejz-4w"Tilllt,`teil0�e 'Gal T.~ w'�� .. wttlFre Number of species -'%s watitq„ a w '4i;*lir,�,�., 1 1 -7(0-50%) Tl4t�i. a4.�ee> "LX, t 4V t1v' 18-15(50-75%,) S 3 '-) 1 16-21 (75-85%]) VA 22-37(85-95%) 4 38-101 (95%) •<1%Prvate Forest ®0 Species ®No Species Data Area of privately owned forest land predicted to experience increased housing density by 2030 r.e-t*s_•va:-Ckert"Ct4ia‘e Ale jogs t IL, ifii ji i r A l}- w iy \ Z (Aia+ , akUv ,a l !I 4 r s „ itY> C y� rsGVin ia�oR' t{ rd T 4Ca f•�Oei i •∎ti�! c iS�Liji7 �� t 4dl L � � , "farSV744.1511104701-41 6 P1a a ' ii ! ;0Ci Witfa1 , �1'LQ* i � , l y f th w:rk tiPSj k a , . <. Alpo t Estimated Private Forest Conversion by 2030(Thousand Acres) 0.001 -8.2(0-50°ro°)k 8.2-34.7(50-75°/°o) 34.7-56.1 (75-85%,) 56.1 -119.4(85-95°im) 119.4-310.0(95°!m) <1%Private Forest 'a.: 0 Acres Converted „ Forest Recreation In the United States, with a few exceptions, public forest lands at all levels of government are open for public recreation. Open Federal lands include forested areas on national forests, national parks, Bureau of Land Management lands, wildlife refuges, and most other federally managed land. Open State forest lands include State forests, State parks, wildlife management areas, and other State management areas. Local government forests include municipal watersheds, local parks, local forest preserves, greenways, and other local forest areas. Forest industry and other corporate and noncorporate private forest lands are usually also open to recreational uses, although access to them is more restricted than is the case with public lands. Over half of forest industry lands are in the South. Large portions of other corporation forest lands (nor owned by forest industry) are located in the West and South regions. Almost half of the family and individually owned private forest land is in the South region; nearly 36 percent is in the North. The National Woodland Ownership Survey estimated that about 54 percent of family forest land was open only to family or friends, and no others (Butler 2008). Just 14.6 percent of the family forest area was open to the public with permission of the owner. Almost 8 percent of the family forest area was leased in the last 5 years for recreational uses. The percentage of nonindustrial forest available for public recreation has been on a downward trend over the last three decades. Recreation Use of Forests The top 10 forest recreation activities, in terms of numbers of times people have participated, are walking for pleasure; viewing and photographing natural scenery; viewing and photographing flowers, trees, and other forest vegetation; viewing and photographing birds; viewing and photographing wildlife; day hiking; visiting wild areas; off-highway driving; attending outdoor family gatherings; and visiting nature centers. The annual total number of forest recreation activity days among these activities ranges from an estimated high of almost 7.5 billion to just over 680 million. Snowmobiling, mountain climbing, cross-country skiing, rock climbing and snowshoeing engage much smaller numbers of recreation activity days, but still the estimated totals add up to sizeable numbers ranging from about 20 million to over 62 million. The percentage of forest-based activity days that occur on public lands ranges from under 50 percent (for example, small-game hunting, horseback riding, off-road driving, and gathering mushrooms and berries) to over 75 percent (for example, visiting wilderness, day hiking, visiting nature centers, and backpacking). Over all activities, the percentage of forest-based recreation activity days that occur in urban forests ranges between roughly 15 percent to around 45 percent. Millions of annual forest recreation activity days* and percentage on public and private forest land in the United States by activity, 2007-2008 :uvt;, N Forest;recreation activity umber'of activity ::Percent on public -Percent to urban days in forest forest forests. •Walk for pleasure 7,493.30 53.8 44.5 View/photograph natural 6,170.60 61.9 31.8 scenery View/photograph wild- 4,858.94 55.4 36.3 flowers,trees,etc. View/photograph birds 3,738.27 51.3 37.6 View/photograph other 3,086.85 57.7 32.2 wildlife Day hiking 1,234.82 76.2 34 Visit a wilderness or 947.559 76.4 24.6 primitive area Off-highway driving 837.541 50.4 23.2 family gathering 805.291 55.9 43.5 Visit nature 683.85 77.6 45.2 centers.etc. Gather mushrooms,her- 623.372 47.9 32.3 ries,etc. Mountain biking 463.324 60.2 32.1 Picnicking 455.942 68.4 44.4 Developed camping 355.966 12.8 21.3 Big game hunting 279.781 45.7 16.5 Primitive camping 211.448 75.8 21.4 Backpacking 198.787 78.5 22.1 Visit historic sites 182.755 60 39.1 Horseback riding on trails 177.453 50.8 34.4 Small game hunting 161.488 46.8 11 .4 Visit prehistoric/archaeo. 138.932 70 41.6 logical sites Snowmabiling 62.111 55.1 21.4 Mountain climbing 57.091 78.6 20.5 Cross country skiing 41.874 60.5 33.7 Rock climbing 34.088 68.8 26.9 Snowshaeing 19.938 60.2 27.6 Source:NSRE 2005-2008,Versions 1-3b 'Recreation activity day-recreation in each activity equivalent to the activity completed by one person in 1 day. Overall, between 2000 and 2007, recreation use increased modestly. As reported in Forest History Today (Cordell 2008), the total number of people who participated in one or more outdoor activities grew by 4.4 percent between 2000 and 2007. At the same rime, the number of recreation activity days, summed across all participants and activities, increased approximately 25 percent. The number and capacity of public and private forest-based recreation sites have remained about constant or increased slightly. Growth in number of participants and recreation days across 60 outdoor recreation activities on all land in the United States,2000-2007 (reproduced from Forest History Today article, Cordell 2008) 250 100 230— Number who participate(million) —80 °' a 210 0 190 Number ot activity days(billion) 60 — , O y 170 150 l 40 2000 2007 Caribbean and Pacific Forests Island Forests The U.S. Caribbean Islands are composed of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In general, the Caribbean Islands are a 3,900 mile arc of islands, tectonically uplifted from the sea floor separating the Atlantic Ocean from the Caribbean Sea. Low-lying islands often are capped with limestone from ancient coral reefs, and other islands exhibit volcanic activity that has pushed up steep peaks that divert the moisture-laden northeasterly trade winds upward, greatly, increasing rainfall. The U.S. affiliated Pacific Islands include American Samoa, Guam, Hawaii, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Republic of Palau. These islands span a vast and diverse area from Hawaii, 3,900 miles west of the U.S. mainland, to Palau, about 566 miles east of the Philippines. Land masses vary widely and include small coral atolls, small sand islands, moderate-sized islands of mixed limestone and volcanic substrates, and large, high-elevation, volcanic islands. Geographic location of U.S. affiliated islands relative to the U.S. mainland y °t =1 7 7 l; . y tg- I r,, . 4---7- 1 t . 1, Tropical islands serve as the proverbial "canary in the coal mine," alerting society to the problems inherent to living on a constrained land base. The challenges we face in our mainland forests—such as land use change, altered fire regimes, nonnative species invasions, insect and disease outbreaks, climate change, and other human-caused disturbances—become critical for societies with restricted, more immediately finite resource bases, such as those found on these islands. Tropical island forests are intimately linked to the surrounding ocean. The climate of the ocean impacts island vegetation, topography, and soils. Conversely, the islands influence the adjacent ocean as vegetation, soils, and pollutants make their way to the aquatic environment. Forests filter sediment, keeping it on rhe islands. Mangrove and coastal strand forests buffer the islands against the ocean's erosive force and storm surges. Forests play a key role in keeping both terrestrial and aquatic resources in good health. FIA offers resource monitoring assistance in the tropical Caribbean Islands of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Pacific Islands of American Samoa, Guam, the Republic of Palau, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Hawaii. Inventories are conducted on a rotating periodic basis (5 years in the Caribbean, 10 years in the Pacific) across island groups. 48 Population, land area,forest area, and percent forest cover for U.S. affiliated island groups Region and Population -.Land area Forest area Forest •island group . .cover acres ':acres percent Caribbean Puerto Rico 3,808,610 2,191,816 1,261,332 58 U.S.Virgin Is. 108,612 85.592 52,478 61 Pacific . Am. Samoa 57,663 48,433 43,630 90 Guam 173,456 135,661 63,832 47 Palau 20,842 111.544 96,689 87 CNMI 84,546 73,536 53,664 73 FSM 107,862 149,805 76,526 51 RMI 61,815 44.477 43,143 97 Hawaii 1,211,537 4,127,336 1,490,902 43 Islands total 5,634,943 6,951,339 3,439,298 67 The Caribbean Islands Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands were almost entirely deforested for agriculture by the mid-20th century. Forest cover has steadily increased on Puerto Rico as economic activities moved away from agriculture, resulting in abandoned agricultural lands being re-colonized by forest. The naturally high species diversity of Caribbean tropical forests has been further augmented by human introduction of tree species from around the world, some beneficial and others invasive. Species diversity per sampled acres in the Caribbean and Pacific Islands 18 (50 spp.) 16— (3.3 ac) 128 sppJ m (9 ac( o 14— E 12— (105 spp.) cn 10_ (11 ac( a 8— (305 spp.) (48(7.6 ac) (52.7 ac( 0 6— 0 4 0 Puerto Rico I U.S.Virgin Is., American Guam I Palau Samoa This has also occurred in the U.S. Virgin Islands. As urbanization increases, however, forest loss is accelerating. The U.S.Virgin Islands lost 7 percent of their forest cover from 1994 to 2004, mostly on the more densely populated island of St. Thomas. The Pacific Islands General trends across the Pacific Islands show that in areas more accessible to tourists, urbanization has led to decreases in forest cover. However, there is some recovery and maturation of forests in other areas that in the past had been disturbed or denuded, especially from the elfecrs of World War II and agriculture. The most important forestry concerns within the Pacific Islands involve losses of forest cover owing to urbanization, damage from invasive species, and the erosion of soils with subsequent siltation of coral reefs. Island resource managers are anxious to cultivate additional partnerships to strengthen their efforts to reforest and reclaim areas via planting and control of exotics. Terms Forest land—Land at least 120 feet wide and I acre in size with at least 10 percent tree cover (or equivalent stocking) by live trees of any size, including land that formerly had such tree cover and that will be naturally or artificially regenerated and is not subject to nonforest use(s) such as extensive livestock or human activity that prevent normal tree regeneration and succession. Growing stock volume—Live trees on timber land of commercial species meeting specified standards of quality and vigor. Cull trees are excluded. Includes only trees 5 inches in diameter or larger at 4.5 feet above ground. Growth (Net Annual i—lhe net increase in die volume of growing stock trees during a specified year. Components include the increment in net volume of trees at the beginning of the specific year surviving to its end, plus the net volume of trees reaching the minimum size class during the year, minus the volume of trees that died during the year, and minus the net volume of trees that became cull trees during the year. Hardwood—A dicotyledonous tree, usually broad-leaved and deciduous. ItCN Protection Categories—The International Union for Conservation of Nature protected area classifications are as follows: Category I is defined as (a) an area of land and/or sea possessing some outstanding or representative ecosystems, geological or physiological features and/or species, El or available primarily for scientific research and or environmenal monitoring, or (h) a large area of unmodified or slightly modified land and/or sea, retaining its natural character and influence, without permanent or significant habitation, that is protected and managed so as to preserve its natural condition. Category II land is a natural area of land and/or sea designated to (a) protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems for present and future generations; (h) exclude exploitation or occupation critical to the purposes of designation of the area; and (c) provide a foundation for spiritual, educational, recreational, and visitor opportunities, all of which must be environmentally and culturally comparable. Category III land is an area containing one, or more, specific natural or natural/cultural feature that is of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative or aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. Category IV is an area of land and/or sea subject to active intervention for management purposes so as to ensure the maintenance of habitats and/or to meet the requirements of specific species. Category V is an area of land with coast and sea as appropriate, where the interaction of people and nature over time has produced an area of distinct character with significant aesthetic, ecological, and/or cultural value, and often with high biological diversity. Safeguarding the integrity of this traditional interaction is viral to the protection, maintenance, and evolution of such an area. Category VI is an area containing predominantly unmodified natural systems, managed to ensure long-term protection and maintenance of biological diversity, while providing at the same time a sustainable flow of natural products and services to meet community needs. Logging residues—The unused portions of growing-stock trees cut or killed by logging and left in the woods. Mortality—The volume of sound wood in growing-stock trees that died from natural causes during a specified year. National forest An ownership class of Federal lands, designated by Executive order or statute as national forests or purchase units, and other lands under the administration of the Forest Service. other Federal—An ownership class of Federal lands other than those administered by the Forest Service. Primarily lands owned by the Bureau of Land Management, National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Departments of Energy and Defense. Other forest land—Forest land other than timber land and reserved forest land. It includes available land that is incapable of producing annually at least 20 cubic feet per acre of industrial wood under natural conditions because of adverse site conditions, such as sterile soils, dry climate, poor drainage, high elevation, steepness, or rockiness. Removals—The net volume of growing stock trees removed from the inventory during a specified year by harvesting, cultural operations such as timber stand improvement, or land clearing. Reserved forest land—Forest land withdrawn from timber utilization through statute, administrative regulation, or designation. Does not include all land in IUCN protecrion categories. Roundwood products—Logs, bolts, and other round timber generated from harvesting trees for industrial or consumer use. Softwood—A coniferous tree, usually evergreen, having needles or scale-like leaves. Timber land—Forest land that is capable of producing crops of industrial wood and not withdrawn from timber utilization by statue or administrative regulation. (Note: Areas qualifying as timber land are capable of producing in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrial wood in natural stands.) References Ambrose, M.J.; Conkling, B.L., eds. 2007. Forest health monitor- ing: 2005 national technical report. Gen.Tech. Rep. SRS-104. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 76 p. Bickel, K.; Brenner, J.; Duffield, J.; Follett, R.F.; Heath, L.; Kimble, J.; Kruger, D.; Mangino, J.; Mosier,A.R.; Ogle, S.; Paustian, K.; Shapouri, H.; Smith, J.; Wirth,T.; and Woodbury, P. 2004. U.S. agriculture and forestry greenhouse inventory: 1999-2001. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin No. 1907. 164 p. Brown,T.C. 1999. Past and future freshwater use in the United States: a technical document supporting the 2000 USDA Forest Service RPA assessment. Gen.Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-39. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 47 p. Butler, B. J. 2008. Family Forest Owners of the United States, 2006. Gen.Tech. Rep. NRS-27. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. 72 p. Chamberlain, J.; Bush, R.; and Hammett,A.L. 1998. Non-timber forest products: the other forest products. Forest Products Journal. 48(10): 2-12. Cordell, H.K. Principal Investigator. 1999. Outdoor recreation in American life: a national assessment of demand and supply trends. Champaign, IL: Sagamore Publishing. 449 p. Dwyer, J.F.; Nowak, D.J.; Noble, M.H.; Sisinni, S.M. 2000. Connecting people with ecosystems in the 21st century: an assessment of our nation's urban forests. Gen.Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-490. Port- land, OR: Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 483 p. Flather, C.H.; Brady, Stephen J.; Knowles, M.S. 1999. Wildlife resource trends in the United States: a technical document supporting the 2000 USDA Forest Service RPA Assessment. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-33. Fort Collins, CO: Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 79 p. Haynes, R.W.; Adams, D.M.; Alig, R.J.; Ince, P.J.; Mills, J.R.; Zhou, X. 2007.The 2005 RPA timber assessment update. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-699. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, For- est Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 212 p. Haynes, R.W.Tech. Coord,, 2003.An analysis of the timber situation in the United States: 1952 to 2050. Gen.Tech. Rep. PNW- GTR-560. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 254 p. Howard, J.L. 2007. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics, 1965 to 2005. Research Pap. FPL-RP-637. Madison,WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory. 91 p. Joyce, L.A.; Flather, C.H.; Koopman, M. 2008.Analysis of potential impacts of climate change on wildlife habitats in the U.S. Final Report to the National Council for Science and the Environ- ment's Wildlife Habitat Policy Research Program. 69 p. Miller, J.D.; Safford, H.D.; Crimmins, M.; and Thode,A.E. 2008. Quantitative evidence for increasing forest fire severity in the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascade Mountains, California and Nevada, USA. Ecosystems. Department of the Interior. 10.1007/ 510021-008-9201-9. Nowak, D.1.; Crane, D.E.; Dwyer, J.F. 2002. Compensatory value of urban trees in the United States. Journal of Arboriculture 28(4): 194-199. Nowak, D.J.; Crane, D.E.; Stevens, J.C. 2006. Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening. 4: 115-123. Peterson, D.L. and McKenzie, D. 2008. Wildland fire and climate change. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Climate Change Resource Center. http://www.fs.fed.us/ccrc/topics/ wildland-fire.shtml. [last accessed Jan. 23, 20091 Robles, M.D.; Flather, C.H.; Stein, S.M.; Nelson, M.D.; Cutko,A. 2008. The geography of private forests that support at-risk species in the conterminous United States. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 6:301-307. Running, S.W. 2006. Is global warming causing more, larger wild- fires? Science. 313: 927-928. Smith, W.B., tech. coord.; Miles, P.D., data coord.; Perry, C.H., map coord.; Pugh, S.A., Data CD coord. 2009. Forest resources of the United States, 2007. Gen.Tech. Rep. WO-GTR-78.Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,Washington Office. Smith, W.B.; Vissage, 1.; Sheffield, R.; Darr, D.. 2001. Forest resources of the United States, 1997. Gen.Tech. Rep. NC-219. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, North Central Forest Experi- ment Station. 190 p. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 2000. Statistical Abstract of the United States (12th edition).Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Com- merce. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1958.Timber resource for America's future. Forest Resource Report No. 14.Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; 1958. 713 p. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1965.Timber trends in the United States. Forest Resource Report No. 17. Washington, DC: Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 1965. 235 p. Ft! U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1982.An analysis of the timber situation in the United States, 1952-2030. Forest Resources Report No. 23. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 499 p. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 2007. Forest Inven- tory and Analysis Strategic Plan. FS-865.Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service. 17p. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2003. Forest insect and disease conditions in the United States, 2002. Forest Health Protection Report.Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 124 p. U.S. Government Accountability Office. 2006.Wildland fire suppres- sion. Lack of clear guidance raises concerns about cost sharing between Federal and nonfederal entities. Report to the Chair- man, Subcommittee on Public Lands and Forests, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, U.S. Senate. GAO-06-570, United States Government Accountability Office, 49 p. URL: http://www. gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-06-570. [last accessed Feb. 17, 2009) Waddell, K.L.; Oswald, D.D.; Powell, D.S. 1989. Forest statistics of the United States, 1987. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-168. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 106 p. Westerling,A.L.; Hidalgo, H.G.; Cayan, D.R.; and Swetnam,T.W. 2006. Warming and earlier spring increase western U.S. forest wildfire activity. Science. 313: 940-943. Web Resources Forest Service h ttp:/hvww.fs.fed.us Forest Inventory and Analysis http://fia.fs.fed.us National Resource Assessment Http://www.fs.fed.us/research/rpa Forest Health http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/ brtp://www.na.fs.fed.us/susrainabiliodindex.shrm National Report on Sustainable Forests http://www.fs.fed.us/research/susrain Recreation/Wilderness hrtp://‘vwwsrs.fs.usda.gov/trends hrrp:/hvsvw.fs.fed.us/recreation Forest Wildlife h rtp://www.is.fed.us/research/rpa Fire http://www.nfic.gov http://www.fs.fed.us/hrc/ Forest Products http://ncrs2.fs.fed.us/480 Ufiadh/rpa_rpo/wc_rpa_rpo.asp http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us Nontimber Forest Products http://www.sfp.forprod.vt.edu hap://www.fao.org/forestry/sice/6367/en hrrp://i fcae.o rg/n tfp Forest Ownership http://familyforesrresearchcenrer.org/projects0I.html Protected Areas hrrp://www.IUCN.org hap://www.consbio.org http:/hvsaw.protectedlands.net/main/home.php Water Resources http://wa ter.usgs.govhvatuse hrrp://www.partnershipresourcecenrer.org/watersheds/index.php Drought hrrp://www.droughLunl.edu htrp://www.mvs.noaa.gov/oh/hic/cu rrent/droughr/index.html Global Forest Information hrtp://www.lao.org/forcstry 56 'fhe U.S. Department of Agriculture(USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color. national origin,age, disability, and where applicable,sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal,or because all or part of an individuals income is derived from any public assistance programs. (Nor all prohibired bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiorape, etc.) should contact USDA's dARGE1 Center at(202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).Rt file a complaint of discrimination,write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W.,Washington. D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or(202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. „ }r'4 } -uSDA ,'United States Department of Agiaculture U� +S t•ca Forest Sere i[. vic uF. FS-801 Revised September 2009 - 4' ' .i � n / f .e, \,1 •r . h 4y,g f axe . „e+ s f �i 4' R -i t "k m e3 ” ` '.3`+."S'+ " Vie, ,.r u '3,b5 .* ra- iEU V 51' -Ga7S6^a :.i r a.f { ,- ».. *. 'r,'Ye 1�3 d"' -""_i 13, r i y `•., .,„. 7` WI ° 1 r + " .c3 '°,mo • r! $$ �+ y Y fi� 'sfif.S>"'amr....5.... 74.7:$4.`Y1' .-, f' ' - it c� yy °- ,- -.". e', 'b • a T :l y x fig ara ".� - Ry YI t. ;-,,c im_ ;,-.. ' " 7-.:.--i..3:s r t 4 -eT,:_ s, i, ` r ,Sv*. .P.; a J� sq'i -41St ,1-'3Arty, and '. ,t '; ` "' .,e>r va Y `:§A�,{l t .�3 Sd '1,4". s"eK`` •-?.M�,- a s� ( � f k' ' -a " 4'> k i 1 . ` a-.h`m h c c'�d � 3A 'till__f. i `'n, 5 s . 'x;' ., Sy/y�b.S ,.44.5:0.;-. s.' xti :le,, br D'''r+ t.,;.;,',y,S+ +s5.' r +.,-. � ,,,ii i- <ft t i „,to.0 Y k y}BrdL --. ' ' 3f d'M F 4 lA i�rY�'_]i. �ti+5:"'...; � rt F .�.. ', N. -eay` apYY*._ '.�,AA�,``:d "at'k e'.t. j'!"114....u`_ "Y� 50% Volume Loss Due to Wood Decay, Mosl Likely from Fungus (Fumes pinicola) or (Ganodernaa tl applanatzun) ,! c .fir i yr_...,str x3.'�. .. J'Tf "r ,- > �y r,k (..4- 4 ' .+i rg #s s r(YaL,kc, er ti rA1'{ \;k . '}.'Y.` `4`..f '-4 =`'i / RYA 1 *M''w' � ?J + p, 'P ."t"� aT c :ffi px�,y,� `°2 -a� r �` ^'"" Lr'3*' f :i' i Q�f „sib r h ..'0, ' -,,,,w , rRSr z 3e yr x'„,max e� `, y., 84, w` a. -- r r e L" T )( iyl`T t�,,.".3 �sa-4 Ara." ' r.. p, �C�� fi � r .a ,y � fip.�44-4,S]y nc* e 57+ '�i �. r �y 'A§ Z �} } j'rO. YS '� . 3L y '9�g.) ,� �a�i a' t x‘e",41 z� Gf, '4 `4 r } s't k ?` r".w f .� •s fnTs "y�, ,.3 pY,Y�r„„ �°• , •../.: ,..„_,,. ,,,.... .v “:1%,."': �� ,�•+ '.afm" �+ rtjf4 a�R"�i'ct +A'T+`�0 Close Up of Wood Decay from Funqus k k.t ,. folk _� ; afr a -...-k . ink •oy; to , 'Y y e °� +�' yr ,fF M t j c..4f --t .+ • z gyp.'4. . p " '1/4- i "$ , - 1 tc„t'a.a "' try's -" C t' f YA ' Q."&..i I .. i` . 11.1-7:41 36 foot Loq Showing Fungus Rot vx yy��ili -._R �{� i [ �i�Y Y-u J -4 �ihk E � 4` fi f.Swh. 1.v .M u �1_3v y ` yp- w..e i TS� . ) _ 4T . � i -• '• , L � i;� .. i ^k.> �y R am � ,+ MsX 'Yi*' �r • �, 4 i �r� I� �;4 i � A 4 y, 2µ� �i ' ! .w� Some 36 foot Loq Close Up, Note Swollen Knots. lk ba A..y4 „+ fs� �.2.. K c as Itx, r"axv�� z+ <°v � IC:: µ :. — gt d r f - \r'. "lam• .r '< . : N . `.z '*° k > F ch�y 4. ,' - a „y'1 -1 'E- t` yt.- a.^I /� i i 5v a i `t 1 +�C ':',. 4.. . r 'c.^» a• ti ,'ate. \y ' .t a3, ,;,,. p-rot , �+ 4 T i v «G. T t 3 S j k P `t rY ,1•�. ey,r t I <P, ygt a.. e . ro Fe}1: 4a. F 'L'� yr `* °t'- r" ,, 't'"t',` - ? '�., . Ate, +b p� • iv •thc Wood Decay Indicated by Discolored Wood(Red Stained) lY r eery a -e.c 'bii' r _ ' -. } •F'4 r ?,$ V -- X f4, iJ Y ra � , a .' 'S yx r 4;t ;Pit ti,..- i f -4"«.a ..3A . 'rT +na fr .r/+ va T %.'1.4 Y 1 a k.; k ,3a ry "'1'.4:.'A d ti'. t .`i 'ti'^w'M. hey i Lc �e to`'r 1tyw�'V awl Red Stained Wood Indicating Fungus Infection coming from a Source Found Above the Stump r te-'. , ?. l i,. ' a t "y am as rv; 4- ----, a--(y�!3-.T -, S Ni- '4 3 ' c t �` i. ,.3 2'`{ e' 9sy, t4 - ' te sl��>fn.yy' - } `, ijNY- t,a Jx 3 y >. 4x- '' *A.- �,.ki q'K s .e -a .' ' '.- st , a y.a` `.. ''�1 p��t y . "' , " ".c &z W ,, .t��- '\s"SS'+ 'x+° . d t -.; + .0 `3=i +'a.7-s `fit- i^. -e--.3 3 ki s v ^t � .3 4 4rs- '' &cgs s=i �v i i . c' i' reel` T. Y k R .11,,e4-* r ° s4 lit= e � Y?, At i F'k v� , I '1 . 1 m h T s s*• i‘3 x . 'IX , ,g '''''''"7>-p. • S `.fi g. { �,,4 , , , a k x" ct j a � et,. d '�bl + s0. >t� r �-� � i - .v ; Close Up of Wood Decay M-" -` � ,ye! I .§ _( { qy y�. r b� , t K .4 a� a " rp, . .. + s, -.jet ° - ye?,.i 4 „its_ .1/2 . '.� ;� aA� � f°"} F i 7 ..{: Sq i J=�� S cR 'ak tom a . Rotten Knot the Source of Wood Decoy bw e L "p t ! nSL W � '.{_ :e " l � a . qh a Z... 1Ti ^m .. �q� F F :•n Z. y'4s a ti E a. � •mot a " t"j T w x '' aL Sr.",,y�- f7, ^..Y.ikA i try *uv ,,, �({�' '-F 7C'•tt"5''��`�'r fl� y° 4 F+. � OI 2wc t Fri Ata-te-cbtfatiW30.444.this"6 �*� r>ii,4:14 /4 t 4y YA 4';��k lt,-*117 y`�7'T yII R +' G N d a' zs rvc +.t tr 4 AFC,?', j M r.4 -,,� �E g3 y q' s Y" sve. << 'a to "��4�a 'Sri. I - t.. L t t� -.,,s i F Nel,i s'Ta -e tS.. > - t `b�Ay hrs t M Qsys r r F A .G' `" ' ` $ ^r'` iis &b. -4 era; 3. �� wc s to� , °wn w:t•! cr Another Rotten Knot on the Same Loq $�:W t is s 'r•'d. „j'km-k r �. ' Y`...N-2".'A" htq � �� °.. ` �nr-''ter tt4.4S'' , a..3 ' ..e'' .eX ftyJ0. f ' : . 1 .. ' ' tl i s _s frleY.+#C4b 2 N::rp,✓ 1 r c„Yif i fti� cr ptC'' a_t t�rKl I �` a a .1L r } - 54 dN LUA 1 NFIJ IL Y i. tm Y > t •.•Cit r l ' K iµ' r t ` x P t S' fir .. -if.- 'eV, a : - .. C "t¢t deir rt” sL r ' r ; v 7 .9 me r x e m''�: , +' p ,'4" y, ' to iry ."r '} Decay has Advanced to 100%Loss of Loqs Volume (Full Face)Scale End of Loq _-0 T fii _ i ,� i:. ry -i..4:-.,...4 ; � v 2.4„..r-, `Rkt,• -,17-f...-': ti. t °�.�?.4.4.-.4"-ti:7t; .z 1.Ty'f;::40 i + ,rti 'tV�[ 1T� . l �{ ��Zr^1.0—,, 3 a Jib, SxTTii ..°}« ". yy- ' : ttZP:1 z t1,&p tee ' Q .. t i s ' J --5-. * < �t ' .,; + .J ! y am,,y{Fj,1 * C w' 44 tiC4 It k.rte• m 'e $' ^f`'r '/} r , ;.w z .d !1!t, *seat, %i14°!,rLr 512.44 d$�.K�r .a5. .. _ Close UN of wood Decay ~ d t` 'Ye '' k p G A z ti ay f ,i,+ . . M '# t., , Y tr x . trg »"s C. a �� 'a ' y .:.-„c.„..-:: J: a .z k- Ys F gy" c a T',p}. r t '� � .yx�' '� • fi� - . �AF }T a v- irk■ d �i� t t?F" h! Svw Y � .° .t } : --1 °10 ,3 '` 1 ,J a ur `N' A ,�ti - t � ' tit e 1 tk, , � t nrite S i9 r K " 3 n a a } , a3 .q + lY F: '.r b!]d M a y l k< �:3a Decay R .N z4 wood De Spud Chip of L' .:,3 `C. ff. r-,l. ,3 • ! n -.„_-,..„4.. t d O« . F a .a y'Z„ a A'p ..+.."" .r,.j.�es� may. !g ...a* .: + , , ,� y°I I "ice , .l•F' H!-t K: !�,, ^ �+.v�n�a ,' ,-; ,qv 1-:� .� tki .° ,,!I S Y a it. ,mitt. r err At '�i s c,.,.._+.. `.: s'. f 'e: �. '� it 'y.w Y*0,c dZ 'fit " � )`r -`t a st i Tc . :4a ; f 1.' � ' "ta- : k � i t7 `' "t' is ~ - Er gJ". Ysr l ,rya e A $ - %w r 6ikAic p�44p Y ^ ,4"!-F�f 1 a..et�� r * .n Rotten Knot Note White Mycelia)Felt « + 4 ,!r s K!* l r w vt. roc b �l, h. il3'P,� iOS r +,d��{' ..„,,,, f �. sr` S h« � . ,�sC4r y �..r'GF. 5 r }t 'S. 1C ` .' . y ' � ., f ..� .. i:tie g.„ 'CP, •.y, q" =' f $$��''ll''�� y(' { `SwT 11% *!� r' f ht..` lr� r! w q$:.AS .k rv!y,,-,1 Jt j({(9} y��*rt' /4 i / T 'ip' Nf 34 �, .00, f 0.'" .a•t' .. x.f Rotten Dead Limb (Knot) , l l"r ` :.. -„.. !......„,rpt;ffil,..411.400.4* tic ,,.... !} '�'a 'i<` % 4j fiti° n"t�; Z .. • .„ c ^ 3y' � s -r� s s SD-4Fk "$ I-' ` +S e, . "! W2Y4 -"J..'. * i AK rS. . a F 'i°' ) i ` 7 a, t.b.a, 5F. -247 ee ”'u'k v t /^li r n + e„..;:::::,:' t r,, }2 s r + " F ri- it r a &.. 3"� +nr-4 '£ , .e , .. e .% y ' ''u ln ds 1,..4. ,f > � " 'j iv i .;4 s % :? tl k i R S '�P i * f i&! t Y .R �t.3R ° � C - t . f } >n' ' , a" s� G . ,j % t "i 3t t s Y4, q3 ' iA * { r� i . � _k Y d Mt .. f tG �. g l t+ ,om r 1 n m ' � - t o ; Sit�Will- r n t.• S iik Fungus(Conk)Fruiting Body at Dead Limb(Knot) .- I . _ Sc �. ,;, if i ,\.:.: n - 0 v- L �4u i' ""'2' t!-, 7 'aa L+.+c ., �r �yl\v < .. _. telt, .4i%,..,'.�5., '+ , Y �.i ,(ice f , • a fn Y�r r ,...5.i4 �,�,,, �- }'4 °n . Y " r .yam ,--,2-..". V :. Ih 1''f'Y +r• 'y T '.. b. # 4� 4:;'-`' q.Y .Vi'. • 1.4 5 r7"1',i'„,�t 4)....-4- $J� 1 ' yb"... 4� iA�', •'Jwy1i L.-t,'' s. lt. i. ° 3 1. Ze^ 1 I^ S.l F k 4f , y'^, �� S vM p 4 �N F s�p "+ �.y�i .�ft"'b,-, r,tNH l. l,T -L"- 4 x'i_ Rotten Knot Location •'4 a 1 y,a. fY yr �� ,y'Y✓" 4441 -a9'4'�E'o �f J. r w �"'ae]a ..'Map'y�r ak *n r.:i t '. 7T '4��`, . yr.--y. r" a r yy va ] ,r,,4'r i y,Tr'�* of. 1 ` Sa$. �` 1 frer 3�� y Y.m..4 T1 /1:14t-., ., k` . N,4( .�.� „ L,T. P,r ,gyL.-r .s,._ *,._ 1 gR'+OSY sir GT / Y k4'' L •'''. i Y °} +� W.%s * t1 w.5� .• ~ ç ;t Ta fit ..i* ir�h. fret. .y':n ""V13 d ',C./ y L V a ae<+-. ,- ..r •. .. ., 1 ✓A / a ,. "f 3`[Lis fi.-S*a. `T" r H . . * ;.�, �err fee,`+* ,t '�' i cY �'/1444 gy .:it' R: !L•A". . .Mi lc d t, Rotten Knot ,, .,.[r7L r ?'�"'4 ,�y X �lg,,..,. r t r+tiv . *' " M1,fi. ` ]•; ,r. ' rt'3*ar� ' .' i'' r �a N• M k FL rte-Tk3�o j+ f7f ;rv'9.., f %�b�i, 'y,r! � � r -+ ° 1-';q' -i t 40.-,,t4+} >1K'p+f .X'' i 3a ". x" 3�. . . N y. 5 T N �S fa ' t � � � r]` Y�,y. �4��nY""g {' r ar�j. � z x •�.+•++ `' "�`fi ., rr; ,:: r 'S;C> F r�7aky a r +.ffif�a O.. ', ''''7' ) >ti. '. "Eta '1'. ' ' ? -. r .*1 t., "r V.k T s• .'4,• -fir ' ;�..s.4 / ':��1 ^a5 •..y F .. ,. } •", .,,. ,,.,+L+y- ,",,pt.far .'�'- ' .,av < i . . 1p ; w Sis ah - X•]yi Y 3ii,??\'4)a ♦ FLT s '�� `y ~ t ?, ]�4 3 .5y k31 ^^TT '$,� .. Sa Lu, ' r. r "{d..-7-,-2.4 1 �) r rSf`•�`9.}y Cookie Cut of Wood Decoy °ice 7 �.'s �.y u ..a7a.'M kK y r d,. qy , , t'` *' Z '. r ' ty iiwr`"y..-.S,r'R°:f 1 , v yl ri.'t' ;`"t r 4 .d' ;+.'s yyt „:;?? . r '1.iit x'.``. , . X 1 .I '°� �' "�b'`�Yy X'v �, ' Z. N,.. ,,. ., ,..: k Air tit? I z i �� `{'. f � � f�E F .. . ,, �'Y 4 dmt 4 f iy,': a z a y °„: . '.' �. i ." `"y s.w y v �' ' _# �. , y. f � v 7�� fi �, -- s ' f'?� w -tom yr ', 3... r p tit 1V' 'iYY. u_ l y�'r' ?. v,t 9♦ ,V x '') `•. d 1 f )R'iitY^y�y_ , 4 '* it } tt .4 Pi Tt 1 {4{-14, °t • i''y „ ��yy!y� ,y < S 4%4.14 Y ) i *. ,,,,:,..a-{` y.< oaf i; i 4 S t 2.„ ..q. yCi } � 4 yy4 M1 tteifte0.7-'4,111pObtectilie^ `)k�.y Y 5„ '4 }s F. n �` il'A by p i Close Up of wood Decay I A. General Administration and Finance Goals and Objectives 2 1. Create a fiscal plan that incorporates KIBSD funding and maintenance costs for all 3 Borough operations including enterprise funds to produce a reliable and 4 comprehensive plan reflecting assumptions and fiscal projections under the current 5 fiscal and political environment. 6 7 • 8 9 2. Continue to provide reliable and competent accounting services to all Borough 10 departments and outside agencies. II I2 13 14 15 16 3. To professionally manage the Borough's cash and investments, to include the corpus 17 of the Facilities Fund. 18 19 4. Provide a comprehensive risk management program for the Borough, including the 20 school district. 21 a. 22 b. 23 c. 24 d. 25 e. 26 27 5. Prepare a budget each year for adoption by the Borough Assembly. 28 a. 29 b. 30 c. 31 32 33 34 6. Maintain and shelter a diversified and stable revenue structure from short-run 35 fluctuations in any one revenue source. 36 37 38 39 7. To provide safe and efficient Information Technology (IT) Services to staff and the 40 Assembly 41 a. 42 b. 43 c. 44 d. Kodiak Island Borough Resolution No. FY2013-22 Page 2 of 15 45 46 8. Maintain and expand ourinternet presence. 47 a. 48 49 9. Maintain and expand ourcomprehensive Geographic Information System (GIS). 50 a. 51 b. 52 53 10. Collect all Borough receivables in a timely manner. 54 55 56 57 11. Continue to work with municipalities and other service providers to increase 58 efficiencies and cooperation that will lower costs to the citizens. 59 a. Enforce road service area powers and operations. 60 b. Educate the public on how a neighborhood fits into service area powers and 61 procedures. 62 63 c. Establish a process that would develop road improvements in a cost effective 64 manner. 65 66 d. Develop an education program for new road service area and fire protection 67 board members regarding their empowered duties and responsibilities. 68 69 70 71 12. Review and implement land management strategies for public lands, including 72 leases, license agreements, and land sales that are in balance with the real estate 73 market. Provide for the transfer of developable public lands to the private sector in an 74 equitable and cost-effective manner. 75 76 77 78 13. Operate and maintain Borough facilities in a safe, healthy, and attractive manner that 79 creates a positive environment for the community and ensures safe and reasonable 80 access for all citizens including the physically impaired. 81 82 83 14. Develop and implement a methodology to systematically review and evaluate 84 Borough operations. 85 86 87 88 Kodiak Island Borough, Alaska Resolution No. FY2013-22 Page 3 of 15 Mayor Friend would like to review the process and appointment of Assembly representatives to different boards and committees. Past practice: 1. Clerk distributes a form to the Assembly members on a yearly basis 2. Assembly members mark the form with five choices on the list (preference ranked 1-5) 3. Form is returned to the Clerk 4. Mayor reviews the list and assign Assembly members to different boards 5. Item is placed on the agenda 6. Assembly confirms the appointments of the mayor Proposed new practice will be discussed at the work session by Mayor Friend. Code provision - KIBC 2.100.030 Appointments. Members of boards, committees, and commissions, except for members of the board of adjustment, members of the board of equalization, and elected service area board members, are appointed by the mayor and confirmed by the assembly unless otherwise specifically provided elsewhere in this code. An appointment not confirmed by the assembly shall not become effective. The mayor shall appoint a new applicant until an appointment is confirmed by the assembly. The mayor may not appoint again the same person whose confirmation was failed by the assembly for the same board, committee, or commission until the next annual appointment process unless authorized by the assembly. Architectural Review Board — KIBC 2.125 Seven members of the board shall be residents and qualified voters of the borough and shall have an interest and a wide range of experience in engineering, architecture, building, plumbing, roofing, electrical installation, and other related fields involving the building business. The manager, assembly member representative, school district superintendent, or their designees, and a school board representative shall be nonvoting ex officio members of the board and may participate in all discussions. Economic Development Committee — KIBC 2.115 There is established the Kodiak economic development commission, consisting of nine members who are residents of the borough and who represent a cross-section of the socioeconomic structure of the community. Members of the commission are appointed by the mayor. Members shall serve three-year terms, except that of the initial nine members three shall be appointed for three-year terms, three for two-year terms, and three for one-year terms. Clerk's note: The mayor historically served on this committee. Emergency Services Council — KIBC 2.110 Membership. The emergency services council is created and shall consist of the city mayor and manager, the borough mayor and manager, the commanding officer of the United States Coast Guard Integrated Support Command Kodiak, the commanding officer of the United States Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak, and the post supervisor of the Alaska State Troopers "C" detachment post in Kodiak, or their designees. Appointment of Assembly member Rep to Boards Page 1 • Fisheries Oceanic Research Board — KIBC 2.150 There is created a fisheries and oceanic research board which will consist of the following 11 designated seats. Except for the Kodiak Island Borough mayor and the borough manager, each holder of a designated seat will be invited to participate on the board either personally or by a designated representative. Kodiak Workforce Regional Advisory Council — KIBC 2.155 There is created a Kodiak workforce regional advisory council which will consist of one appointed seat and 16 designated seats on the council. Clerk's note: The mayor historically served on this committee. Joint Building Code Review Committee— KIBC 15.45 The building code board of appeals shall consist of seven members who are qualified by experience and training to pass upon matters pertaining to building construction. All seats shall be filled by current members of the architectural review board. Appointments will be made in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 2.100 KIBC. The borough manager or designee shall be an ex officio member of the board. Kodiak Fisheries Work Group (Adhoc)— Resolution No. FY2013-32 The Kodiak Fisheries Work Group (work group) shall be composed of three representatives from the Kodiak Island Borough and three representatives from the Kodiak City Council. Kodiak Fisheries Advisory Committee — Resolution No. FY2007-38 Representatives of the City of Kodiak and the Kodiak Island Borough and Kodiak residents serving on the North Pacific Fishery Management Council, the North Pacific Council's Advisory Panel and the Alaska Board of Fisheries shall be ex officio, non - voting members of the Kodiak Fisheries Advisory Committee. However, ex- officio members may also serve as a voting representative of a designated interest group. Parks and Recreation Committee— KIBC 2.120 There is established the Kodiak Island Borough parks and recreation committee consisting of nine voting members who are residents of the borough and represent a cross-section of the social and economic structure of the community. One assembly member, one planning and zoning commissioner, the city parks and recreation director, the state park ranger, and a school representative shall be nonvoting ex officio members of the committee and may participate in all discussions and assigned duties. Project Advisory Committee (Zoning Code Revision) — Resolution No. FY2011-08C The numbers of community members to serve are five regular members, one Planning and Zoning Commissioner, and one Assembly member who will serve as an ex-officio member of the committee. Appointment of Assembly member Rep to Boards Page 2 Providence Health System Service Area Board — KIBC 8.05 and Contract No. 97-07A There is created a hospital and health facilities advisory board which shall consist of seven borough residents appointed in accordance with KIBC 2.100.030 and pursuant to the requirements of 7 AAC 13.030(a). The duties of the board shall be as set out in 7 AAC 13.030. The hospital manager shall serve as a nonvoting ex officio member of the board and the mayor may, with the concurrence of the assembly, appoint additional nonvoting ex officio members. Per Contract No. 97 -07A: An advisory board meeting the requirements of 7 AAC1 3.030(a) will be appointed by Providence. One assembly member shall be appointed by Providence as a full voting member of the advisory board, and Providence shall give the borough the opportunity for review and comment before appointments to the advisory board are made. Solid Waste Advisory Committee — KIBC 2.145 There is created a solid waste advisory board that shall consist of seven borough residents, inclusive of the city of Kodiak, who represent a cross-section of the social and economic structure of the community. Preferably, two out of the seven seats shall be designated to representatives from the construction and retail business community. All members are appointed in accordance with KIBC 2.100.030 and shall meet the qualifications of KIBC 2.100.040. Borough employees may be appointed to serve on the solid waste advisory board unless they are employed by the engineering and facilities department. There will be four nonvoting ex officio members, one of which shall be an assembly member appointed by the mayor; one shall be a KIB staff member appointed by the manager; one shall be representative from the United States Coast Guard appointed by the ISC commanding officer; and one city of Kodiak staff member appointed by the city manager. Each ex officio member may participate in all discussions. NO CODE PROVISIONS • Kodiak College Council The Kodiak College Advisory Council holds a designated, voting seat on the council for a Borough Assembly member. An important caveat however is that while providing input at the local level, much policy is ultimately determined at the Statewide Board level and procedures are largely determined at the Major Academic Unit (UM) level. The KoC Council serves primarily in an advisory capacity to the Director and Chancellor of UAA, providing feedback through the director to other shared governance groups: Faculty, Staff, and Students and also providing input to the Chancellor's Cabinet as well as advocacy for the college and its programs in the community. School District Budget Advisory Committee School District Facilities Review Committee School District Strategic Planning Committee There have traditionally been Borough Assembly representatives to these committees. All of the SD Committees are advisory only. Note: Providence Kodiak Island Counseling Center Advisory Council is Appointment of Assembly member Rep to Boards Page 3 APPOINTMENT OF ASSEMBLY REPRESENTATIVES TO BOARDS AND COMMITTEES Assembly Member: Please mark your top 5 choices, with 1 being your first choice, and return this form to the Clerk by Thursday, October 24. Assembly Rep Assembly Rep Board or Committee 10/2012-10/2013 Architectural Review Board, KIBC 2.125 Aaron Griffin Economic Development Committee, KIBC 2.115 Jerome Selby Emergency Services Council, KIBC 2.110 Jerome Selby Fisheries Oceanic Research Board, KIBC 2.150 Jerome Selby Kodiak Workforce Regional Advisory Council, Jerome Selby KIBC 2.155 Joint Building Code Review Committee, KIBC Mel Stephens 15.45 Kodiak College Council Dave Kaplan Kodiak Fisheries Work Group (Adhoc) Chris Lynch Resolution No. FY2013-32 Dave Kaplan Louise Stutes Kodiak Fisheries Advisory Committee, Res FY07- Louise Stutes 38 Parks and Recreation Committee, KIBC 2.120 Aaron Griffin Project Advisory Committee (Zoning Code Revision), Louise Stutes Res FY2011-08 Providence Health System Service Area Board; Carol Austerman KIBC 8.05 School District Budget Advisory Committee Mel Stephens School District Facilities Review Committee Chris Lynch School District Strategic Planning Committee Carol Austerman Solid Waste Advisory Board, KIBC 2.145 Tuck Bonney KIBC 2.100.030 Appointments. Members of boards, committees, and commissions, except for members of the board of adjustment, members of the board of equalization, and elected service area board members, are appointed by the mayor and confirmed by the assembly unless otherwise specifically provided elsewhere in this code. An appointment not confirmed by the assembly shall not become effective. Appointment of Assembly member Rep to Boards Page 4 °•P Kodiak Island Borough ...rs� .. 11 i e nv tc MEMORANDUM TO: Honorable Mayor and Assembly Members of the Kodiak Island B 4h THROUGH: Bud Cassidy, Borough Manager / FROM: Karleton Short, Finance Director '77/4 SUBJECT: Strategic Plan DATE: October 29, 2013 Assembly member Chris Lynch has asked Borough staff to prepare a paper on the Borough's Goals and objectives and how we can measure them to show the Assembly and public what the Borough has accomplished during a year and how effective we were. I have worked on this document with the help of Bill Roberts, Borough Assessor, and Paul VanDyke, IT supervisor. We have listed the goals for the Finance, Assessing and IT departments in this document. I have attached the Fiscal Policy of the Kodiak Island Borough, which is part of the Borough Code, and a draft GIS policy document. (I generally do not give out draft documents but I wanted the Mayor and Assembly to see which direction we are going). Many of the goals in the Finance, Assessing, and IT departments are what I call yes/no indicators. You either prepared an annual report to GASB and GFOA standards or you didn't. Some of our goals and objects however are measurable. An example is how many lots were visually inspected each year; perhaps on a per employee basis. I welcome comments on this document and we can change it to a different style. I would like to point out that the Finance section was written by me, the Assessing section by Bill Roberts, Borough Assessor, and the IT/GIS sections by Paul VanDyke, IT supervisor. Instead of changing the style of this document to one style I left the different sections in the form they were written. The Assembly can let us know what format they like best and we will change this document and following documents to that format. A. General Administration and Finance Goals and Objectives 1. Create a fiscal plan that incorporates KIBSD funding and maintenance costs for all Borough operations including enterprise funds to produce a reliable and comprehensive plan reflecting assumptions and fiscal projections under the current fiscal and political environment. This goal is basically our annual budget. It is a hard goal to measure, it is basically a yes we did it or no we didn't. This Goal is covered in our current Fiscal Policy. Please see the attached fiscal policy. 2. Continue to provide reliable and competent accounting services to all Borough departments and outside agencies. a. Timely reconciliation of all accounts. i. This should be done within 60 days of receipt of the statements. b. Prompt payment of all bills. i. All bills will be paid by the due date as set in the contract. If there is no due date than the bills will be paid with 30 days of receipt. c. Preparation of a comprehensive annual financial report that meets the standards of the Government Finance Officers Association. Yes/No d. Prepare accurate and timely monthly financial reports. Monthly reports should be prepared within 60 days of month end. e. Keep accurate records of all Borough fixed assets. Yes/No f. Comply with terms and conditions of grants, including the reporting requirements of the Federal and State granting agencies. Yes/No g. Prepare a "Popular Annual Financial Report" that conforms to the standards of the Government Finance Officers popular reporting program and mail to registered voters of Kodiak Island Borough. Yes/No 3. To professionally manage the Borough's cash and investments, to include the corpus of the Facilities Fund. a. To manage the Borough's investment portfolio in the following order of importance: i. Protect the investments of the Borough. Yes/No ii. Provide liquidity to pay ongoing obligations of the Borough. Yes/No iii. Provide interest earnings to help defray the use of property taxes. Yes/No b. To monitor the banking agreement with our bank and issue and evaluate RFP's for banking services. To issue an RFP for banking services every 5 years. c. To be proactive in the detection and prevention of fraud. Yes/No 4. Provide a comprehensive risk management program for the Borough, including the school district. a. Identify all property that needs to be insured and determine appropriate values and deductible limits. Yes/No b. Evaluate risk management coverage and financial condition of various insurers and re-insurers. Yes/No c. Reduce risk by promoting safe practices by employees and identifying potential hazards. Have a safety officer on staff. Participate in AML/JIA safety program. 5. Prepare a budget each year for adoption by the Borough Assembly. a. Ensure the budget meets the standards set by the Government Finance Officers Association. Yes/No 2 b. Ensure user fees cover the actual cost of providing the service unless a lower level of funding has been approved by the Assembly to minimize general fund subsidies of special services. Yes/No c. Pay for all recurring expenditures with recurring revenues and to use nonrecurring revenues for nonrecurring expenditures. Yes/No d. Have a positive undesignated fund balance of at least 15% of the previous year's expenditures and transfers out and have a positive cash balance in all governmental funds at the end of each fiscal year. Yes/No e. Provide for adequate maintenance of capital plant and equipment and for its timely replacement. Yes/no 6. Maintain and shelter a diversified and stable revenue structure from short-run fluctuations in any one revenue source. a. Maintain a diversified and stable economic base by supporting policies that promote tourism, fishing, agriculture, and commercial and industrial employment. Yes/No b. Institute standard user fees and charges for specialized programs and services, where possible and reasonable. Rates will be established to recover operational as well as capital or debt service costs. Work with departments heads and other staff to prepare a fee resolution as part of the annual budget process. IT/GIS POLICY The Kodiak Island Borough IT/GIS Department provides access to information and the underlying infrastructure to house that information that'run the operations of the Kodiak Island Borough. This infrastructure includes the hardware, software and procedures to provide reliable service to the Borough employees and the public. The IT/GIS department also maintains and provides mapping related resources to the Borough and the public. Information Technology 1. Data Integrity The Borough's electronic data that is housed in the Borough's datacenter and in other online repositories is critical for the operations to the Borough. The systems that process and store this information are reliable and have built-in redundancies. These systems are backed up regularly using common industry practices. 2. Security Most of the Borough's data is public record. However, not all information is. Authentication is required to access to the Borough network and data. Information is shared between departments via the Borough's network and resources. Access to many of the Borough's resources are logged and accounting and auditing can be performed. The Borough's network resources are protected from the Internet via firewalls. Client computers contain anti-virus software to prevent exposure and infection of computer viruses. The IT department continually monitors industry sources for security related information and updates computer systems as necessary. 3. Data Access The IT department provides users with desktop and laptop computers to access network resources and applications. The IT department maintains licenses for software that keep the Borough in legal compliance with software vendors. 4. Communications 3 The IT department maintains several communication technologies for the Borough's needs. These include a PBX-style telephone system for voice communications; an email system for internal and external digital communication; and fax machines for transmitting and receiving paper documents 5. Documentation (Procedures) The IT department prepares written documentation to share knowledge with employees inside and outside the department. 6. Innovation / New Technology The IT department regularly evaluates new technology as it relates to the needs of the Borough. As necessary, IT implements phases in new technology and replaces outdated technology while creating a minimal impact to the organization and end-users. 7. Budgeting The IT department prepares an annual budget that consists of operating expenses, maintenance agreements and capital purchases to provide reliable services to the Borough staff and public. New technology will be budgeted for and implemented in the most budget neutral manner, creating as little disruption to level budgeting as possible. Geographic Information Systems 1. Data Integrity The GIS department will make edits to existing datasets in a timely manner to insure the quality of the GIS data. Input for these edits comes from internal auditing and from other department's processes (internal and public). The spatial data maintained by the Borough is under constant review and maintenance to correct spatial errors in existing data are made. 2. Borough Primary Datasets The GIS department will work with the Community Development department and others to map the legal boundaries of properties with the Kodiak Island Borough. These property boundaries may be delineated through several methods and bi-directional communication between the GIS department and others ais necessary. The Borough's Assessing department is responsible for managing the ownership of properties for assessment and taxation. The GIS department will maintain the relationship between the Borough Assessor's role and the spatial information contained in the GIS system. The zoning districts as they are identified and modified by the Planning and Zoning commission will be appropriately mapped and displayed on map products. 3. Data Collection The GIS department will collect data from field work; collaborating departments and agencies; and the public to meet the needs of the Borough. Appropriate and accurate information will ensure the creation of map products that meet the needs of their intended use. Ongoing collection of imagery via aerial and satellite methods provide coverage of development in the Borough. This information is relevant for quick visual analysis and long-term comparisons. Collection of elevation information such as LiDAR is useful for terrain analysis. 4. Publish Map Products The GIS department will analyze available data for the creation of map products to serve the needs of the Borough staff and the public_ Standard map products with dynamic 4 • content are maintained by the GIS department for publication on an ongoing basis. These maps are created and made readily available for the public. Data Availability The GIS department makes a standard spatial dataset available on the Borough's website. This includes the operational and base layers that are required for most Borough maps. Access to these datasets allows the public and other agencies to use current data in the creation of their own map products. 5. Public Education/Outreach The GIS department provides instructional resources online for the differing mapping tools available to the public. 7. To provide safe and efficient Information Technology (IT) Services to staff and the Assembly a. Provide current IT hardware, software and training to Borough employees and Assembly in order to enhance efficiencies in the operations of Borough business. Yes/No b. Ensure safety of Borough data and records through standardization, documentation, and off-site backups. Yes/No c. Evaluate new software and hardware for use by the Borough, embracing standardization and modernization. Yes/No 8. Collect all Borough receivables in a timely manner. a. Prepare and collect property taxes in an accurate and prompt manner. i. Maintain a low inventory of tax-foreclosed property through regular sales that minimizes negative community impacts. Have a foreclosure sale at least every two years. ii. Ensure all properties are reviewed and selected for documented public purposes prior to disposal in a timely manner. Yes/No 9. Continue to work with municipalities and other service providers to increase efficiencies and cooperation that will lower costs to the citizens. a. Continue to pursue efficiencies by utilizing municipal services in a cooperative manner with all municipalities. Yes/No b. Continue to review and evaluate all options for providing superior services through consolidation, annexation, unification, or other methods that may maximize efficiencies. Yes/No c. Enforce road service area powers and operations. Yes/No Educate the public on how a neighborhood fits into service area powers and procedures. d. Establish a process that would develop road improvements in a cost effective manner. Yes/No f. Develop an education program for new road service area and fire protection board members regarding their empowered duties and responsibilities. Yes/No 10. Review and implement land management strategies for public lands, including leases, license agreements, and land sales that are in balance with the real estate market. 5 Provide for the transfer of developable public lands to the private sector in an equitable • and cost-effective manner. a. Evaluate all Borough land on a regular basis and conduct a sale of land in the spring/summer of 2013 that is appropriate for development and in demand. Yes/No b. Reserve appropriate Borough land for public recreation, while at the same time pursuing through land exchange acquisition of high-value recreational land on the road system currently in private ownership. Yes/No c. Continue to pursue employing professional services through the RFP process for potential large tract disposals and for timber valuation on Borough lands. Yes/No d. Initiate a review and develop a management system for Borough leases. Yes/No e. Work toward completion of the ongoing revision of Title 18. Yes/No 11. Operate and maintain Borough facilities in a safe, healthy, and attractive manner that creates a positive environment for the community and ensures safe and reasonable access for all citizens including the physically impaired. a. Review lease rates to ensure Borough facilities generate sufficient revenues to pay for adequate operational and maintenance expenses and replacement costs as allowed by market value. Annual review of lease rates b. Annual review of leased property, on site if property is on the road system b. Work cooperatively to develop a Renewal and Replacement schedule for all Borough buildings. Yes/No 12. Develop and implement a methodology to systematically review and evaluate Borough operations. a. Review and update the Personnel Rules and Regulations. Perform annual, formal review, of Personnel Rules and Regulations. b. Conduct a review of the Borough salary scale every five years. Yes/No B. Tax Assessment and Collection Goals and Objectives Provide an assessment program that produces fair and equitable assessments to all real and personal property at a level acceptable to national, state and local standards. 1. Maintain a cycle for re-inspection of all properties that meets state requirements. 2. Maintain a market sales collection and analysis system to adequately determine sales to assessed value ratios. 3. Annual review of market trends to determine the need for broad brush assessment updates. 4. Develop a personal property assessment system that adequately tracks and values all personal property subject to taxation. Administer all exemption programs to ensure full compliance with Federal, State, and local laws and regulations. 1. Provide for a periodic review of all exempt properties to determine any changes in use or ownership that would affect the exemption. 2. Attend biannual AAAO meetings to keep abreast of changes in regulations or interpretations of regulations based on current court decisions. Develop a staff professional and education program to ensure that staff has the necessary knowledge to competently fulfill their duties and responsibilities. 6 1. Budget for staff education opportunities to participate in classes offered by IAA() and AAAO. 2. Provide monthly updates to staff on market activities. 3. Engage staff in interactive discussions concerning assessments, current market trends, and changes in regulations Develop and utilize the GIS system to help with field inspections to reduce costs. 1. Work with the MIS department to encourage budgeting for GIS updates and improvements. 2. Encourage refinement of existing GIS to correct inherent errors in geometry, add omitted parcels and add fabric layers to handle leasehold interest, legal parcels and economic parcels. 3. Budget for a systematic update to imagery to help with remote inspections. Maintain all records necessary to adequately complete the primary goals and objectives of this department. 1. Continue to develop a system to collect and analyze market data. 2. Pursue compliance with the records retention schedule set forth by the Borough and State. 3. Complete scanning permanent documents into Laser fiche to make them readily available to staff and other departments. 4. Fully mature property records in the CAMA system and ensure all changes and entries are fully documented. Preparation of tax bills 1. Tax bills will be prepared using the tax code area, assessed value, and mill rates. 2. Tax bills will be mailed on or before July 1. Collection of property taxes 1. Taxes are payable by: i. Installments — 1s` half due August 15th and 2nd half due November 15th ii. Full payment - due on October 15th. 2. The Borough accepts cash, checks and money orders for payment of property taxes in person at the cashier's office or via delivery services. Delivery date is determined by delivery service's cancellation stamp. 3. The Borough will not pay, or accept, fees or other charges relating to tax payments made by credit card. As such, the Borough has contracted with an outside vendor for those taxpayers who want to pay by credit card. The taxpayer is solely responsible for the payment of fees or charges for that convenience. Foreclosure due to delinquent property taxes. 1. The Borough will prepare a list of properties annually that have delinquent taxes or fees due. 2. The Borough, with oversight from legal counsel, will enter the Foreclosure process as determined by Alaska State Statues and Borough Code. 3. Properties in the Foreclosure process will: i. Be redeemed by paying for delinquent taxes and associated fees. ii. Be foreclosed on and granted Clerk's Deed to property title. 4. Clerk Deeded properties (with the intent be returned to a taxable base) are then evaluated for: 7 i. Transition to city or tribe • H. Public use purposes Hi. Land sales iv. Other 8 • FISCAL POLICY This fiscal policy, adopted March 15, 1990, is a statement of the guidelines and goals that will influence and guide the financial management practices of the Kodiak Island Borough. A fiscal policy that is adopted, adhered to, and regularly reviewed is recognized as the cornerstone of sound financial management. Effective fiscal policy: contributes significantly to the Borough's ability to insulate itself from having a financial crisis; enhances long-term financial credibility by helping to achieve the highest bond and credit ratings possible; promotes long-term financial stability by establishing clear and consistent guidelines; directs attention to the total financial picture of the Borough rather than single-issue areas; promotes the view of linking long-run financial planning with day-to-day operations; and provides the Assembly and the citizens of the Borough with a framework for measuring the fiscal impact of government services against established fiscal parameters. To these ends, the following policy statements are provided: 1. Operating Budget Policies The budget is a plan for allocating resources. The objective is to enable service delivery with allocated resources. Services must be delivered to the citizens at a level that will meet real needs as efficiently and effectively as possible. The Borough's goal is to pay for all recurring expenditures with recurring revenues and to use non-recurring revenues for non-recurring expenditures. It is important that a positive undesignated fund balance and a positive cash balance be shown in all governmental funds at the end of each fiscal year. When deficits appear to be forthcoming within a fiscal year, spending during the fiscal year must be reduced sufficiently to create a positive undesignated fund balance and a positive cash balance. When possible, the Borough will integrate performance measurement and productivity indicators within the budget. This should be done in an effort to improve the productivity of Borough programs and employees. Productivity analysis should become a dynamic part of the Borough administration. The budget must be structured so that the Assembly and the general public can readily establish the relationship between expenditures and the achievement of service objectives. The individual department and agency budget submissions must be prepared with the basic assumption that the Assembly will always attempt to maintain the current tax rates. Budgetary review by the Assembly will focus on the following basic concepts: Staff Economy The size and distribution of staff will be a prime concern. The Assembly will seek to limit staff increases to areas where approved program growth and support absolutely requires additional staff and to reduce staff where this can be done without adversely affecting approved service levels. Capital Construction Emphasis will be placed upon continued reliance on a viable level of pay-down capital construction to fulfill needs in an Assembly approved comprehensive capital improvements program. 9 Program Expansions Proposed expansion to existing programs and services must be submitted as budgetary increments requiring detailed justification. Every proposed program or service expansion will be scrutinized on the basis of its relationship to the health, safety, and welfare of the community. New Programs New programs or services must also be submitted as budgetary increments requiring detailed justification. New programs or services will be evaluated on the same basis as program expansion plus an analysis of long term fiscal impacts. Existing Service Costs The justification for base budget program costs will be a major factor during budget review. Administrative Costs In all program areas, administrative overhead costs should be kept to an absolute minimum. Functions of all departments and agencies should be reviewed in an effort toward reducing duplicate activities within the Borough government and the autonomous and semi-autonomous agencies, which receive appropriations from the Borough. The budget will provide for adequate maintenance of capitalized assets and for their orderly replacement. The administration will maintain budgetary controls at the character level within each organizational unit. (Characters are broad classifications of expenditures: fringe benefits, contractual services.) The preparation and distribution of monthly budget status reports, interim financial statements, and annual financial reports is required. The Borough will remain current in payments to the retirement system. The Borough will develop and annually update a long-range (three to five years) financial forecasting system that will include projections of revenues, expenditures, and future costs and financing of capital improvements that are included in the capital budget. The Borough will develop and annually update a financial trend monitoring system which will examine the fiscal trends from the preceding five years- trends such as revenues and expenditures per capita and adjusted for inflation, liquidity, or operating deficits. Where possible, trend indicators will be developed and tracked for specific elements of the Borough's fiscal policy. 2. Debt Policies The Borough will not fund current operations from the proceeds of borrowed funds. The Borough will confine long-term borrowing to funding of capital improvements or projects that cannot be financed from current revenues. 10 • When the Borough finances capital projects by issuing bonds, it will repay the debt within a period not to exceed the expected useful life of the project. Target debt ratios will be annually calculated and included in the review of financial trends. Net debt, as a percentage of the estimated market value of taxable property should not exceed two percent. The ratio of debt service expenditures as a percent of governmental fund expenditures should not exceed 15 percent. The Borough recognizes the importance of underlying and overlapping debt in analyzing financial conditions and will regularly analyze its indebtedness. The Borough will maintain good communications about its financial condition with bond and credit institutions. The Borough will follow a policy of full disclosure in every annual financial statement and bond official statement. The Borough will avoid borrowing on tax anticipation and maintain adequate fund balance. 3. Revenue Policies The Borough will try to maintain a diversified and stable revenue structure to shelter it from short-run fluctuations in any single revenue source. The Borough will attempt to maintain a diversified and stable economic base by supporting policies that promote tourism, fishing, agriculture, commercial, and industrial employment. The Borough will estimate its annual revenues by an objective, analytical process. The Borough, where possible and reasonable, will institute user fees and charges for specialized programs and services. Rates will be established to recover operational, as well as capital or debt service costs. The Borough will regularly review user fee charges and related expenditures to determine if pre-established recovery goals are met. The Borough will maintain a sound, consistent, and equitable ad valorem property tax assessment program. The Borough will follow an aggressive policy of collecting tax revenues where the annual level of uncollected current property tax should not exceed two percent. The Borough should routinely identify governmental aid funding possibilities. However, before applying for and accepting intergovernmental aid, the Borough will assess the merits of a particular program as if it were funded with local tax dollars. Local tax dollars will not be used to make up for losses of intergovernmental aid without first reviewing the program and its merits as a budgetary increment. 4. Investment Policies The Borough will maintain an investment policy based on the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) model investment policy. The Borough will conduct an analysis of cash flow needs on an ongoing basis. Disbursements, collections, and deposits of all funds will be scheduled to ensure maximum cash availability and investment potential. When permitted by law, the Borough will pool its various funds for investment purposes. The Borough will obtain the best possible return on all investments consistent with the underlying criteria of liquidity and safety of principal. The Borough will regularly review contractual opportunities for consolidated banking services. 5. Accounting, Auditing, and Reporting Policies The Borough will establish and maintain a high standard of accounting practices in conformance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The accounting system will maintain records on a basis consistent with accepted standards for government accounting according to the Government Accounting Standards Board (GASB). 11 Regular monthly financial statements and annual financial reports will present a summary of financial activity by departments and agencies within all funds. Where possible, the reporting system will also provide monthly information on the total cost of specific services by type of expenditure and revenue by fund. An independent firm of certified public accountants will perform an annual financial and compliance audit and will publicly issue an opinion, which will be incorporated into the Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR). The Borough will annually strive for the GFOA Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting and the GFOA Distinguished Budget Presentation Award. 6. Capital Budget Policies The Borough will make all capital improvements in accordance with an adopted capital improvements program. The Borough will develop a multi-year plan for capital improvements that considers development policies and links the development process with the capital plan. The Borough will enact an annual capital budget based on the multi-year capital improvement program. The Borough will coordinate development of the capital improvement budget with development of the operating budget. Future operating costs associated with new capital projects will be projected and included in operating budget forecasts. The Borough will maintain all its assets at a level adequate to protect its capital investments and to minimize future maintenance and replacement costs. The Borough will identify `full-life" estimated cost and potential funding sources for each capital project proposal before it is submitted to the Assembly for approval. The Borough will determine the total cost for each potential financing method for capital project proposals. The Borough will identify the cash flow needs for all new projects and determine which financing method best meets the cash flow needs of the project. 7. Reserve Policies The Borough will maintain a fund balance designation for fiscal cash liquidity purposes; i.e. fiscal reserve that will provide sufficient cash flow to minimize the potential of short- term tax anticipation borrowing. The Borough will maintain appropriated contingencies to provide for unanticipated expenditures. The three contingencies and their recommended minimum funding levels are: Emergency Contingency 1.00% of General Fund Personnel Contingency 0.50% of General Fund Litigation Contingency 0.25% of General Fund The Borough will maintain sufficient self-insurance reserves, as established by professional judgment, based on the funding techniques utilized and the recorded losses. For fiscal year 2010 these are the levels of funding required to meet these needs. Basically this is unencumbered fund balance in the General Fund: • General Fund Percent Applied for Contingency Balance Fund Balance Emergency $3,162,680 1% $31,627 12 Personnel $3,162,680 1/2% 15,813 Litigation $3,162,680 1/4% 7,907 Total N/A N/A $55,347 The $3,162,680 in unreserved fund balance in the General Fund easily covers these amounts. • 13 •:r.i..JU..+.�......... y:«v..�.-x-..,..,.�..m✓ .t'-'.:u,....�—e.+'-=^i:�+ywW` .,r....a.,u...�z.�" .+.�.J.rr±-,..r�:a6_...a 4. '- S.-'!'i,..,im}4.& Kodiak Island Borouar 'rT _ ae50N f -?_ iI r car' a r i fr I. GIS Strategic Plan d , October 2013 - "C) ' ' F t it , ... . I() i 1 7. S I I, 0 `^k/�W�n�-6.w.:W.e!t. ..: -,.r�.��xs -6w";'rvrv�'Y^'.��.m+.... i9^aeR.+R.��vav�:t+uve?d�r�tr.uvu�...w.+wren.«�a... ..wfw'?+.m•.n-�s+Ns.xAn.,��.y^ �: 1 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PURPOSE This Geographic Information Systems (GIS) strategic plan establishes direction and priorities for the Kodiak Island Borough to provide accurate, timely, and high quality geographic information to support informed decision making by government, businesses, and citizens. Specifically, this plan provides a roadmap to: • Increase the accuracy of GIS data • Improve effectiveness and efficiencies • Expand access to GIS mapping, services, and data GOALS Develop tools, workflows, and strategies to increase quality and accuracy of GIS data. Expand internal and external access to GIS through web mapping applications, desktop GIS, and mobile applications. Develop a GIS system infrastructure to leverage GIS efficiencies, reduce costs, and streamline workflows. Promote the use of GIS standards and best practices, including the creation of metadata for all data layers. 3 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 2. BACKGROUND 2.1 GIS PROGRAM MISSION STATEMENT The Kodiak Island Borough GIS mission is to provide accurate, consistent, accessible, and comprehensive GIS data, infrastructure, and services to support effective decision making and management of assets, and to meet the unique needs of the Kodiak Island Borough and the communities we serve. 2.2 GIS PROGRAM HISTORY In 2002, the Borough invested in GIS software and contracted to have existing parcel data converted from AutoCAD to GIS. The Borough's 2004-2008 Strategic Plan advocated for a GIS for the Borough "in order to facilitate its tax collection and planning obligations and to make information accessible to citizens and Borough employees" (Alaska Map Science, 2004: 7). In 2004, a GIS needs assessment recommended: increased efficiency of the GIS; increased use of the GIS; clean up and documentation of the data filing system; and improved access to GIS data ((bid, 2004: 7-14) By 2005, GIS had moved from Community Development to IT to account for increased data storage needs. As of 2013, the Borough has implemented specific recommendations from the needs assessment, specifically : acquisition of additional GIS data, including orthoimagery and elevation data; provision of access to GIS data through the internet; in-house GIS skill development; establishment of a Property Steering Committee to provide direction; production of mapbooks and an Urban Area zoning map; documentation of a GIS procedure to produce public hearing notices; and singular use of GIS over AutoCAD. The Kodiak Island Borough's Strategic Plan for the years 2013-2017 outlines specific goals related to GIS, including providing access to a fully functional web GIS with the following layers: trails, wetlands, land ownership, and evacuation plans, among others.The Plan also calls for: extending the base map layer beyond the road system to include the entire borough; further synchronizing GIS with the property records database maintained in Assessing; setting up a web server to which the database will be copied nightly, giving the public continuous access to current data and user-defined maps; continuing to audit the Borough's data layers and parcel information in the GIS and PACS database; and investigating an aerial survey baseline to be used to help lower costs for annual remote re-inspections (Kodiak Island Borough, 2013: 8-10). In 2013, there is a web GIS containing bay names and parcels joined to the PACS database to display ownership information. An imagery acquisition proposal written by the GIS Analyst was approved by the Property Steering Committee to acquire aerial imagery for the road system and 4 Maya Daurio G15 Analyst October 2013 satellite imagery for Assessing's remote assessment areas on a regular basis. Multiple GIS layers are maintained and published, including zoning, addresses, roads, election precincts, and parcels, among others. Numerous map products are published using this data, including mapbooks for emergency responders, an Urban Area zoning map, street and address maps for the Urban Area and Bells Flats, election maps, and service area road maintenance maps. The Borough coordinates a GIS Users Group composed of local GIS users from various organizations that meets monthly. 5 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 3. CURRENT STATUS 3.1 ORGANIZATION GIS is currently within the IT Department and guided, in part, by a Property Steering Committee. There is one full time GIS staff person, the GIS Analyst, who is supervised by the IT Supervisor. There are three GIS users in Community Development, the two Associate Planners and the secretary, who all have access to desktop GIS. The Planners use zoning and land use templates created by the GIS Analyst, and the secretary uses a public hearing notice template created by the Analyst. Training is provided by the Analyst when the GIS software is upgraded. There are four G15 users in Assessing, all of whom use a template created by the GIS Analyst to prepare for remote assessment trips and other property questions.These users are: the Assessor, the Appraiser, and two Assessor Technicians. Nearly all other Borough employees access GIS through an interactive web mapping application. 3.2 SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE The Kodiak Island Borough GIS primarily uses multi-level Esri licenses (Desktop Basic, Desktop Standard, Desktop Advanced) at individual workstations. INSERT PAUL'S WORDING HERE. 6 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 3.3 DATA HOLDINGS The Kodiak Island Borough is the default geospatial clearinghouse for the region and maintains, receives, and distributes multiple data sets. The Borough maintains both vector data (addresses, parcels, roads) and raster data (LiDAR, orthorectified aerial imagery, IfSAR). Vector data is usually stored as shapefiles or as feature classes within a geodatabase. No inventory of data has been done, but a primary geodatabase named Production is used internally to populate GIS templates with data layers and also is published to the website as a downloadable zipfile. Reference a detailed list of available data layers within Appendix A 3.4 WEB MAPPING APPLICATIONS AND ONLINE GIS DATA Kodiak Island Borough GIS Website http://www.kodiakak.us/index.aspx?NID=339 The Kodiak Island Borough website contains a Map Center webpage, which provides a brief introduction to GIS mapping, links to an online, interactive map where users can query property assessment and ownership information associated with parcels, publishes a base geodatabase available for download, and publishes PDF maps representing various GIS data layers. Reference a list of available maps for download within Appendix B. 7 Maya Daurio G15 Analyst October 2013 3.5 GIS STAKEHOLDERS The Kodiak Island Borough GIS stakeholder community includes internal and external governmental agencies, nonprofit groups, businesses, and the general public. The various stakeholders have diverse GIS data, application, and service needs, which merit consideration in order to provide effective regional GIS resource management and informed decision making (Frederick County Government, 2011: 7). KODIAK MUNICIPAL STATE/FEDERAL INDEPENDENT • PUBLIC ACCESS ISLAND GOVERNMENTS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES • BOROUGH Assembly City of Kodiak AK DOT Afognak Native Internet mapping Corporation applications Manager's Office City of Ouzinkie USFWS Leisnoi Data downloads Clerk's Department City of Akhiok ADFG Koniag,Inc. Digital and hardcopy maps Finance Department City of Larsen Bay USGS Sun'aq Tribe of Kodiak Community City of Karluk USCG Realtors Development Department Engineering/Facilities City of Old Harbor DNR Department Assessing City of Port Lions BLM Department IT Department Alaska Mapped Emergency Services Parks and Recreation Committee 8 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 4. OBJECTIVES AND GOALS 4.1. DEVELOP THE QUALITY OF GIS DATA AND SERVICES 4.1.1. INCREASE THE ACCURACY OF GIS DATA LAYERS Identify GIS data layers that require higher accuracies for stakeholder use and application development and formulate a plan to achieve those accuracies. Goals • Audit and rebuild cadastral (parcel) data by correcting the geometry of the parcels, ensuring the accurate geographic location of the parcels, and auditing the join between the parcels and the Property IDs generated in PACS. • Integrate hydrography data among NHD, ADFG's anadromous waters catalog, and the Borough's internal hydrography data. • Improve address data by creating address points in place of annotation, using geocoding to document an address range for each street. Also assign each address a unique ID. • Improve street centerline data by integrating Borough data with the most current AK DOT street centerline data. • Audit zoning ordinances to create a comprehensive zoning layer for the Borough. • Audit the lot layer to ensure it is accurate and up-to-date. 4.1.2. DEVELOP TOOLS AND WORKFLOWS TO IMPROVE GIS DATA Develop tools and workflows to improve GIS data layers, the production of maps, and the organization and distribution of data. Goals • Use scripts or models to automate a process wherein GIS databases are updated nightly to reflect daily changes to data. • Use scripts or models to automate a process wherein web mapping applications are updated nightly to reflect daily changes to data. • Use scripts or models to automate a workflow where parcel data is joined with the latest version of PACS data on a nightly basis. • Develop workflows to publish standard, static map products as web mapping applications using Esri's ArcGIS Online for Organizations. 9 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 • 4.2. EXPAND ACCESS TO GIS 4.2.1. DEVELOP NEW GIS DATA LAYERS Identify GIS data layers that are necessary to meet GIS stakeholder needs and enable provision of additional services. Goals • Create a data layer inventory to identify and document what data we have. • Acquire aerial and satellite imagery on a regular basis as identified in the Imagery Acquisition Proposal (Daurio, 2013) and prioritized in the Borough's strategic plan (Kodiak Island Borough, 2013: 8-10). • Use a GPS to map fire hydrants in all municipalities of the Borough. • Acquire and map utility information for all municipalities of the Borough as well as the Coast Guard Base. • Use LiDAR or feature extraction or digitizing to create a building footprint layer to aid in assessing and other applications. • Create an Emergency Service Zone layer for use in emergencies and in preparation for Next Gen 9-1-1. • Densify and document the control point network and publish to a web mapping application. • Create a lot layer exported from the parcel fabric and publish to a web mapping application. 4.2.2. DEVELOP ADDITIONAL WEB MAPPING APPLICATIONS Goals Implement the development of web mapping applications to increase external and internal user access to data and services maintained in GIS. • Enhance the current Kodiak Island Borough GIS website by adding additional layers such as streets and creating additional query capabilities. • Use Esri's ArcGIS Online for Organizations and their templates to create a GIS website. • Migrate relevant data to Esri's Local Government Information Model geodatabase. • Use Esri's Local Government Information Model map and app templates to publish utility, land records, elections, fire service, law enforcement, emergency management, planning and development, facilities, address, and public works maps as web mapping and mobile applications. 10 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 4.3. DEVELOP A GIS SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE 4.3.1. DEVELOP STORAGE AND MULTI-USER INFRASTRUCTURE Research and develop a plan to store, access, and manage spatial data within a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). Goals • Research the advantages and disadvantages of ArcSDE to manage relationships between spatial data and the RDBMS, multiuser functionality, and versioned editing. 4.4. PROMOTE GIS STANDARDS AND BEST PRACTICES 4.4.1. DEVELOP A DATA FILING STRUCTURE Identify an appropriate data filing structure for vector and raster data. Goals • Consult the proposed data filing structure in the Borough's 2004 GIS Needs Assessment (Alaska Map Science, 2004: 37)to determine its relevance and appropriateness. • Create multiple databases to store read-only production data, editable core layers, editable non-core layers, and raster data, respectively. 4.4.2. DEVELOP AND MANAGE GEOSPATIAL DATA USING STANDARDS AND BEST PRACTICES Follow existing, national standards in acquiring, analyzing, and managing data. Goals • Create metadata for all existing data layers and develop a workflow to update the metadata for all new data layers as they are created. • Follow industry and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standards in acquiring new imagery and to ensure adequate accuracy. • Use documented, national standards and best practices to guide GIS applications regarding addressing, plat regulations, land records, and natural resource management, among others. 11 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 • Use spatial data distribution best practices to publish data in the oldest ArcGIS geodatabse (GDB)version that supports the originally developed functionality, the newest ArcGIS GDB version, as a shapefile, and as a KML for vector data and as a BIL or ASCII file for raster data (Stump, 2013: 2). 12 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 APPENDIX A:SELECTED LIST OF DOWNLOADABLE GIS BASE DATA Data Download Website: http://www.kodiakak.us/index.aspx?NID=339 Data File Type or Extent Addresses Annotation Block numbers Annotation Lot numbers Annotation City Limits City of Kodiak 2 ft contours Kodiak Urban Area 50 ft contours Kodiak Island Borough Emergency Assembly Areas Kodiak Urban Area and Womens Bay Fire Hydrants Kodiak Urban Area Docks Kodiak Urban Area Landfill Greenbelt n/a Tsunami sirens Road System Alaska coastline State of Alaska Election Precincts Road System KIB Geographic Names Kodiak Island Borough KIB Selected Geographic Names Kodiak Island Borough KIB Boundary Kodiak Island Borough KIB Coastline(also 100&200 ft buffers) Kodiak Island Borough Lakes Kodiak Island Borough Land Use Kodiak Island Borough Parcels Kodiak Island Borough Rivers Kodiak Island Borough Roads Kodiak Island Borough School Attendance Boundaries Kodiak Urban Area Schools Kodiak Urban Area and Coast Guard Base Sections Kodiak Island Borough Streams Kodiak Island Borough Subdivisions Kodiak Island Borough Townships Kodiak Island Borough Unconstructed ROWs Kodiak Urban Area Zoning Kodiak Island Borough 13 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 APPENDIX B: SELECTED PUBLICLY AVAILABLE PRINTED MAPS MAP TITLE PDF SIZE COST Kodiak Urban Area Zoning Map 36"x 84" $21.00 Kodiak Urban Area Mapbook $20.00 Womens Bay Mapbook $20.00 Kodiak Urban Area Address Map 36"x 84" $21.00 Village Profile Maps 24 x 36 (20) $120.00 (Ind. $6) Marine Topo Map 36"x60" $30.00 Bathymetric Topo Map 36"x60" $30.00 Marine Topo Map 21.5"x36" $10.50 Bathymetric Topo Map 21.5"x36" $10.50 Kodiak Urban Area and Womens Bay 24"x48" $8.00 Street Map Kodiak Island Borough Election 36"x72" $18.00 Precinct Map 14 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 REFERENCES Alaska Map Science. Kodiak Island Borough GIS Needs Assessment Report. Anchorage: Alaska Map Science, 2004. Print. Alaska Mapped.Alaska Geospatial Strategic Plan. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2012. Web. 30 Sep. 2013. Applied Geographics, Inc.Strategic Plan Guidelines. Washington, DC: United State Geological Survey, 2009. Web. 30 Sep. 2013. Daurio, Maya. Kodiak Island Borough Imagery Acquisition Proposal. Kodiak: Kodiak Island Borough, 2013. Print. Financial and Information Services Department. Geographic Information System (GIS)Strategic Plan. Tigard: City of Tigard, 2006. Web 02 Oct. 2013. Frederick County Government. Geographic Information Systems Strategic Plan 2011-2015. Frederick: Frederick County Government, 2011. Web. 02 Oct. 2013. Geographic Technologies Group, Inc. Geographic Information System Strategic Plan. Spotsylvania: Spotsylvania County, 2005. Web. 03 Oct. 2013. Kodiak Island Borough. Kodiak Island Borough Strategic Plan (Fiscal Years 2013-2017). Kodiak: Kodiak Island Borough, 2013. Print. Krucoff, Barney. GIS Strategic Plan. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief Technology Officer, 2008. Web. 30 Sep. 2013. Palmer, Gary. The Town of Farragut Tennessee Geographic Information System Services Strategic Plan FY 2010-2011. Farragut: The Town of Farragut Tennessee, 2010. Web. 30 Sep. 2013. Leach, Tim. Proposal to Create an Enterprise GIS Strategic Plan. Spokane: Tim Leach GIS, LLC, 2008. Web. 30 Sep. 2013. • State of Alaska Geographic Information Advisory Committee. Geographic Information System Strategic Plan.Juneau: Office of the Lt. Governor, 2000. Web. 03 Oct. 2013. Stump, Chris. Best Practices and Standards:Spatial Data Distribution. Helena: Montana Association of Geographic Information Professionals, 2013. Web. 09 Oct. 2013. Woolpert, Inc. GIS Strategic Plan. Kirkland: City of Kirkland, 2005. Web. 02 Oct. 2013. 15 Maya Daurio GIS Analyst October 2013 KODIAK ISLAND BOROUGH WORK SESSION Work Session of: Oct P9/ Zp Please PRINT your name Please PRINT your�'na�jme c\KK \ \\ .. V Pit Goss 60, „her A/c:J. '04.3 t.2- N `3frinicoN 51-4 / i\-/ YYti La)._5 l i N :' \r 1 4AI\ 1-r/ Ger'," 14; 5'irtne( \m uk S ec ZiCaS / -Dit\\ E (3E( a(�/30.+y . ` 1 i E R ; Sber tte, T Vie+, Cd N7C. , °MY Zb(vItik- A*45 iTa4e_itgt(' €_. Nova Javier From: Aaron Griffin <agriffin1977 @gmail.com> Sent: Monday, November 04, 2013 11:15 AM To: Nova Javier; Bud Cassidy Subject: Regarding alternatives to clearcutting Attachments: Cjfr 2001.pdf; article.pdf; 2002 Forestry partial cutting.pdf Nova, Please disseminate to my fellow assembly members. To all, I had the pleasure this past Thursday of speaking with Dr. Bob Deal, a specialist who works for the U.S. Forest Service and did a good portion of his PhD research on alternatives to clear cutting (even aged management) in Sitka Spruce/Hemlock forests. Attached is a good portion of the research summary regarding the options for economical harvesting and the regrowth potential. The cliff notes really are that clear cutting isn't the only option and there are many alternatives that leave a healthy ecosystem and character of the forest in place, while still garnering a profitable harvest from a stand. Dr. Deal expressed his willingness to visit Kodiak and perform a standing survey of our forested regions and then report to the Assembly. I believe having a 3rd party opinion on how to handle our valuable resource is of clear importance and I'd like to propose discussion of the expense in our next work session. Please call me if you have any questions. Aaron Fwd: Aaron, nice chatting with you today. In summary, there are a number of assumptions that people make about even-age forestry that has been applied from the Pacific Northwest region of Washington and Oregon that do not apply to rainforests of Alaska. For instance Sitka spruce will regenerate and thrive use partial harvesting or selection cutting and assumptions about the vigor of new forests, increase in disease etc. were not based on solid science. Without actually seeing your particular forest stand I am speculating myself but I spent nearly 20 years working in Sitka Spruce/western hemlock stands in SE Alaska and am an expert in this forest type and I truly believe there are options to just clearcutting and even-aged management that do a much better job of maintaining forest ecosystems and biodiversity. I have attached a few publications that you might look over. I would also be willing to send a powerpoint presentation or give a presentation and/or look at the forest in question and give you my professional assessment. The biggest question would be for you and the Kodiak bureau to determine what your objectives are for this forest. The economics certainly would favor a simple prescription of clearcutting and even-aged management but if other considerations are important then there certainly are some options. I would be happy to discuss this with you in the future. Best regards Bob Deal 1 P.S. The most straightforward publication is the 2002 Forestry pub but other articles provide more details. The CJ FR 2001 paper has been cited nearly a hundred times in peer-refereed journals and is based on my PhD work in Alaska. Dr. Robert L. Deal Research Forester and Ecosystem Services Team Leader USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station 620 SW Main Street Portland OR 97205 E-mail: rdeal @fs.fed.us WK: (503) 808-2015, cell: (971) 279-9987 2